ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOLUME LVIII, 1947 3/ PHILIP P. CAI.VERT, EDITOR EMERITUS R. G. SCHMIEDER, EDITOR EDITORIAL STAFF E. T. CRESSON, JR. E. F. J. MARX J. A. G. REHN A. G. RICHARDS, JR. E. T. MOUL PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, U. S. A. 1947 The numbers of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for 1947 were mailed at the Post Office at Lancaster, Pa., as follows : No. 1 January April 17, 1947 No. 2 February May 8, 1947 No. 3 March June 13, 1947 No. 4 April July 30, 1947 No. 5 May August 19, 1947 No. 6 June September 30, 1947 No. 7 July October 27, 1947 No. 8 October November 17, 1947 No. 9 November January 5, 1948 The date of mailing the December, 1947, number will be announced on the last page of the issue for January, 1948. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS JANUARY 1947 Vol. LVIII No. 1 CONTENTS ~ Rau Life history notes on the wood-roach ............................. 1 Moul Pink katydid at Woods Hole ......................... '. .......... 4 Brown Two neglected species of Formica .............................. 6 Evans Two new spider wasps ......................................... 10 Pate Identity of Entomobora Gistel ................................... 16 Shappirio Notes on wasps ............................................ 18 Notes and News in Entomology News from Italy .................................................. 19 Field Releases of Microplectron .................................... 19 Production of Macrocentrus in N. J ................................. 19 Summa Brasiliensis ...... ........................................ 20 Pacific Science ................................................... 20 Entomological Literature .............................................. 21 PUBLISHED MONTHLY, EXCEPT AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER, BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY PRINCE AND LEMON STS., LANCASTER, PA. AND THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA 3, PA. 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SEPARATES of articles without covers, without extraneous matter, will be furnished by the printer at the following prices: 14 pages, 25 copies, $2.50; 50 copies, $2.50; 100 copies, $3.00. 5-8 pages, 25 copies, $4.00; 50 copies, $4.00; 100 copies, $4.75. 9-12 pages; 25 copies, $6.25; 50 copies, $6.25; 100 copies, $7.25. Covers: first 50, $2.75; additionals at 2 cents each. Plates, printed on one side: first 50, $2.00; additional at l l /> cents each. Transportation charges will be extra. THE LANCASTER PRESS, INC., Lancaster, Pa. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOL. LVIII JANUARY, 1947 Xo. 1 Life History Notes on the Wood-Roach, Ischnop- tera deropeltiformis Brunner By PHIL RAU, Kirkwood, Missouri Previous to these observations in 1945, I had occasionally taken adults under bark in dead logs in St. Louis County as late as June 7, and on one occasion in my search for sleeping insects I saw one on top of a weed at 4 A.M. on June 26 (Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 24: 57, 1922). With only this meager acquaintance with this insect, I was amazed to discover a large number of them at rest on the wild oats heads in a rural school-yard, on the evening of June 19, 1945.* Even though the twilight was rapidly fading, their dull- black bodies were easily discernible among the airy tops of the green grasses. There was no tendency toward gregariousness ; each roach was independently perched high up on its stalk, and some distance from others of its kind. Each assumed a statue- like position, with head up, and remained thus during the entire evening. In spite of this "frozen" attitude, they were entirely alert ; when approached within a foot or two, they tumbled, quick as a flash, into the tangled grass below. There were 25 adults, scattered over this area of perhaps an acre. Although I watched them carefully until darkness fell, and later with a flash-light, I could detect no alteration in their attitude or behavior. * Specimens kindly identified by Mr. J. A. G. Rehn. (1) ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jail., '47 The following evening I visited them again, and on several other evenings, until their disappareance on July 5, but never witnessed the courtship or mating behavior that I had expected. However, the following items of behavior were noted : 1. There were from 20 to 30 on exhibition each night, until the numbers dwindled during the last days of June, and they disap- peared on July 5. 2. During that time, thorough searches netted only one female ; all of the others were males, easily discernible by being winged. 3. The males readily escaped from the net when caught. They could sustain themselves in flight for 40 or 50 feet, and on rare occasions a resting male would voluntarily fly to another oat head. 4. They \vere much more agile on their feet than on the w T ing, running with great rapidity on a smooth surface, but when they fell into the tangled grass their movements were awkward, and they could readily be picked up with the fingers. 5. They maintained this frozen attitude even in a drizzling rain. 6. On my first visit, I came upon them in deep twilight, when all of the roaches \vere quiet in their places. On subsequent visits, I arrived at the school-yard while it was still daylight, and had the pleasure of seeing the roaches come up out of the tangled grass and climb slowly to the tops of the oats heads. At 6:15, there was not a roach to be seen, but as twilight deepened they crept out slowly and stealthily, one here and one there, un- til within a half-hour all 20 or 30 were in their places. One ex- ceptional case was an ambitious creature which appeared on June 24, a half-hour before any of the others. At what hour they went back into hiding, I did not discover, but when I left, usu- aly at 9 :30 P.M., all were still quiet in their respective places. 7. A year later, I often visited the school-yard, earlier in the season, to discover the date of their first appearance. The first ones w T ere seen on May 25, almost a month earlier than my ob- servations the previous year. Obviously, I had come upon them in 1945 at a date when their mating was already over, and the females (all but one) were elsewhere, probably ovipositing. Iviii, '47| ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS But in 1946, many trips and many hours of search led only to disappointment, for during the entire season only two or three males were seen at any one time on the high grasses, and their behavior differed in no way from that of the year before. I still suspect that this well-defined habit of the males of com- ing out at twilight is some undiscovered part of the vital business of mating. If this is so, then their method of approach differs from that of their near kin, ' Parcoblatta pennsylvanica,* who flies swiftly in the air and seeks, with display of emotion, the wingless females hidden in the logs. The males of /. deropclti- fonnis likewise come out at dusk, but merely sit in their frozen attitude. If they are awaiting the coming of the females, it must be a slow' process, for the latter are wingless. The one female taken had been fertilized, for she oviposited soon after and the eggs were fertile. The place and behavior of mating are still to be discovered. The one female already mentioned and 14 males were placed in a cage in the laboratory, and the following data gathered. They fed on sliced apple, bread, cake, etc., and on several oc- casions they devoured a less vigorous one of their companions. The female deposited three egg-cases before her accidental death. She was taken on June 19, and four days later a fine brown egg-case was protruding from her body. The second one appeared six days after the first, and again after an interval of seven days a third one appeared. This last one was distorted in shape, and nothing came from it. She did not carry the pro- truding egg-cases for days, as some roaches do, but dropped them from her body in less than twenty-four hours. One egg-capsule hatched after 38 days, the other after 37 ; and one produced 40 young, while the other gave 38. The color of the egg-capsule is a shiny dark brown, almost black, slightly crescentic in form, and is a typically shaped cock- roach case. The young mature simultaneously, and all leave the case within a period of a half-hour. The newly-hatched roaches are white, but gradually darken, and after about six hours are * The Life-History of the Wood-Roach, Parcoblntta pennsylvanica. Entom. News 51 : 5-6, 1940. 4 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '47 brown with two black spots on tbe last segment. The long, dark antennae are white for the distal fourth of their length. The newly hatched nymphs are gregarious, living close to- gether under a piece of bark in an insect cage. The gregarious- ness continues evidently through all of the immature stages, for at this writing (Nov. 1, 1946) these three-fourths grown nymphs continue the habit. The young, as well as the adults, are swift runners. They remain in hiding throughout the day, and feed at night, but when a light is switched on, they swiftly run for cover. I had supposed that the length of life from hatching to ma- turity would be about a year, but in the laboratory those which hatched in July and August, 1945, are only about three-fourths grown after fifteen months. They prefer the moist parts of the floor of the cage, always under a piece of bark. The adults are evidently long-lived, for the 14 which were al- ready adult and of unknown age when captured lived from 21 to 48 days in confinement. Pink Katydid (Amblycorypha oblongifolia DeG.) at Woods Hole, Massachusetts By EDWIN T. MOUL, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. During late July, 1946, at Woods Hole, Massachusetts, a nymph of the katydid species Aiublycoryplia oblongifolia DeG. was brought into the class room by a student. Instead of the usual green color associated with katydids, this nymph was a deep pink. The specimen was given grass and leaves to feed upon and was kept in a make-shift cage. It appeared rather sluggish but ate some of the food material supplied. Examina- tion of the cage on the sixth morning revealed an adult katydid. The nymph had moulted during the night, apparently eating its cast skin, as this could not be found. The color of the adult was less intense than that of the nymph, the ventral surface of the abdomen fading to almost white. It is evident that the col- Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 5 oration of this mutant carries over from nymph to adult. The pinned specimen has faded considerably and appears light brown with only a slight suffusion of pink here and there on the upper surface of the body. Upon questioning the student, it was learned that a small colony of pink katydids has existed in the neighborhood of his summer home at Woods Hole for a period of at least two years. As evidence of the existence of other examples of this color phase, a second nymph like the first was collected. Upon searching the literature I have found a record of this pink form at "Woods Holl" as far back as 1886. Scudder (1897) re- ports specimens collected by Mrs. Sidney Smith, Mr. Richard Rathburn and Prof. A. E. Verril in August of that year. Again in 1912 this form is reported by Glaser (1912) to have been collected by Dr. A. S. Pearse and Mr. Gray of the Marine Biological Laboratory staff. Mr. Gray also collected a yellow color phase the same year. Apparently this colony has main- tained itself for 60 years in spite of its conspicuous color, which defies all the laws of protective coloration. This form is not an erratic color "freak" due to food habits or peculiarities of environment, but has been proved by Dr. Joseph L. Hancock (Hancock, 1916; Nabours, 1929) 'in a breeding experiment to be a dominant hereditary character. Green katydids crossed with green mates produce all normal green offspring. A cross between a pink female and a green male produced 4 green to 9 pink in the F, generation with sexes equally divided. The pink forms were inbred and the result in F., was 38 green to 90 pink. In the "List of Insects of New York" (Leonard, 1928), the brown and pink examples of this species have been collected at New Brighton and Clove Valley on Staten Island. Davis (1913) reports it in Long Island. Scudder (1878) reports a pink specimen of A. rotund if olia collected by Dr. Joseph Leidy in August, 1878, at Sharp Mountain, Schuylkill County, Penn- sylvania. The species determination of the Woods Hole speci- mens was made by Mr. J. A. G. Rehn and the specimens placed in the Academy Collection. 6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '47 BIBLIOGRAPHY DAVIS, W. T. 1913. Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc. 21 : 74-75. GLASER, R. W. 1912. Psyche 19: 159. HANCOCK, J. L. 1916. Ent. News 27: 70-82. LEONARD. 1928. List of Insects of New York. LUTZ, F. E. 1921. Field Book of Insects. Plate 19. NABOURS, R. K. 1929. Ent. News 40: 14-16. SCUDDER. S. H. 1878. Psyche 2: 189; 1897. Psyche 8: 54-55; 1901. Ent. News 12: 129-130. A Note upon Two Neglected Species of Formica Linn. (Hym. : Formicidae) By W. L. BROWN, JR., State College, Pennsylvania In 1903, in a paper on Hymenoptera from Beulah. New Mex- ico, H. L. Viereck described a new variant of Formica fusca Linn, and named it "var. denslventrls n. subsp." The descrip- tion was vague and misleading, especially in regard to color details. Wheeler, in his 1913 revision of Formica, placed densl- ventrls in the synonymy of F. fusca var. subaenescens Emery, though he followed the notation with a questionmark. In the short discussion of his action, Wheeler stated that he had never seen the types. The author has recently come upon Viereck's types in the col- lection of the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, and even cursory examination has convinced him that the speci- mens cannot belong to subaenescens. The red color of the head and thorax in the types at once separates them from siibacn- csccns, which is colored black or blackish throughout these re- gions. The type was keyed down in Wheeler's key to Formica in the 1913 paper to couplet 22, which includes F. fusca var. uco- clara Emery and F. fusca var. bland a Wheeler. It agrees with neither alternative. After comparing the types with various members of the fusca-rufibarbis complex, the author is satisfied Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 7 that densivcntris is a valid subspecies. Presented below is an attempt to improve upon the original description. Formica fusca subsp. densiventris Viereck Formica fusca var. densiventris n. subsp. Viereck, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., XXIX, p. 73 (1903). Worker. Formica fusca var. subaenescens Wheeler, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., LIII, pp. 504 and 505 (1913). Worker. Emery, Gen. Insect.; Formicidae: Formicinae, Fasc. 183, p. 248 (1925). Worker. Worker (ANS Type No. 4955) : 5.1 mm. Head in shape that of fnsca group in general. The median clypeal carina ex- tending from the anterior clypeal margin not quite to the anterior margin of the frontal area; maxillary palps long. Promesono- tum and epinotum convex as seen from the side in profile, the mesepinotal constriction cut fairly deeply and broadly, and the epinotum without an angle, though rather high. Petiolar scale seen from in front rather narrow, the superior borders originat- ing from an insignificant flattened space at the apex and passing through even, insensible curves into the lateral borders. Head, thorax, petiole and gaster shagreened and opaque, frontal area and greater part of the legs shining. Mandibles longitudinally striate. Hairs moderately long on dorsum of the head, truncate, scarce above compound eyes, absent on the gula. A few short sub- clavate hairs on the pro- and mesonotum, sides of the epinotum and on the ventral surface of the petiole. A set of three erect hairs on each side of the superior border of the petiolar scale. Dorsum and venter of gaster with scattered hairs of varying length, often truncate. Pubescence of head and legs dilute and inconspicuous ; of gas- ter, long, dense and slightly silvery under magnification. Ground-color of head, thorax and petiole light brownish-red with an area between and above the compound eyes, dorsum of pro- and mesonotum, parts of the thoracic pleurae, coxae, and scale of petiole deeply infuscated. Gaster very dark brownish- 8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '47 black; legs brown with joints more yellowish; antennae light reddish brown and slightly infuscated toward their tips. Paratype specimen: 4.5 mm. The petiolar node is nar- rower than in the type and much more acute, forming a dis- tinct angle at its apex. Only one hair is present on the petiolar border, and it is far down on the lateral part of the border. Some hairs may be missing due to mishandling, however. In other respects, the paratype specimen is much like the type. Numbered ANS paratype 4955-1. The two type specimens came from Beulah, New Mexico, and were collected by H. Skinner August 17, 1901. There are two other workers in the collection which agree rather closely with the types, but which have the infuscated areas on the head and thorax lighter and less extensive. One of this pair has the petiole narrower even than the type and para- type, and more acute above. The latter are labelled "Head of Daily Canon" and were collected by T. D. A. Cockerell. "Daily" (or "Dailey") Canyon is in the region of Beulah, which lies at some 8000 feet altitude. This subspecies is related to F. jnsca var. iicoclara and jnsca var. blanda, but differs in having the gaster much darker in color and the petiolar scale narrower. The more rounded pro- file of the epinotum distinguishes the form from F. mfibarbis vars. occidita Wheeler and gnaua Buckley. Collections of the forrns of the fiisca-ntfibarbis complex hav- ing reddish head and thorax should be made in the Beulah re- gion before all doubt about this form is removed, since the Formicas of the complex are apparently quite variable even in series from one colony. Formica aterrima Cresson redescribed Formica aterrima Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. IV, p. 426 (1865). . 24 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '47 [Annal. cle Parasit. humaine et comparee] 21 : 177-82, ill. Heinrich, Harned and van Dine Ulphian Carr Loftin. (Obituary) [65] 48: 240-43. Leary, Fishbein, and Salter -DDT and the insect problem. N. Y., 176 pp. Olson, T. A. Place of the entomologist in public health. [96] 36: 1031-34. Paulian, R. Recolte et conservation des larves d'insectes. [110] 2: 156-59. Romney, V. E. In- sects found on Guavule in northern Mexico. [37] 39: 670- 71. Ross, E. S. Obituary of Louis S. Slevin. [60] 22: 141. Weiss, H. B. Author and general subject index to volumes 1 to 50. Jour. N. Y. Entom. Soc., 135 pp. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, MEDICAL Abbott, C. E. The physical and chemical requirements of mosquito larvae. [100] 24: 189-90. Abbott, Roden and Yoeli- Anopheline mosquitoes as natural vectors of equine dermal filariasis. [53] 158: 913. Andrews, H. W. Some ex- ternal aspects of the bodies of Diptera. [Proc. and Trans. S. London Ent. and Nat. Hist. Soc.] 1945-46: 58-63. Bates and Roca-Garcia The development of the virus of yellow fever in Haemagogus mosquitoes. [97] 26: 585- 606; An experiment with neurotropic yellow fever virus in Saimiri monkeys and Haemagogus mosquitoes. [97] 26: 607-12. Bodenstein, D. Developmental relations between genital ducts and gonads in Drosophila. [12] 91: 288-94, ill. Brues, C. T. Juvenile and imaginal luminescence in fire-flies (Lampyr.). [73] 53: 13-14. Carpentier, F. Sur la valeur morphologique des pleurites clu thorax des machi- lides (Thysanoures). [Bui. et Anal. Soc. Ent. Bel., Brux- elles] 82: 165-81, ill. Crow, James F. The absence of a primary sex factor on the x-chromosome of Drosophila. [3] 80: 663-65. De Meillon, B. Effect on some blood- sucking arthropods of "Gamme-xane" when fed to a rabbit. [53] 158: 839. Du Porte, E. M. Observations on the morphology of the face in insects. [44] 79: 371-417. ill. Eagles, T. R. Physiology of insects. [Proc. and Trans. S. London Ent. and Nat. Hist. Soc.] 1945-46:84-91. El- mendorf, Marucce, Griffin, Meyer and Ryan Longevity of killing effect of DDT for mosquitoes contacting screen wire painted with DDT solutions. [97] 26: 663-86. Hinton, H. E. The "gin-traps" of some beetle pupae ; a protective device which appears to be unknown. [88] 97: 473-96, ill. Merrill, Savit and Tobias Certain biochemical changes in the DDT poisoned cockroach and their prevention by pro- longed anesthesia. [105] 28: 465-76. Ribbands, C". R.- Man's reaction to mosquito bites. [53] 158: 912-13. To- Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS bias and Kollros Loci of action of DDT in the cockroach (Periplaneta americana). [12] 91: 247-55, ill. Tobias, Kollros and Savit Acetylcholine and related substances in the cockroach, fly and crayfish and the effect of DDT. [105] 28: 159-82.' White, M. J. D. Cytology of the Ceci- domyidae. II. Chromosome cycle and anomalous spermato- genesis of Miastor. [44] 79:^323-70, ill. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA Baker, E. W.- Some Tydeidae (Acarina) from the fig tree (Ficus carica). [104] 4: 255-61, ill. (*) ; New species of north and central American mites of the family Penthaleidae. [48] 36: 421- 25, ill. (k*). Chamberlin, R. V. A new centiped and two new millipeds from the Pearl Islands, Colombia. [60] 22: 145-47. Fox, I. Three new mites from rats in Puerto Rico. [63] 59: 173-75, ill. Jones, S. E. Description of Habrocestum parvulum (Banks). [73] 53:27-29. Keifer, H. H. A review of North American economic Eriophyid mites. [37] 39: 563-70. SMALLER ORDERS Carpentier, F. (Thysanura). (See under Anatomy.) Wright, M. A description of the nymph of Agrion dimidiatum (Odonata). [47] 21 : 336-38, ill. ORTHOPTERA Merrill, Savit and Tobias (See under Anatomy.) Rehn, J. A. G. On the Punctulatus Species- Group of the Genus Melanoplus (Acrid.) with description of a new sp. from Kansas. [62] 98 : 241-69 (k ), ill. Tobias and Kollros (See under Anatomy.) Tobias, Kollros and Savit (See under Anatomy.) HEMIPTERA Banks, N. Athysanus argentatus Fabr. in New England. [73] 53: 45. Beament, J. W. L. The waterproofing process in eggs of Rhodnius prolixus Stahl. [103] 133 : Series B : 407-18, ill. Busvine, J. R. Compara- tive toxicity of various contact insecticides to the louse (Pediculus humanus L.) and the bed-bug (Cimex lectu- larius L.) [4] 33: 271-79. De Long and Severin Tax- onomy, distribution, and food plants of Gyponana hasta. ;i leafhopper vector of California aster-yellows virus. [Ilil- gardia] 17: 157-63, ill. Hambleton, E. J. A new name for a mealy bug. [63] 59: 177. Jenks and McKay Bubble- bathing bugs. 1 56] 56: 31-35, ill. Roberti, D. Mono- grafia del' Aphis frangulae Koch. [ Bol. Lab. di Ent. A^rari.i cli Portici, Naples] 6: 127-312, ill. Russell, L. M. The identity of Chermes alni Linne. 1758 (1'syll.). [65] 48: 249-50. Severin, H. H. P. Longevity, or life histories, of leafhopper species on virus-infected and on healthy plants. 26 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '47 [Hilgardia] 17: 121-37, ill.; Transmission of California as- ter-yellows virus by the first reported leafhopper vector in Gyponinae. Ibid. 141-53, ill. Torres, B. A. Nuevas especies de Cicadidos perjudiciales a la agricultura en nuestra pais. [113] 2: ser. A, 18: 1-8, ill. LEPIDOPTERA Brown, N. R. Studies on the para- sites of the spruce budworm, Archips fumiferana. 1. Life history of Apanteles fumiferanae. [23] 78: 121-29, ill. Clarke, J. F. G. Synopsis of the genus Nealyda, with descr. of new species (Gelechiid). [48] 36: 425-27, ill. Dethier, V. G. Supplement to the bibliography of the described life- histories of the Rhopalocera of America north of Mexico. [73] 53: 15-20. Leighton, B. V. Butterflies of Washing- ton. [Univ. of Wash. Pub. in Biol] 9: 49-63. Lichy, R.- Nota sobre un Lepidoptero singular de Venezuela. Copi- opteryx semiramis cr. f: banghaasi Drdt. (Saturnioidea). [Bol. Soc. Venez. Ciencias nat.] 10: 241-51, ill (k). Pas- trana, J. A. La mariposita Europea del Brote del Pinto, Rhyaciona buoliana, [113] 2: ser. A, 15: 1-11; Una nueva mariposita en las Coles de la Republica Argentina Hellula phidicalis (Pyraus.). Ibid. 16: 1-8. Satterthwait and Swain The sunflower moth and some of its natural ene- mies. [37] 39: 575-80. DIPTERA Abbott, C. E. (See under Anatomy.) Abbott, Roden and Yoeli (See under Anatomy.) Alex- ander, C. P. Records and descriptions of Mexican Crane- flies (Tipulidae). [104] 4: 213-53, ill. (*). Andrews, H. W. (See under Anatomy.) Bates and Roca-Garcia (See under Anatomy.) Bequaert, J. C. Descriptions of three new Neotropical spp. of Chrysops (Taban). [73] 53: 6- 12, ill. Bodenstein, D. (See under Anatomy.) Crow, J. F. (See under Anatomy.) Elmendorf, Marucce, Griffin, Meyer and Ryan (See under Anatomy.) Fox, I.- Two new biting midges or Culicoides from western United States. [65] 48: 244-46. Gjullin, C. M A key to the Aedes females of America north of Mexico. [65] 48: 215- 36. Harmston, F. C. Mosquito records from Ohio. [60] 122 : 148-56. Hill, R. B. and C. M. A correction. .[65] 48 : 236. Iragorry, L. B/ Breve nota a cerca de un nuevo Simu- lido para el pais. [Bol. del Lab. de la Clinica Luis Razetti] 15: 493-95. Iriarte, D. R. La familia Simuliidae en Vene- zuela. [Bol. del. Lab. de la Clinica Luis Razetti] 15: 401- 82, ill. (k). Reinhard, H. J. The Tachinid genera Pseudo- chreta and Phsenopsis in North America. [23] 78: 111-21 (k*). Ribbands, C. R. (See under Anatomy.) Rings and Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 27 Hill The larva of Aedes (Ochlerotatus) mathesoni. [65] 48: 237-40. Rozeboom, L. E. Three new Finlayas of the Dissimilis group (Culiciclae) from the Philippine Islands. [46] 32 : 587-95, ill. Tobias, Kollros and Savit (See under Anatomy.) White, M. J. D. See under Anatomy.) Wright and Ashby Bionomics of the carrot fly (.Psila rosae Fab.) II. Soil populations of carrot fly during autumn, winter and spring. [4] 33: 263-70, ill. COLEOPTERA Brues, C. T. (See under Anatomy.) Fender, K. Some new species of Malthodes (Cantharid). [60] 22 : 142-44. Fisher, W. S. New Cerambycid beetles belonging to the tribe Disteniini from Central and South America. [71] 96: 329-33. Frost, C. A. Dichelonyx canadensis. [73] 53: 20; Notes on uncommon Coleoptera. Ibid.: 21; Cicindela formosa generosa. Ibid.: 30. Grant, C. Kaleidoscopic color changes in beetles. [39] 38: 55, ill. Hinton, H. E. (See under Anatomy.) Jewett, H. H. Identification of some larval Elateridae found in Kentucky [Ky. Agric. Exp. Bull.]. 489: 1-40 (k), ill. La Rivers, I. An annotated list of the Cicindelidse known to occur in Nevada. [60] 22: 135-41. Lucas and Oxley Study of an infestation by Laemophloeus sp. (Cucujid) in bulk wheat. [4] 33: 289-93. Park, Orlando Revision of the fifty-fourth group of the Pselaphid genus Reichenbachia. [Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci.] 7: 499-509, ill. (k*). Ray, E.- Studies on North American Mordellidse, IV. [60] 22: 121- 32 (*), ill. Silvestri, F. Descrizioni e notizie di Staphili- nidre Termitofili Sud-Americani. [Comm. Pontifica Acad. Sci. Vaticano] 10: 299-334 (*), ill. Stehr, W. C. Tachy- ura barnesi n. sp. (Bembidiini, Carabidae). [58] 46: 2X4. HYMENOPTERA Abbott, R. L. The soldier termiu-. [32] 11: 88-90. Brown, N. R. (See under Lep.) Gahan, A. B. Eight new spp. of chalcid-flies of the genus Pseu- daphycus, with a key to the species. [71] 96: 311-27. Krombein, K. V. A ne\v species of Myrmosa (Tiphiid). [65] 48: 247-48. MacSwain, J. W. The nesting habits of Heteranthidium larreae (Ckll.) (Megachilid)/ [60] 22: 159-60. Morley, D. W. Division of labour in ants. [53 | 158: 913-14. Morley, D. W. The interspecific relations of ants. [36] 15:150-54. Pate, V. S. L. New Pemphilidine wasps, with notes on previously described forms: II (Sphe- cid). [109] 185: 1-14. (k). Timberlake, P. H. Two n. spp. of Ptiloglossa from Arizona (Apoidea). [60] 22: 156-58. NOTE: The December 1946 issue of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS \vas mailed March 17, 1947. EXCHANGES This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and, only when necessary those at the top (being longest in) are discontinued. Lepidoptera Wanted, Hyloicus (Sphinx.) and other Sphingidae in exchange for U. S. and Wisconsin Lepidoptera. Wm. E. Sicker, 119 Monona Ave., Madison 3, Wisconsin. Hymenoptera-Aculeata (except ants and bees) and Ichneumonidae for exchange or purchase. Will collect any order in exchange. D. G. Shappirio, 4811 17th St., NW, Washington 11, D. C. Wanted Oriental Cerambycidae and Chrysomelidae for determi- nation and research purposes: China, India, Philippines, Pacific. Will purchase from China, Assam, Burma, Siam, Formosa. Will exchange identified Chinese insects. J. 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The Nearctic Anopheles, important malarial vectors of the Americas, and Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciata MOSQUITO ATLAS. Part II. The more important malaria vec- tors of the Old World: Europe, Asia, Africa and South Pacific region By Edward S. Ross and H. Radclyffe Roberts Price, 60 cents each (U. S. Currency) with order, postpaid within the United States; 65 cents, foreign. KEYS TO THE ANOPHELINE MOSQUITOES OF THE WORLD With notes on their Identification, Distribution, Biology and Rela- tion to Malaria. By Paul F. Russell, Lloyd E. Rozeboom and Alan Stone Mailed on receipt of price, $2.00 U. S. Currency. Foreign Delivery f. 1U. For sale by the American Entomological Society, 1900 Race Street, Philadelphia 3, Pa., U. S. A. RECENT LITERATURE FOR SALE BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1900 RACE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. DIPTERA 1135., Cresson (E. T., Jr.) Synopsis of No. Amer. Ephydridae. III. The tribe Notiphilini of the subfam. Notiphilini (72: 227-240, 1946) $ .35 1136. A systematic annotated arrangement of the gen. and spp. of the Ethiopian Ephydridae. I. The subfam. Psilopinae (72:241-264,1946) 60 1134. Knight and Laffoon The oriental spp. of the Aedes (Finlaya) Kochi group (72: 203-225, 3 pis., 1946) 70 THE BIOLOGY AND IDENTIFICATION OF TRYPETID LARVAE By VENIA TARRIS PHILLIPS Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, No. 12, 161 pp., 16 pis., 1946 This is a comprehensive work describing and figuring the important characteristics of the larvae of forty five species of American fruit flies (Diptera). An indispensible work for economic en- tomologists. It includes a glossary of the terms used in the descriptions; a list of 442 species of the family, with their known hosts; a list of their host plants; and an extensive bibliography. The plates contain 192 exquisitely executed figures. Price $5.00 (postpaid, domestic delivery) U. S. Currency, remittance must accompany order. HYMENOPTERA 1132. Pate (V. S. L.) The generic names of the spider wasps (Psammocharidae olim Pompilidae) and their type spp. (72 : 65-137, 1946) 1.80 ORTHOPTERA 1128. Rehn (J. A. G.) One new gen. and six new spp. of Central American and Colombian Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera) (72: 1-26, 2 pis., 1946) " .75 COLEOPTERA 1133. Benesh (B.) A systematic revision of the Holarctic gen. Platycerus Geoffrey (72: 139-202, 5 pis., 1946) 1.90 1129. Dillon (L. S. & E. S.) Review of the Onocephalini (Ceram- bicidae) (72: 27-48, 1 pi., 1946) .65 1131. Green (J. W.) A new sp. of Enochrus (Hydrophilidae) (72: 61-64, figs., 1946) .20 1130. Robinson (M.) Studies in the Scarabaeidae III (72: 49-59, 1946) 30 LEPIDOPTERA 1125. Jones (F. M.) Platoeceticus Packard, and a remarkable n. sp. of the genus (Psychidae) (71: 99-124, 4 pis., 1945) 75 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS FEBRUARY 1947 Vol. LVIII No. 2 ^- U.S. &ATL. M'~ CONTENTS Chermock Notes on Enodias 29 Stallings and Turner Texas Lepidoptera 36 Chamberlin Millipeds from Alicronesia 41 Knowlton A new Microsiphum 47 Obituary 49 Notes and News in Entomology Australian locusts 49 Entomological Literature .50 PUBLISHED MONTHLY, EXCEPT AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER. BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY PRINCE AND LEMON STS., LANCASTER. PA. AND THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA 3. PA. Subscription, per yearly volume of ten numbers: $3.00 domestic; $3.30 foreign; $3.15 Canada. Entered as second-class matter April 19, 1943, at the post office at Lancaster, Pa., under the Act of March 3, 1879. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage prescribed for in Section 1, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized January IS, 1921. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS is published monthly, excepting August and September, by The American Entomological Society at 1900 Race Street, Philadelphia 3, Pa., U. S. A. PHILIP P. CALVERT, Editor Emeritus. R. G. 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See bottom of this page. The Editor requests that authors state the number of separates desired in a letter accompanying their manu- script. SEPARATES of articles without covers, without extraneous matter, will be furnished by the printer at the following prices: 1-4 pages, 25 copies, $2.50; 50 copies, $2.50; 100 copies, $3.00. 5-8 pages, 25 copies, $4.00; 50 copies, $4.00; 100 copies, $4.75. 9-12 pages; 25 copies, $6.25; 50 copies, $6.25; 100 copies, $7.25. Covers: first 50, $2.75; additional at 2 cents each. Plates, printed on one side: first 50, $2.00; additional at l l / 2 cents each. Transportation charges will be extra. THE LANCASTER PRESS, INC., Lancaster, Pa. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOL. LVIII FEBRUARY, 1947 No. 2 Notes on North American Enodias (Lepidoptera) By RALPH L. CHERMOCK, Ithaca, N. Y. The genus Enodia was erected by Hiibner in 1818 in his "Yer- zeichnis Bekannter Schmettlinge," page 61, in which he in- cluded three species: andromacha, dejeanira and hypcranthc. Scudder, in 1872 in the Fourth Annual Report of the Peabody Academy of Science, selected Enodia andromacha Hiibner as the genotype. Andromacha Hiibner, 1818 is a synonym of Papilio portlandia Fabricius, 1781. On page 56 of the above work, Hiibner proposed the generic name Lethe, citing only one species Papilio europa which becomes the genotype by monotypy. Scud- der, in 1875 in the Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., vol. II, p. 242, erected the genus Satyrodes with Papilio cnrydicc Linnaeus- Johanssen as the genotype. The various members of the above genera will vary with re- gard to the shape of the wings, the presence and character of androconial patches, shape of the hind wing, and in maculation. However, none of these characters are limited to any one genus, thereby being generically diagnostic. Careful venational studies have not revealed any differences of generic rank. In all three of the genotypes, the primaries are almost identical : the sub- costal is swollen at the base; the cell is half the length of the wing and broad ; R t and R 2 arise before the end of the cell and extend to the costal margin ; /?.,.- originates at the end of the cell with R z intersecting the costal margin, R t the apex, and R 5 the outer margin ; the upper discocellular is short and straight, the middle is curved basally, the lower is straight, over twice as long as the middle and meeting M. s beyond its intersection with Cu^. The venations of the secondaries of the three genotypes are also identical except for the following characters: the cell is closed in < 29 ) MAY 12 1947 30 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '47 curopa, open in eurydicc, and closed by a very thin vein in port- landia; the humeral vein in curopa is curved, in portlandia is short and angled, and in enrydice is very short and clubbed at the end. The rounded wing form of enrydice is also found in such species of Lethe as epinicnides and marginalis, which, how- ever, lack the distinctive form of valve of the former. In genitalic studies of the three genotypes, the basic struc- tures were identical. Euro pa is distinctive because it lacks the pair of socii at the base of the uncus. The valves of portlandia and europa are both long, narrowed distally, broader basally ; the valves of enrydice are proportionally shorter, broader, with a distinctive rounded appendage at the distal end. None of the differences observed were, in my opinion, of generic rank, al- though the absence of the socii in europa along with -the differ- ences in venation are probably deserving of subgeneric distinc- tion. The author proposes, therefore, that Lethe, which has page priority over Enodia, be retained as the generic name applying to the entire group ; and also as a subgeneric name to include curopa and its relatives. Enodia Hiibner may be used as a sub- generic name to include the North American representatives of the genus along with a large percentage of old world members such as titania, marginalis and kansa which agree with portlandia in genitalic and venational structure. Satyrodes Scudder is to be considered as a synonym of Enodia, having no characters of sufficient value to separate it from that genus. The generic names Orcas Hiibner, Tanaoptera Billberg, Dcbis Doubleday, and Zophoessa Doubleday are all synonymic to Lethe as is ad- dequately explained by Hemming, 1934. * Moore divided this group into numerous small genera. In 1880, in his Lepidoptera of Ceylon, vol. 1, p. 18, he erected the genus Hampha. In 1881, on page 305 of the Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. he proposed the genus Tansnna. In volume 2 of his "Lepidoptera Indica," he erected the following genera: Rangbia, N emit is, Dionana, SincJiula and Kerrata. All of these genera are based on superficial characters and can be considered only as synonyms. 1 The Generic Names of the Holarctic Butterflies, pp. 30-32, Oxford University Press. Iviii, '471 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 31 Austin H. Clark, in the Proc. of the U. S. Xat. Mus., vol. 83, No. 2983, 1936, summarized the genus Enodia in North America, and described two new subspecies. His limiting ,,f the name portlandia to the southeastern sub-species, with andro- inacha Hiibner and androcardia Hiibner as synonyms, is per- fectly valid and adequately detailed in his paper. His recogni- tion of creola as a distinct species also agrees with my findings, for the two species have an overlapping distribution in Virginia and North Carolina, with no apparent interbreeding; and differ in their flight behavior. The genitalia of portlandia have more blunt terminations to the valves than are found in creola al- though extremely similar in all other respects. The distinctive androconial patches found on the forewings of the male creola are also diagnostic for that species, though they may vary in their development. Doctor Clark also described two subspecies of portlandia in his paper, one from Sullivan County, New York which he called anthcdon, the other from Ontario which he named borealis. Both of these are distinguished from typical portlandia by the absence of white on the lower surfaces, the row of ocelli on the underside of the forewings being straight, and the ocelli on the underside of the secondaries having circular instead of elongate pupils. .His principal distinction between anthedon and bore- alls is based on the breadth of the dark band between the light line bordering the fourth and fifth spots and the submarginal light band below. In long series from Pennsylvania, New York, Illinois, Ontario, Manitoba and smaller series from Quebec. West Virginia, Ohio, Maine, Minnesota and Missouri, examples matching both of his subspecies are sufficiently abundant so that neither one is overwhelmingly the dominant form. Conse- quently, using page priority, the author selects the name anthcdon to apply to the northern subspecies. Although the name bore- alls could be used to designate a slight form, it is preferable to sink the name into synonymy. Linnaeus-Johanssen described Papilio eurydlee in 1763 in Amoenites Academicae, vol. 6, p. 406, this name preceding can- thus Linnaeus and others. In 1840, Gosse in the Canadian 32 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '47 Naturalist, p. 247, described transmontana from Compton, Que- bec. This name has been used to distinguish northern speci- mens of eurydice as a subspecies, but after studying long series from throughout the range of distribution of the species, no constant character can be found to distinguish the populations. The relative pale color usually used as a diagnostic feature of transmontana does not always occur in the more northern speci- mens, and occurs far too frequently in the more southern ex- amples. For this reason, I sink it into synonymy. F. H. Cher- mock, in 1927, described an aberration of this species from Port Hope, Ontario, characterized by the absence of spots on the up- per side of the primaries. Field, in 1936, described a "form" of this species from Bloomfield, Michigan, having a very pale color, almost albinic in character. Feeling that there is no need for names below the subspecific level which are used to designate the extremes of the normal range of variation of any given popu- lation, I sink these into synonymy. Leussler, in vol. 27, p. 99 of the ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for 1916, described a race of curydlcc from a small bog in Sarpy County, Nebraska, a few miles south of Omaha. It was charac- terized by its darker color, larger size and larger markings on the upperside of the wings. In all other respects it was the same as typical eurydice. Apparently, this insect was restricted to a very small area, and has since become extinct. In examining cotypes and topotypes of fumosus, the author finds that actually the specimens described occurred only as a form of the typical species in the type locality along with the normal form. The variation of Lethe eurydice is extremely interesting. They usually are restricted to swampy or boggy areas where their foodplant occurs, and because of their relatively weak flight habits, rarely leave these areas. Consequently, two bogs, which may be only a mile apart, will have little or no interchange of popula- tions of this species. This affords perfect conditions for micro- evolution, and frequently light forms may develop in one bog, while in a nearby swampy area, darker colored forms may pre- dominate. This variation may be duplicated in numerous local populations over a fairly large area, each of which has its own Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 33 distinctive characteristics. Essentially, however, they represent local isolations of a potentially variable species. As such, the author feels that these local isolated populations are deserving of no subspecific designation. Fumosus is an example of a re- stricted population of this type, and consequently the author feels that it should be considered as a synonym of eur \dice. On the other hand, if the local populations of an area covering thousands of square miles collectively possess diagnostic char- acters which separate them from relatives inhabiting an ad- jacent large geographical area, we have true subspecies de- veloped. In the zone where the ranges overlap, we may of course find an overlapping of the diagnostic features of both, or may find neighboring isolated populations of one or the other subspecies. However, considering the overall geographic dis- tribution, the author feels that it is valid to use the term sub- species to designate the inhabitants of these large areas. For this reason, he proposes subspecific rank for members of the species enrydicc inhabiting the southern Appalachians. Lethe (Enodia) eurydice appalachia, new subspecies Male. Length of primary (measured from the base of the wing to the apex) 23-27 mm., average length 25.5 mm.; longer than in eurydice eurydice. Genitalia cannot be distinguished from the typical form. Upper Surface : ground color of a darker brown than that of the typical form, with very slight contrast between the limbal and discal areas of the primaries ; the row of ocelli reduced in size and tend to be obscured by the general dark ground color of the primaries ; there is no contrast between the limbal and discal areas of the secondaries, and the ocelli are larger than in the typical subspecies. The color, maculation and length of wing are comparable to that of fuinosns Leussler. Lower surface : darker brown than in the typical form, homo- geneous, with a slight purplish cast and lacking the yellow which occurs so frequently in eurydice eurydice. Ocelli large, filling the intravenous space, white pupilled, ringed with yellow, then a ring of the ground color, and finally a ring of light grayish- white as in the typical form. The most diagnostic feature is the 34 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '47 structure of the dark brown band between the discal and limbal areas ; in typical eurydice this band is strongly serrate on the primaries, in Appalachia it is consistently straight, very slightly curved, and slightly irregular between Cu 2 and A 2 ; on the second- aries this band is smoothly sinuate, having none of the sharp pointed irregularities usually found in the typical subspecies. Female. Wing expanse 25 to 27 mm., average 25.5 mm. ; exhibits all of the characteristics of the male but has more contrast between the limbal and discal areas of the upper surface. Holotypc: male, Conestee Falls, near Brevard, NORTH CARO- LINA, June 28, 1941 (R. Chermock). Allotype: female, Co- nestee Falls, N. C., June 27, 1941 (R. Chermock). Paratypes: R. L. Chermock Collection : 4 males, Terra Alta, WEST VIR- GINIA, July 2-3, 1939 (R. Chermock) ; 4 males, Conestee Falls, N. C., June 27-28, 1941 (R. Chermock). F. H. Chermock Collection: 1 male, Terra Alta, W. Va., July 2, 1939 (R. Chermock) ; 4 males, Conestee Falls, N. C., June 26 to July 8, 1937 (W. Sweadner) ; 1 male, Batesville, SOUTH CAROLINA, (F. H. Chermock). Don B. Stallings Collection: 1 male, Conestee Falls, N. C., June 29, 1941 (R. Chermock). Ameri- can Museum of Natural History Collection : 1 male, Coosa- whatchie, S. C., July 26, 1938 (R. B. Dominick) ; 2 males, Monticello, FLORIDA, Oct. 4-8, 1914. U. S. National Museum Collection: 1 female labelled Washington, D. C., July 17, 1929 (figured on Plate 1, figures 3 and 4, Bulletin 157 of the U. S. National Museum, as being from Beltsville, Md.) ; 2 males, Washington, D. C., July 4, 1930 and July 29, 1929; 1 male, Beltsville, Maryland, July 15, 1928; 4 males and 1 female, Little Meadows, Giles Co., Virginia, July 25-26, 1940 (L. G. Carr) ; 1 female, Speedwell, Va., August 11, 1938 (A. H. Clark); 1 'female, Glen Carlyn, Va., August 12 (A. N. Cau- dell) ; 1 female, Vienna, Va., July 19, 1936 (A. H. Clark) ; 1 male, Burkes Garden, Va., July 19, 1936; 1 female. Longs Gap, Gray son Co., Va., August 11, 1938 (A. H. Clark). This new subspecies ranges from the mountains of West Virginia, south through the Appalachian Mountains into Flor- ida. Dr. Austin H. Clark, in correspondence, informs me that Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NK\YS 35 he has collected specimens of appalachia in the mountains of southwestern Virginia. In addition, he mentions it occurring in the coastal swamps of eastern Virginia and South Carolina. Apparently, appalachia is not found on the Piedmont, except in the vicinity of Washington, D. C. One of these specimens is figured by Dr. Clark on plate 1, figs. 3-4 of his "Butterflies of the District of Columbia" collected in Beltsville, Md., and is unquestionably referable to the new subspecies. In summarizing the above conclusions, the author presents the following checklist of the North American representatives of the genus Lethe: Genus Lethe Hiibner, 1818. Genotype: Papilio eitropa Fabri- cius, 1775. Subgenus Enodia Hiibner, 1818. Genotype: Enodia andro- inacha Hiibner, 1818 (= Papilio portlandia Fabricius, 1781). portlandia portlandia (Fabricius) synonym andromacha (Hiibner) synonym androcardia (Hiibner) portlandia anthedon (Clark) synonym borealis (Clark) creola (Skinner) eurydice eurydice ( Linnaeus- Johanssen) synonym cant hits (Linnaeus) synonym cantheus (Godart) synonym transinontana (Gosse) synonym boisduvalii (Harris) synonym as aberration boweri (F. H. Chermock) synonym as aberration rau'soni (Field) synonym as field form fuinosits (Leussler) eurydice appalachia R. L. Chermock I wish to thank Dr. C. D. Michener of the American Museum of Natural History; Mr. Don B. Stallings of Caldwell, Kansas; and Mr. F. H. Chermock of Butler, Pa., for the loan of material for study. I also wish to extend to Dr. Austin H. Clark of the U. S. National Museum and Dr. \V. T. M. Forbes of Cornell University my appreciation for their many helpful suggestions. 36 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '47 Texas Lepidoptera (With Description of a New Subspecies) By DON B. STALLINGS and J. R. TURNER, Caldwell, Kansas Since our first paper * on Texas Lepidoptera, H. A. Freeman has continued to make remarkable catches of butterflies around Pharr, Texas. In addition, we have done considerable collect- ing during the past year in Texas, up and down its southern border. Again we wish to thank Dr. Wm. P. Comstock of the Ameri- can Museum of Natural History for his valued assistance in checking determinations. Freeman agrees with us that the Rio Grande Valley area around Pharr is tropical in nature. Preliminary work on this problem by Robt. Whittaker confirms our position. The following list covers only the more interesting and un- usual catches : v/ Papilio lycophron pallets Gray. A single female of this sub- species was caught by Freeman with the assistance of Kent Wilson near Brownsville, Texas on August 20th, 1946. We have reason to believe that this subspecies is native to the United States, even though this is the first recorded specimen. While collecting this subspecies near Victoria, Mexico, we re- call that it was associated with Papilio cresphontcs Cram, and Papilio ornythion Bdv. The males of pallas, crcsphontes and ornythion look a good deal alike in flight and it is probable that males of this subspecies seen in flight in the U. S. have been mistaken for crcsphontes or ornythion. Melitaea cJiinaticnsis Tinkham. We collected a small series of this newly described species ** north of Terlingua, Texas, at an elevation of 3800 feet on Oct. 29th, 1945. Our speci- mens were flying with Melitaea dcfinita Aaron. On June 2nd, 1946, we caught a single specimen north of the Davis Mts., near Toyahvale, Texas, at an elevation of 3800 feet. This specimen was flying in association with Phyciodes picta Edw. * ENT. NEWS 46 (2) : 44-49. Feb., 1946. **CAN. ENT., vol. 76 (1-) : 11-18, Jan., 1944. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 37 Timetes chlron Fabr. We caught a single ragged specimen of this species near Del Rio, Texas, Oct. 25th, 1945. Heterochroa eulalia D. & H. We collected several specimens of this species in the Davis Mts. of Texas on May 28th, 1946. The females were laying eggs on the oak trees in the area. This is the latest name applicable to what has heretofore been called brcdozvi Gey. and sometimes has been referred to as Heterochroa bredozvi californica ** Butler. Asterocampa leilia codes Lintner. We have collected a series of this species around Del Rio and Laredo, Texas, and at Mon- terrey, Mexico. Freeman has collected a pair at Pharr. We do not agree with Barnes and McDunnough * in treating Texas specimens of leilia the same as Arizona leilia. In addition to the differences in ground color (Texas specimens are darker) mentioned by Barnes and McDunnough, we find a further dis- tinct difference between the two subspecies which instantly sep- arates them. On the lower surfaces of the secondaries of Ariz. leilia are 7 eye spots in the submarginal area. These eye spots are black, banded with yellow and pupilled with blue. On Texas specimens, we find the 7 eye spots in the submarginal area and in addition an eighth eye spot in the anal area, similar to the other 7 eye spots. Type locality of codes is six miles above Hildago, Texas, which is a few miles from Pharr, Texas. Leilia is a distinct species from Asterocampa celtis. Some con- fusion has resulted from the fact that Holland pictures A. celtis antonio and calls it leilia. Seitz evidently copied Holland's figure. Leilia is easily distinguished from celtis antonio, which it sometimes flies with, by two characters. On the upper por- tion of the upper surface of the primaries of antonio are two black bars the innermost of which is composed of two spots. In leilia, both bars are brown and are solid. In leilia, the eye spots on the undersurfaces of the forewing are pupilled with blue while in antonio they are pupilled with white. We find these characters constant, except that females of antonio some- times have the bars brown. * Contributions to the Natural History of the Lepidoptera of North America, Vol. II, No. 3, Page 99. 38 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb.. '47 Asterocampa clyton louisa new subspecies Freeman has collected a good series of this subspecies around Pharr. At first we treated these specimens as belonging to the subspecies subpallida B. & M. described from Arizona, although they did not conform too well to the pictures of the type of sub- pallida. Recently Lowell Hulbirt and Ralph Chermock loaned us their series of Arizona subpallida and it immediately became evident that the Pharr, Texas specimens were not subpallida nor did they belong" to the Texas subspecies texana Skinner. In addition to the specimens collected by Freeman, we have a single specimen from Victoria, Mexico that is like the Pharr specimens. We feel that these subtropical specimens merit subspecific status. This subspecies varies from the subspecies texana and subpallida by the apex of the upper surface of the primaries having a black ground color rather than the usual brown or purplish brown, the black being much heavier in the males. In this respect this sub- species resembles the species Asterocampa celtis B. & L. rather than clyton. The brown ground color of the remainder of the primaries and all of the secondaries is a dead yellow brown and riot the bright color of subpallida and texana. As a general re- sult the females of louisa have a washed out appearance. The light spots on the upper surfaces of the primaries of louisa are white (again like celtis) in contrast to the creamy coloring of texana and subpallida. On the undersurfaces the males of louisa resemble texana and the females resemble subpallida. This is not to be considered as an intergrade between subpallida and texana, due to the black apex of the forewings, above and the white of the spots on the forewings, above. Named in honor of Mr. Freeman's wife, Louise. Holotype: Male. Expanse 44 mm. Pharr, TEXAS, Oct. 22, 1945. Allotypc: Female. Expanse 62.5 mm. Pharr, TEXAS, Oct. 14, 1944. Paratypes: 13 males and 5 females. Collected by Freeman at Pharr, Texas: 9/29/44, 10/14/44, 3/10/45, 3/18/45, 3/21/45, 9/22/45 and 11/5/45 and 1 male collected at Victoria, MEXICO, Oct. 18th, 1940 by R. L. Turner. Types retained by the authors for the present. Paratypes divided between Freeman and the author's collection. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 39 Tliccla ccstri Reak. Freeman caught a single specimen at Pharr on March 25th, 1945. This species has not been re- corded previously from the U. S. Pictured by G. & S., Plate 58, Fig. 12-13 and by Seitz at Plate 1451. Tliccla yojoa Reak. (daraba Hew.). This hairstreak is also new to North American check lists. One male specimen caught by Freeman at Pharr, Texas on Dec. 12th, 1945. Seitz gives a fairly good figure on Plate 159k. See, also, "Diurnal Lepidop- tera" by Hewitson. Vol. 2, Plate 36, Fig. 89 and Plate 62, Fig. 424-425-426. Tliccla spitrina Hew. Freeman caught a female specimen of this new record at Pharr on Nov. 25th, 1945. Our small series of this species from Mexico shows considerable individual and seasonal variation. Seitz figures this species at Plate 152 h & i. Seitz lists the following names as synonyms : Stagira Hew., volana Hew., tiinaea Hew., lydia Ky. For further figures see Diurnal Lepidoptera by Hewitson, Vol. 2, Plate 51, Fig. 268-9; Plate 48, Fig. 225-6; Plate 43, Fig. 167. Plate 39, Fig. 120-1-2-3. Strymon clytie form hiem. macvia G. & S. The first winter form of clytie that we saw appeared so different from the sum- mer form that we first considered it a separate species. It was only after we had re-studied Strymon leda Edw. and its winter form incs Edw. that we realized that clytie also had a well-de- fined winter form. A study of the figure of maevia by G. & S. at Plate 58, Figs. 3 and 4, convinced us that this represented the winter form of clytie; hence we apply the name macvia. Many of the specimens caught by Freeman at Pharr, Tex. during Oct., Nov., Dec. and March are marked even more extremely than the figures of G. & S. Maevia generally may be distin- guished from clytie in the same manner that ines is distin- guished from Icda, i.e., more and darker blue above, darker ground color below with the markings more heavily defined. Strymon pastor B. & D. Considerable confusion has resulted with regard to this species, due to the fact that most authors (including Holland) have figured lonyuhi Hew. and called it pastor. Pastor belongs to the tailed ainvntor (Cramer) group 40 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '47 of hair-streaks. Freeman has collected a small series of what we now consider to be pastor at Brownsville during May and at Pharr during October. Our Mexican specimens of this group indicate that much work is needed in this group. This must wait until more specimens are available. Strymon simaethis sarita Skin. Further study of the Texas specimens of simaethis convinces us that the name sarita * Skin, should be applied to the Texas and North Mexican specimens. Sarita was described by Skinner from a single specimen caught in Comal County, Texas. Typical simaethis is found in the Antilles, type locality being St. Kitts, B. W. I. See Annals New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. XLV, Art. 2 (Lycaenidae of the Antilles) by Comstock and Huntington, page 73 and Plate 1, Fig. 6. The mainland race of Texas and Northern Mexico is dis- tinguished chiefly from typical simaethis on the undersurfaces. On the forewing the lower % erf the silver-white line bends in- ward on simaethis and on sarita the line bulges outward. On the secondaries the silver-white line of sarita is fairly straight across the wing until the V is formed at the bottom. In simae- this and the Jamaica subspecies jago C. & H. this line is very irregular. This line on the secondaries of sarita starts at the top of the wing at about the same place as the line does in jago, thus differing from typical simaetJiis in that respect. All of our Texas and Mexican specimens (with one exception) show the "swol- len" area in the middle of the silver-white line on the under- surfaces of the secondaries mentioned by Skinner. This "swel- ling" is the reason this line in sarita appears straight in constrast to the irregular line in simaethis and jago since the swelling fills in most of the angles. Strymon alcestis oslari Dyar. We collected a small series of this subspecies in the Davis Mts. of Texas at an elevation of 4800 feet on May 28th and 29th, 1946. Freeman had pre- viously caught a specimen in the same area in 1942. Oslari is distinguished from alcestis by the lighter ground color both above and below. We do not know of oslari being previously re- corded from Texas. * For Original Description see: ENT. NEWS 6 (4) : 112. April, 1895. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 41 Adopaeoides simplex Feld. A single specimen of this species was caught hy Don B. Stallings Jr. in the Davis Mts. of Texas (near Ft. Davis) on May 28th, 1946 at an elevation of 4700 feet. This genus and species are new to North American check lists. This species is well figured in G. & S., Plate 92, Figs. 30-33. Seitz gives rather poor figures on Plate 183d. This species re- sembles our Thymelicus lineola Ochs, which was imported from Europe during the last century. We are indebted to Mr. Free- man for the final determination. Pseudohasis chinaticnsis Tinkham. We collected a small se- ries of this species near Dryden, Texas on Oct. 26th, 1946. This colorful moth was flying in association with Megathymus marine B. &B. On Some Millipeds from Micronesia By RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN, University of Utah The new diplopods here described are represented by speci- mens collected on several islands of Micronesia by Dr. H. K. Towns in 1946 (May-Sept.). Also represented are the tropico- politan milliped OrthoniorpJia coarctata (Saussure) and the centiped Scolopendra subspinipes Leach. Types of the new forms are for the present retained by the author. SPIROBOLIDAE Genus TRUCOBOLUS, new A genus of the Spirobolidae in which the completely separated posterior gonopods show no sign of subdivision and are distally in the form of moderately narrow blades which are distally blunt. Anterior gonopods distally entire, not furcate. Sternite of anterior gonopods a well developed plate. Repugnatorial pores upon the prozonites, lying slightly in front of the posterior sulcus. Labral foveolae 2 + 2. In the male the coxae of the third and fourth legs with short processes, those of the fifth with long, forwardly-directed processes. 42 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '47 GENEROTYPE Tnicobolus tozvnesi, new species Superficially distinguished from Spirobolus in having the supralabral foveolae 2 + 2 instead of 4 + 4, while in the' male it is very distinct in the form of both posterior and anterior gono- pods as well as in the coxal processes of the anterior legs. EXPLANATION OF FIGURES 1. Tnicobolus toivncsi, n. sp. Left posterior gonopod, caudal view. 2. The same, anterior gonopods, cephalic aspect. 3. The same, lower end of collum and of second tergite, viewed from right side. 4. The same, coxae and process of third to sixth pairs of legs of male, ventral aspect. 5. Apoxenus floricolcns, n. sp. Anterior end, dorsal view. 6. The same, posterior segments, dorsal view. 7. Polyconoccras lissior, n. sp. Sco- bina. 8. Triyonhilus titayalus, n. sp. Anterior gonopods. cephalic aspect. 9. The same, left posterior gonopod, caudal aspect. 10. The same, right posterior gonopod, distal aspect. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 43 Trucobolus townesi, new species In color strongly annulate, the metazonites varying from light yellowish brown to a deeper orange color, while the exposed portion of the prozonites is dark brown to black. 8 The supralabral foveolae 2 + 2, the two on each side widely separated, well impressed. Antennae comparatively short and stout, distally somewhat compressed, the cross-section of the 44 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '47 sixth article elliptical. Eyes large, convex behind but presenting a subrectangular angle adjacent to antennal socket. Ocelli in six subvertical curved series, e.g., 4, 6, 7, 9, 9, 10. Collum strongly narrowed down each side, the lower ends of the form shown in the figure. The lower anterior border up to level of the eye set off by a submarginal sulcus, no other sulci being evident. On the ordinary somites the sulcus is fine but distinct through- out, this excurved opposite the slightly removed pore. Surface smooth, with longitudinal striae evident only beneath. Last tergite rounded caudally, a little surpassed by the anal valves. Valves with mesal borders strongly compressed and elevated, the elevated border set off by a shallow depression or furrow. In the male the fourth legs and especially their claws are re- duced in size. The coxal processes of the fifth legs long, sub- cylindrical, abruptly bent forward at base and contiguous with each other, lying against the lower ends of the processes of the fourth legs and with their distal ends fitting against the posterior sides of the processes of the third legs (fig. 4). The anterior and posterior gonopods are of the forms repre- sented in figures 1, 2 and 3. Number of segments mostly 49-51. Diameter, 3.4 mm. Locality. Micronesia : Turk Atoll at Fefan. Eighteen speci- mens representing both sexes were taken by Henry K. Townes on May 27, 1946. RHINOCRICIDAE Polyconoceras lissior, new species Exposed area of prozonites mostly dark brown, nearly choco- late colored but the sides especially yellowish or olive yellow an- teriorly and over covered portion ; metazonites dark reddish. Legs 'dark purple. Head smooth and shining. Median longitudinal sulcus in- terrupted at level of antennal sockets. Eyes about two and a half times their diameter apart ; ocelli in 8 longitudinal series, e.g., 3, 5, 5, 6, 7, 7, 6, 5. Clypeal foveolae 2 +2 . Sensory cones of antennae numerous. Collum narrowly margined with a fine sulcus about lower end and up to level of eye, otherwise smooth and shining. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 45 Ordinary tergites very smooth and shining, showing no im- pressed sulcus or furrow across dorsum or down the sides but a shallow furrow in its place below ; no longitudinal striae ex- cept beneath. Scobina small, entire area depressed but anterior portion deep, pit-like and of semicircular form, the striae of posterior portion very fine ; widely separated ; disappearing at about 29th segment. (See fig. 7.) Last tergite with a transverse depression or furrow setting off the triangular caudal portion ; exceeded by the mesally strongly compressed anal valves. Number of segments, 56. Length, 100 mm. ; width, 9.9 mm. Locality. Micronesia: Palau group, Arakabesan. One fe- male taken by Townes July 18, 1946 in tree crotch in damp na- tive forest. "This specimen exuded a copious brown caustic liquid when disturbed. The liquid had a very caustic odor, something like HCN. On the skin it immediately made a brown stain which soon turned to a purplish brown." While the male is unknown, I believe this species can be rec- ognized from the peculiarities of the scobina and the absence of segmental sutural sulci and other sculpturing on the tergites. TRIGONIULIDAE Trigoniulus utagalus, new species Color dark brown to nearly black in front of posterior sulcus on each segment, the color behind this sulcus light brown or yellowish but the darker often spreading more or less over this lighter band above. Legs light brown, somtimes more or less ferruginous. Head light brown or yellowish except over vertex. Frons and clypeus crossed by the usual deep median sulcus. Clypeal foveolae 2 + 2. Eyes large, about once and a half their diameter apart. Collum extending below to about the same level as the second tergite. Segments a little constricted along the sharply defined prin- cipal sulcus, the constriction more marked on the sides and be- low than dorsally. Pore on the prozonite close to the sulcus which is but little curved at its level. Striae on prozonites 46 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '47 present to level of pore, those on metazonite not extending but part way up the side. Last tergite without cross furrow, rounded behind and ex- ceeded by the evenly inflated valves. The features of the gonopods, by which the species is best distinguished, are shown in figures 8, 9, and 10. Number of segments, 45. Diameter, up to 3 mm. Locality. Palm Group: Woleai Atoll, Utagal. About a dozen specimens taken July 28, 1946, by Henry E. Townes, who writes that the milliped is abundant on the atoll. The types are female and partly immature specimens with the ex- ception of the holotype, which is an adult male. POLYXENIDAE Genus APOXENUS, new Agreeing in most features with Monographis, but differing in having the setae of the caudal segment in three pencils, the principal one composed of fine silky hairs part of which are hooked, while the two smaller ones are composed of long, much coarser, setae similar to those of the pleural and dorsal whorls of the other segments. In addition there is the usual series of shorter setae along the caudal margin of the tergite. GENEROTYPE Apoxenus floricolens, new species. Apoxenus micronesius, new species Yellow above with a dark purple mark along caudal border of each segment each side of middle and down the sides, this band joined by a similarly colored mark at right angles to it on each side of tergite. The setae also more or less partaking of this color excepting their tips. Finer purple markings on the venter. Legs and antennae also tinged with purple. Body composed of head and eleven segments. Pairs of legs, 13. The setae of all segments of one type excepting for varia- tion in length and no true scales present (figs. 5, 6). In ad- dition to the whorls of setae on the nine pairs of pleural proc- esses, the setae at each side of each tergite are arranged in a group or whorl, the setae between these two dorsal whorls being shorter and more or less in transverse series. Last segment with a caudally directed single brush of long, Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 47 densely set setae and a pair of smaller brushes of setae arising on dorsal side and directed caudodorsad (fig. 6). The penes of the male are very thick, proportionately short conical bodies. Length (including caudal setae), 3 mm. Locality. Micronesia: Ailinglapalap Atoll, Bigatyelang Is. Five specimens, including two adult males, taken Sept. 25, 1946, by H. E. Townes "between calyx and radicle of Bruguiera while still on tree." The five specimens were taken from one calyx. A New Macrosiphum from Chrysothamnus By GEORGE F. KNOWLTON, Utah State Agricultural College, Logan The following report deals with an apparently undescribed species of aphid of the genus Macrosiphum. In addition, distri- bution records are given for a few species of aphids collected from rabbitbrush. Macrosiphum aaroni n. sp. Alatc vivipara: Color black to blackish ; antennae and most of legs black or at least dusky ; head and antennal I paler than thoracic lobes and balance of antennae ; antennal tubercles mod- erately prominent ; ocular tubercles present ; body 2.63 mm. long ; antennae about 3.67 mm. long; antennal III, .85 to .89 mm. with 34 to 40 sensoria ; IV, .71 to .75, without sensoria; V, .65 to .68 ; VI, .15 plus 1.01 mm. long; rostrum slightly exceeds second coxae; rostral IV + V slenderly obtuse, .173 mm. long; wing venation normal, media of front wing twice branched ; blackish patches on lateral margins of abdomen ; prominent abdominal hairs have blackish area at base; cornicles black, largely cylin- drical, .71 mm. long with distal approximately .16 mm. reticu- lated ; cauda pale, .522 mm. long, very slightly constricted be- yond base, with 7 or 8 hairs on each side ; anal plate pale and broadly rounded. Collection: Taken on rabbitbrush, Chrysothamnus mutseosus at Honeyville, Utah, September 13, 1927 by G. F. Knowlton. Type in the collection of the writer. 48 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '47 Taxonomy: Macrosiphum aaroni n. sp. resembles Macrosi- phum kosacaudis (Knit.), from which it differs in darker gen- eral color, pale cauda, more rounded anal plate and black patches on sides of abdominal segments. RECORDS FROM RABBITBRUSH Capitophorus chlorophainus K.-S. on Chrysothamnus nauseo- sus var. lanceolatus, Beaver Canyon, Utah, July 29, 1945. C. elongatus Knit, on Chrysothamnus greeni at Leeds, Utah, August 1942 ; Antelope Valley, Nevada, July 1926 ; on C. parryi var. typicus at Delta, Utah, July 1945 ; on C. parryi, Wildcat Canyon, Utah, July 11, 1945. C. gregarius Knit, on Chrysothamnus nauseosus, 12 mi. north- west of Reno, Nevada, and Mono, California, July 23, 1944 (Knowlton) ; Y-Mt., east of Provo, Utah, July 12, 1945 (C. L. Hay ward). C. magnautensis K.-S. on Chrysothainniis viscidiflorus var. linijolius, Ft. Duchesne, Utah, July 14, 1927; Myton, Utah, August 15, 1942; on C. viscidiflorus at Sisters, Oregon, August 24, 1944. C. oestlmidi Knit, on Chrysothainniis viscidiflorus var. elegans, La Point, Utah, July 25, 1945 ; on C. nauseosus at Declo, Idaho, June 9, 1935 ; Winnemucca, Nevada, July 24, 1944 ; on C. greeni, Leeds, Utah, August 9, 1936; Ontario, Oregon, June 17, 1939; on C. nauseosus at Buchanan, Oregon, August 25, 1944; and Spokane, Washington, August 9, 1944. C. palmerae Knit, on Chrysothamnus nauseosus at Truckee, Mono and Boca, California, July 23, 1944; at 8, 12 and 13 miles northwest of Reno, Nevada, July 23, 1944, on C. nauseosus var. gnaphalodes. C. utensus P.-K. on Clirysotliainints viscidiflorus var. steno- phyllus, Trout Creek, Utah, August 6, 1945 ; on C. viscidiflorus at Ontario and Pleasant Valley, Oregon, June 17, 1939; C. vis- cidiflorus var. linifolius, Bryce Canyon, Utah, September 1939. C. xer.osoous K.-S. on Chrysothamnus greeni, Fillmore, Utah, July 9, 1942; on C. wyomingensis, Logan Canyon, Utah. Sep- tember 23, 1934 (T. O. Thatcher) ; C. nauseosus, Uinta, Utah, July 18, 1937. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 49 Obituary Mr. Samuel Francis Aaron, usually known to entomolo- gists as S. Frank Aaron, custodian of insects at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1884-85. died at Pipersville, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, on January 15, 1947. He was born at Mt. Holly, New Jersey, March 5, 1862, and is known for his published work on Psocidae, Chrysididae and popular articles on natural history in many journals. We hope to publish a more extended account of his life in a later number of the NEWS. Notes and News in Entomology Under this heading we present, from time to time, notes, news, and comments. Contributions from readers are earnestly solicited and will be acknowledged when used. Revision of Australian Locusts. At the request of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research of the Common- wealth of Australia, Mr. James A. G. Rehn, Curator of Insects of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, is now engaged in preparing for publication by that body, a systematic analysis of the locusts (Acridoidea) of Australia and Tasmania. The extensive locust collections which have been assembled at Canberra, through the energy of Dr. K. H. L. Key, Senior Entomologist of the Council, are being sent in sections to Mr. Rehn for study, and the preparation of a revision of the Aus- tralian forms of these important insects is already well under way. Certain series of these insects belonging to a number of American institutions have also been made available for use in this connection. In order to make this study as fully compre- hensive and as basic as possible Mr. Rehn would appreciate the opportunity to study at this time any considerable series of Australian representatives of these insects which may exist in other collections, both institutional or private. Mr. I\ehn would be happy to hear from any entomologists who may be in a position to aid in this work by the loan of such relevant col- lections. 50 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '47 As the material which is being made available for examina- tion contains types and paratypes of many species described from Australia in the past half century, the opportunity for physical comparison of other representations with these is one seldom presented. Current Entomological Literature COMPILED BY CHARLES HODGE IV, RAYMOND Q. BLISS, EDWIN T. MOUL, MAURICE E. PHILLIPS AND JOHN W. H. REHN AND HENRY K. TOWNES, JR. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrele- vant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species will be recorded. This list gives references of the current or preceding year unless otherwise noted. Continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installment. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record, Office of Ex- periment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Entomology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. NOTE: The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper ap- peared, as numbered in the List of periodicals and serials published in our January and June issues. The number of the volume, and in some cases, the part, heft, &c. is followed by a colon (:). References to papers containing new forms or names not so stated in titles are followed by (*); if containing keys are followed by (k); papers pertaining exclusively to Neotropical species, and not so indicated in the title, have the symbol (S). Papers published in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS are not listed. GENERAL Beamer, Lucy I'll tell you how. [43] 19: 127-29. Beaumont, B. F. Fabre's "Souvenirs Ento- mologiques" with references to translations of this and other Fabre literature in English. [28] 83: 4-8. Chagnon, G. Les insectes de la Niege. [55] 73: 436-37. Fennah, R. G. On the formation of species and genera in the insect fauna of the Lesser Antillean Archipelago. [68] 21 : 73-80. Knowlton and Nye Some insect food of the sage sparrow. [43] 19: 139. Lewis, H. L. Priority and its limitation. [28] 83: 16-17. Peterson, A. Laboratory tests showing the effect of DDT on several important parisitic insects. [58] 46: 323-26. Salmon, J. T. Portable apparatus for the extraction from leaf mould of Collembola and other minute organisms. [Dominion Mus. Records in Ent., Wel- lington, N. Z.] 1: 13-18, ill. Shwanwitsch, B. N. On the system of Pterygota insects. [22] 52: 185-88. Swezey, O. H. Insects .of Guam II. [B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull.] 189: 1-237. Tulloch, G. S. DDT a new weapon in in- sect control. [18 j 41 : 162-63. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 51 ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, MEDICAL Beament, J. W. L. Formation and structure of the chorion of the egg in an hemipteran, Rhoclnius prolixus. [74] 87: 393-439, ill. Emden, F. I. Egg-bursters in some more families of polyphagous beetles and some general remarks on egg- bursters. [68] 21: 89-97. Emme, A. M. Removal of embryonic diapause in Bombyx mori L. by applying sub- lethal thermal treatment. [22] 52: 645-48. Graziansky, V. I. Non-hereditary variation in Drosophila melanogaster as influenced by density of larval population. [22] 52: 73- 76. Iljiskaya, M. I. The mechanism of insecticidal action and the permeability of the cuticle of insects. [22] 51 : 557-60. Lombardini, G. Contribute alia conoscenza della morfologia dei Demodicidae. [106] 28: 89-102, ill. 1942. Ludvigh, E. Visibility of the deer fly in flight. [80] 105 : 176-77. Mer, Birnbaum and Aioub The attraction of mosquitoes by human beings. [61] 38: 1-9. Pogossianz, H. E. On the problem of the so-called tumours in Dro- sophila. [22] 52: 255-58. Power, M. E. An experimental study of the neurogenetic relationship between optic and antennal sensory areas in the brain of Drosophila melano- gaster. [41] 103: 424-61, ill. Pryor, Russell and Todd- Protocatechnic acid, the substance responsible for the hard- ening of the cockroach ootheca. [Biochemical Jour.] 40: 627-28. Schmieder and Whiting Reproductive economy in the chalcidoid wasp Melittobia. [Genetics] 32: 29-37. Scott, T. L. Bee anatomy. [51] 6: 133-38, ill. Shirck, F. H. Growth of the sugarbeet wire worm on different food plants. [37] 39: 648-51. Slizynski, B. M. Produc- tion of structural changes in somatic chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. [53] 159: 66-67. Tirelli, M. Egg and eye color in mutant silkworms. [42] 37: 377-83, ill. Webb, J. E. Structure of the cuticle in Eomena- canthus stramineus (Mallophaga). [61] 38: 70-71, ill. White, M. J. D. The cytology of the Cecidomyidae. III. The spermatogenesis of Taxomyia taxi. [44] 80: 1-24, ill. Zivin, M. O. Effect of Acenaphthene upon non-disjunction of sex chromosomes in Drosophila melanogaster. [22] 52: 351-52; Influence of thymonucleic acid upon Drosophila melanogaster. [22] 52:263-64. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA Baker, E. W.- Some Tydeidae (Acarina) from the fig tree (Ficus carica). [104] 4: 255-61 (*), ill. Chamberlin'and Ivie Spiders of Alaska. [Bull. Univ. Utah Biol. Series] 10: 5-103 (*), ill. Jones, B. Impregnating polyvinyl alcohol with picric acid 52 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '47 for the simultaneous staining and permanent mounting of Acarina. [68] 21 : 85-86. Keifer, H. H. A review of N. A. economic Eriophyid mites. [37] 39: 563-70. Milne, A.- Ecology of the sheep tick, Ixodes ricinus. Aspects of activity, seasonal and diurnal ; infestations of hill sheep. [61] 38: 27-50. Schubart, O. -Cambalopsis nordquisti Attenis da Asia oriental, habitante do distrito federal do Brasil (Diplopoda). [Ill] 6: 395-406, (k), ill. Schubart, O. Contribuicao ao conhecimento do genero Leptodesmus (Diplopoda). [7] 18: 165-209, ill. Scares, H. E. M.- Contribuicao ao estudo dos opilioes do estado do Rio de Janeiro (Gonyleptidae, Phalangodidae). [HI] 6: 385-90 (k*), ill. Turk, F. A. Studies of acari. IV. Review of lung mites of snakes. [61] 38: 17-26 (k*), ill. Turk, F. A. On two new false scorpions of the genera Tridencti- thonius and Microcreagris. [6] 13: 64-70. Vazquez, L. Ixodes scuticrenatus, una especie nueva de Garrapata de Mexico (Ixodidae). [8] 17: 237-45, ill. SMALLER ORDERS Bishopp, F. C. How to control fleas. [U. S. D. A. Leaflet] 152: 1-4, ill. Busvire, J. R.- On the pigmentation of the body louse Pediculus humanus L. [68] 21: 98-103. Calvert, P. P. A new species of Brazilian Libellulinae and its nearest allies. [16] 69: 1-4, ill. Clancy, D. W. The insect parasites of the Chryso- pidae (Neuroptera). [91] 7: 403-96, ill. Hickin, N. E.- Larvae of the British Trichoptera. [88] 97: 187-212, ill. Ricker, W. E. Some prairie stoneflies (Plecoptera). [87] 26: 3-8. Webb, J. E. (See Anatomy.) Wright, M.- Notes on nymphs of the dragonfly genus Helocordulia Needham. [58] 46: 337-39 (k). ORTHOPTERA Michelmore, A. P. C. Habits and control of the red locust in outbreak areas and elsewhere. [19] 37: 331-79. Pryor, Russell and Todd (See under Anatomy.) Roberts, H. R. Melanoplus plebejus, includ- ing 2 new subspecies. [109] 188: 1-6, ill. HEMIPTERA Beament, J. W. L. (See under Anat- omy.) Beamer, R. H. A new species of Stenocranus and notes on a Bakerella (Delphacinae). [43] 19: 137-38, ill.; Some new species of Delphacodes (Delphacinae). [43] 19: 139-44. Black and Oman Parthenogenesis in a leaf hop- per, Agallia quadripunctata (Cicadellid). [65] 49: 19-20. Caldwell, J. S. New Acanaloniidae from Mexico. [18] 41: 164-65. Callan, E. McC. Cotton stainers (Dysdercus spp.) in the West Indies. [19] 37: 389-91. China, W. E. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 53 New Cryptostemmalidae from British West Indies. [69] 15: 148-54. Doering and Shepherd Some new species of the genus Mistharnophantia, Kirkaldy (Fulgorid). [43] 19: 111-27, ill. Egbert, A. M. A " new corixid from Georgia. [43] 19: 133-35, ill. Hsiao, T-Y The genus Eccritotarsus with descriptions of a new genus and two species (Mirid). [65] 49: 59-62; A new genus and species of Miridae from Guatemala. [65] 49: 63-65, ill. Hsiao and Sailer The orchid bugs of the genus Tenthecoris Scott (Mirids). [48] 37: 64-72 (k*), ill. Jacob, F. H An ac- count of a black aphid, Doralis fabae (Scop.) subsp. armata (Hausmann), found on Digitalis purpurea L. [19] 37: 431-37, ill. Knowlton, G. F. A new Macrosiphum from Zion National Park. [18] 41: 158-61; Aphid field notes. [18] 41: 166-67. Metcalf, Z. P. Center of origin theory. [38] 62: 149-76, ill. (Homoptera). Monte, O Revisao do genero Leptocysta (Tingid). [Ill] 6: 325-31 (k*), ill. Osborn and Knull Check list of Ohio leafhoppers (Cica- dellid). [58] 46: 329-36. Sailer, R. I. Dysdercus bi- maculatus restored (Pyrrhocorid). [65] 49: 15-19. Ser- vadei, A. Sulla presenza in Albania della Ceresa bubalus, F. e la sua diffusione in Europa. [106] 28: 1-10, ill. (1942). Wygodzinsky, P. Sobre um novo genero e uma nova especie de microphysidae do Brasil (Cimicoidea). [Ill] 6: 333-40. ill. LEPIDOPTERA Bell and Bell Some records of a light-trap. [30] 273-75. Clarke, J. F. G. Notes on Oecophoridae, with descriptions of new species. [48] 37 : 2-18, ill. Comstock, J. A. A few pests of sunflower in California. [21] 141-44, ill.; Phlegethontius rustica Fabr. in California (Sphingid). [21] 145^7, ill. Emme, A. M. -(See under Anatomy.) McDunnough, J. Notes on the Ericoides-Duplicis group of the genus Coleophora (Cole- ophovid). [23] 78: 147-53. ill. Satterthwait and Swain- The sunflower moth and some of its natural enemies. [37] 39: 575-80. Stallings and Turner New American butter- flies. [23] 78: 134-37, ill. Tirelli, M. (See under Anat- omy.) Travassos, L. Contribuicao ao conhecimento dos Arctiidae. XI. Genero Utetheisa Hiibner. Yerificacao de U. pulchella, no nordeste do Brasil. [Ill] 6: 343-54, ill. Vazquez, L. Descripcion de dos especies nuevas de anaea del grupo Excellens (Nymphalid). [8] 17: 231-35. ill. DIPTERA Alexander, C. P. Records and descriptions of Mexican crane-flies (Tipulids). [104] 4: 213-53 (*). ill. Barretto, M. P. Uma nova especie de flebotomo do estado 54 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '47 cle Goias, Brasil, e chave para determinacao das especies afins (Psychodid). [Ill] 6: 427-34 (k), ill. Basden, E. B. -Breeding the housefly in the laboratory. [19] 37: 381- 87, ill. Bates, M. The stratification of mosquitoes in cages. [26] 28: 80-81. Bequaert, J. Cuterebra larvae in a domestic cat in Indiana. [18] 41: 154; Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito in Arizona. [18] 41: 157; Neorhynchocephalus volaticus in lower California (Nemes- trinid). [18] 41: 167. Buren, W. F. Some observations on the larval habitat of Psorophora varipes. [52] 6: 120- 21. Chang, H. T. Studies on the use of fluorescent dyes for marking Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say. [52] 6: 122- 25. Dodge, H. R. Identification of Anopheles bradleyi larvae. [52] 6: 125-26. Frota Pessoa, O. Bunostoma brasiliensis n. sp. (Drosophilid). [Summa Brasiliensis Biologiae] 1 : 175-78, ill. Geijskes, D. C. Notes on the Neotropical Anophelinae in Moengo, Surinam. [52] 6: 113-18, 1946. Graziansky, V. I. (See under Anatomy.) Grensted, L. W. Diptera in the spathes of Arum macu- latum. [28] 83: 1-3. Hardy, D. Elmo Nomenclature notes on the family Dorilaidae (Pipunculidae). [43] 19: 135-37. King and Hoogstraal Two new species of Culex (Neoculex) from New Guinea. |65] 49: 65-69, ill. Lud- vigh, E. (See under Anatomy.) Malogolowkin, C. Sobre o genero Rhinoleucophenga com descricao de cinco especies novas (Prosophilid). [Ill] 6: 415-26 (k), ill. Mer, Birnbaum and Aioub (See under Anatomy). Pagos- sianz, H. E. (See under Anatomy.) Power, M. E. (See under Anatomy.) Satchell, G. H. Larvae of the British species of Psychoda. [61] 38: 51-69 (k), ill. Shaw, F. R. Some observations on the genus Leptomorphus with a description of a new subspecies. [18] 41 : 155-57. Slizyn- ski, B. M. (See under Anatomy.) Stage and McKinley A preliminary list of mosquitoes occurring in the vicinity of Nome, Alaska. [52] 6: 131. Steyskal, G. C. The genus Diacrita Gerstaecker (Otitidae). [18] 41: 149-54 (*), ill.; The mating behavior of Tachytrechus vorax, T. moechus, and Gymnopternus barbatulus (Dolichopodids). [18] 41: 168-69. Travis, B. V. Three spp. of flies pre- daceous on mosquito larvae. [65] 49: 20-21. White, M. J. D. (See under Anatomy.) Zivin, M. O. (See under Anatomy.) COLEOPTERA Arnett, R. H., Jr. Coleoptera notes I: Silphidae. [23] 78: 131-34. Barber, H. S. Correction of name of tortoise beetles (Chrysomelid). [18] 41: 161. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 55 Blake, D. H. The spp. of Myochrous from the West In- dies. [65] 49: 22-28 (*). Buchanan, L. L. A correction and two new races in Graphognathus (Curculionid). [48] 37: 19-22 (k), ill. Buchanan, L. L. Hickory curculios of the genus conotrachelus. [65] 49: 41-54 (k*), ill. Clancy, D. W. (See under Smaller Orders.) Dieke, G. H. Lady- beetles of the genus Epilachua in Asia, Europe and Aus- tralia. [82] 106: 1-183 (*), ill. Emden, F. L (See under Anatomy.) Guerin, J. Descricao de uma nova especie de Clytridae do Brasil. [Ill] 6: 391-93, ill. Guerin, J.- Notas informativas e descricao de novas especies de Eroty- lidae. [Ill] 6: 365-72, ill. La Rivers, I. An annotated list of Carabinae known to occur in Nevada. [21] 45 : 133- 40. Loffin, U. C. Living with the boll weevil for fifty years. [Smith. Report, 1945] 273-92, ill. Pierce, W. D.- Fossil arthropods of California : Exploring the minute \vorld ,.of the Cal. asphalt deposits; Description of the dung beetles ^ (Scarabaeidae) of the tar pits; Description of a Sericine beetle from the tar pits. [21 ]/\J 13-32, ill. Rees, Bryant E. Taxonomy of the larvae of some N. A. spp. of the genus Dermestes. [65] 49: 1-14 (k), ill. Sanderson, M. W. A new genus of Nearctic Staphylinidae. [43] 19: 130-33 (k), ill. Sankey, J. H. P. Humus as a possible food of wireworms (Agriotes spp.). [28] 83: 20-22. Shirck, F. H. (See under Anatomy.) Zimmerman, E. C. New Amblycnemus from the Philippines, Borneo, and Java (Carculionid). [Occasional papers Bishop Mus., Hawaii] 18: 194-98 (*), ill. HYMENOPTERA Brown, N. R. Studies on parasites of the spruce budworm, Archips fumiferana. 2. Life his- tory of Glypta fumiferanae (Ichneumonid). [23] 78: 138- 47," ill. Clancy, D. W. (See under Smaller Orders.) Gahan, A. B. Review of .some chalcidoid genera related to Cerocephala. [71] 349-76 (k*), ill. Hambleton, J. L- The indispensable honeybee. [Smith. Report, 1945] 293- 304, ill. O'Rourke, F. J. Rate of progression in ants. [29] 59: 2-3. Pate, V. S. L. New North American Belo- micrus (Sphecid). [65] 49: 54-58, ill. Schmieder and Whiting. (See under Anatomy.) Scott, T. L. (See un- der Anatomy.) Servadei, A. Contributi alia conoscenza dell'entomofauna delle leguminose foraggere. Pteronidea myosotidis F. (Symphyta). [106] 27: 93-134. ill. (1941). Smith, M. R. Ants of the genus Cryptocerus in the U. S. [65] 49: 29-40 (k). Whiting, P. W. A strongly inter- sexual female in Habrobracon. [12| 91 : 243-46. ill. This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and, only when necessary those at the top (being longest in) are discontinued. Lepidoptera -Wanted, Hyloicus (Sphinx) and other Sphingidae in exchange for U. S. and Wisconsin Lepidoptera. Wm. E. Sicker, 119 Monona Ave., Madison 3, Wisconsin. Hymenoptera-Aculeata (except ants and bees) and Ichneumonidae for exchange or purchase. Will collect any order in exchange. D. G. 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Knight and Laffoon The oriental spp. of the Aedes (Finlaya) Kochi group (72: 203-225, 3 pis., 1946) 70 THE BIOLOGY AND IDENTIFICATION OF TRYPETID LARVAE By VENIA TARRIS PHILLIPS Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, No. 12, 161 pp., 16 pis., 1946 This is a comprehensive work describing and figuring the important characteristics of the larvae of forty five species of American fruit flies (Diptera). An indispensible work for economic en- tomologists. It includes a glossary of the terms used in the descriptions; a list of 442 species of the family, with their known hosts; a list of their host plants; and an extensive bibliography. The plates contain 192 exquisitely executed figures. Price $5.00 (postpaid, domestic delivery) U. S. Currency, remittance must accompany order. HYMENOPTERA 1132. Pate (V. S. L.) The generic names of the spider wasps (Psammocharidae olim Pbmpilidae) and their type spp. (72:65-137,1946) 1.80 ORTHOPTERA 1128. Rehn (J. A. G.) One new gen. and six new spp. of Central American and Colombian Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera) (72: 1-26, 2 pis., 1946) 75 COLEOPTERA 1133. Benesh (B.) A systematic revision of the Holarctic gen. Platycerus Geoffroy (72: 139-202, 5 pis., 1946) 1.90 1129. Dillon (L. S. & E. S.) Review of the Onocephalini (Ceram- bicidae) (72: 27-48, 1 pi., 1946) 65 1131. Green (J. W.) A new sp. of Enochrus (Hydrophilidae) (72: 61-64, figs., 1946) 20 1130. Robinson (M.) Studies in the Scarabaeidae III (72: 49-59, 1946) 30 LEPIDOPTERA 1125.- Jones (F. M.) Platoeceticus Packard, and a remarkable n. sp. of the genus (Psychidae) (71 : 99-124, 4 pis., 1945) 75 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS MARCH 1947 Vol. LVIII No. 3 CONTENTS "" UATL. WtfS, Albert Injury to eye by walking stick 57 Arnett Epiperipatus braziliensis 59 Alexander Western crane-flies, Part VII 61 Groskin Nocturnal activities of ants 67 Steyskal Notes on Lauxaniidae 72 Moeck A new subspecies of Speyeria w 73 Notes and News in Entomology 76 Entomological Literature 78 Review Insect Microbiology .83 PUBLISHED MONTHLY, EXCEPT AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER. BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY PRINCE AND LEMON STS., LANCASTER, PA. AND THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA 3, PA. Subscription, per yearly volume of ten numbers: $3.00 domestic; $3.30 foreign; $3.15 Canada. Entered as second-class matter April 19, 1943, at the post office at Lancaster, Pa., under the Act of March 3, 1879. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage prescribed for in Section 1, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized January 15, 1921. 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LVIII MARCH, 1947 No. 3 Another Case of Injury to the Human Eye by the Walking Stick, Anisomorpha (Phasmidae) By RICHARD O. ALBERT, University of Texas, School of Medicine, Galveston, Texas On the evening of Sunday, 18 August, 1946, I was rambling around in the woods at the Galveston County Fair Grounds near League City, Texas. A small bayou was nearby, and the lowlands here had a grove of large trees, mostly oak, and a rather heavy undergrowth of vines, weeds, etc. \Yhen my two friends and I chanced upon the decaying stump of a tree lying in the undergrowth, curiosity dictated that I turn it over to see what was underneath. I noted a spider or two, and then my attention was attracted by a large grey-brown insect about three or four inches long sitting quietly on the under surface of the overturned stump. Closer observation revealed it to be not one insect but a pair in copulation. The female was large and fat compared to the male, who was only about two-thirds as long as she was, and much thinner. He was on her back, with the caudal end of his abdomen curled down on the right side of her abdomen, the tip fastened to her genital pore on the ventral side. When I touched the insects, the female started moving around rapidly, but the male seemed content just to sit and ride, only occasionally moving a leg or an antenna. After a moment the female stopped moving. On both insects I noted a tiny knob or protuberance on the dorsolateral surface of the prothorax, on the extreme anterior portion, but paid no particular attention to these structures at the time. I touched the insects again, and the female ran around for a moment and again stopped. >ittiiiL; quietly with the male on her back. (57) 58 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '47 I became more and .more aware of a strong odor in the air, not pleasant, but not extremly unpleasant. In my opinion, it more nearly resembled the odor of the musk glands of the com- mon garter snake than anything else I could think of. To make sure the odor was produced by the insects, I put my face down close to them to sniff. When it was still eight or ten inches away from the insects, however, I felt several tiny droplets of fluid strike me in the face, not all at once but in quick succession. I did not see the droplets at all, only felt them as they touched me. One or more struck me in the left eye, and in about four seconds I began to experience a severe burning sensation in that eye, with lacrimation. Blepharospasm became so pronounced that I could not keep the eye open. By great effort I could open it a little, but the muscle spasm was so severe that it closed the eyelids again almost immediately. These reactions continued for some twenty minutes and then the burning pain, lacrimation and blepharospasm began to de- crease in severity. The conjunctiva of the affected eye had become quite hyperemic by this time, but I could hold the eye open for short intervals now. I examined the insects again not getting my face too close to them, however in an attempt to discover the source of ejection of the droplets. The only pos- sibility seemed to be the tiny projections before mentioned, so we looked at them closely and touched them with a twig. They appeared wet, and bubbled very slightly when we touched them. We saw no droplets fly out, but noted that a rather thick, tena- cious white material on them seemed to increase in amount at times, as though more were being secreted. When all this w T as wiped off, the protuberance appeared to have a tiny depression in the center, as though leading do\vn into a duct. These pro- tuberances were about alike in the male and female, except that they were larger and more prominent in the female. I con- cluded that they were the source of the toxic substance that had gotten into my eye. I carried the insects in a paper cup until I found an empty whiskey bottle beside the road, to which bottle they were then transferred, still in copulation. My eye felt much better and, Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 59 about forty minutes after first receiving the droplets in my eye, I reached some water and washed it out with plain water. By that time only a little burning sensation remained though hy- peremia was still marked. I did not notice any reaction from the few droplets that struck the face in places other than the eye. By the next morning the conjunctiva was only very slightly hyperemic. All symptoms had completely subsided. I took the insects to my good friend, Professor R. W. Strandt- mann of the University of Texas School of Medicine in Gal- veston. We kept them several days without knowing what to feed them. When bananas were tried, the female seemed to eat some, but the insects did not look too happy, even though they were still in coitus and had been ever since I had found them. After three days the male died and after four days the female died, still in copulation. The insects were subsequently identified by Dr. A. B. Gurney of the U. S. National Museum as Anisoinorplm ferniyincd (Beauv.). He added that this species is very similar to A. buprestoides (Stoll) and may eventually prove to be the same .as that species. The injury to the eye, though painful, was much less severe and of much shorter duration than the case reported by Stewart l who gave an account of a similar incident in which vision was impaired for about five days. Epiperipatus braziliensis (Bouvier) en Barro Colo- ado Island, Canal Zone By Ross H. ARNETT, JR., Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. The interesting note regarding the habitat of Pcripatns pub- lished by Prof. W. A. Hilton (1) brought to mind observations made by Mr. K. E. Frick and the author in late November 1944 on Barro Colorado Island, C. Z. 1 Stewart, M. A. Phasmid injury to the human eye. Can. Ent. 69: .84-86, 1937. 60 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '47 While in search of beetles in decaying logs, we encountered several specimens of Onychophora, determined as Epiperipatus brasiliensis (Bouvier) (2). Of the many logs broken open, only two or three contained Onychophora. These logs were very damp. They were located high on the island, far from the drainage streams. Here the specimens were close together working their way under the loose bark and in the runways of the Passaliis beetles. These specimens all readily emitted the characteristic white slimy, gummy secretion when disturbed. They were all brownish-maroon in color and varied from one inch to two inches in length. Neither this rotting-log habitat nor the stream bed habitat reported by Prof. Hilton is at all unique for these organisms These are the normal habitats usually reported for Onychophora. The apparent controversial report of the Barro Colorado habi- tats is easily explained by the difference in the date when the two separate observations were made. Prof. Hilton visited the island in March, or during the last part of the dry season. Mr. Frick and I made our observations in late November, or during the last part of the rainy season. It is therefore rather safe to assume that Epiperipatus spreads out and inhabits rotting logs during the rainy season when that situation would be damp enough for the needs of these thinly cutinized forms. During the dry season it would not seem unlikely that the only place they would be found would be under stones in stream beds where it would be dampest. Whether there is a migration or not is unknown. Likewise the method Epipcripatus utilizes for pass- ing through an unfavorable season of the year is unknown. REFERENCES (1) HILTON, W. A., Jour. Ent. and Zool., 38: 27, 1946. (2) CLARK, A. H., and ZETEK, J., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 96, No. 3197, 1946, pp. 205-213. Iviii, '47 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 61 Undescribed Species of Crane-Flies from the West- ern United States and Canada (Dipt. : Tipulidae). Part VII By CHARLES P. ALEXANDER, Massachusetts State College, Amherst, Massachusetts The preceding part under this general title was published in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 57: 173-179, 1946. In this paper I am characterizing three further new species from California, the types being preserved in my collection of these flies. Specific acknowledgments are made under the individual species. Tipula (Lunatipula) palmarum new species Size medium (wing, male, 14 mm.) ; mesonotum buffy gray, the praescutum with four entire pale brown stripes; a central dark stripe on vertex, scutum and scutellum ; femora and tibiae obscure yellow, the tips narrowly darkened; wings with a grayish tinge, restrictedly patterned with darker, including the pale brown stigma ; obliterative band at cord restricted ; male hypopygium with the basistyle extensive, thin and scooplike, entirely cut off from the sternite ; ninth tergite having the caudal margin with a V-shaped notch, heavily blackened and thick- ened; inner disti style with the outer basal lobe appearing as two strong slender ro'ds, the outer ones stouter, terminating in two spinous points ; eighth sternite at apex with a semicircular flap that bears two long brushes of roughened setae. J 1 . Length about 13 mm.; wing 14 mm.; antenna about 3.9 mm. Described from a dried specimen, including the hypopygial characters. Frontal prolongation of head buffy, with a con- spicuous dark brown lateral line, nearly as long as remainder of head; nasus elongate; palpi brownish black. Antennae (male) moderately long, as shown by the measurements; scape and pedicel yellow, flagellum black ; flagellar segments only mod- erately incised ; longest verticils subequal to the segments. Head buffy gray, the vertex with a capillary dark brown median vitta. 62 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '47 Pronotum buffy, with a narrow darkened central spot. Meso- notal praescutum buffy gray with four entire pale brown stripes, the intermediate pair separated by a more buffy ground line that is approximately as wide; humeral region of praescutum with an extensive paler brown area ; posterior sclerites of notum buffy, sparsely pruinose; scutal lobes each with two brown spots ; a narrow brown central stripe on scutum, extending caudad over most of the length of the scutellum ; mediotergite with this line scarcely indicated, the outer lateral portions pro- vided with conspicuous erect setae. Pleura testaceous yellow. Halteres with stem yellow, knob weakly darkened. Legs with the coxae and trochanters testaceous yellow ; femora and tibiae obscure yellow, the tips narrowly darkened ; tarsi passing into darker brown ; claws (male) with a weak tooth. Wings with a grayish tinge, the cord and veins beyond very narrowly and vaguely seamed with darker; prearcular field narrowly yellow; stigma pale brown ; obliterative areas restricted, extending from the outer end of cell R across the basal half of cell 1st M 2 into the base of cell M 3 ; no prestigmal or poststigmal brightenings ; veins brown, more brownish yellow in the prearcular and costal fields. Squamal setae few ; stigmal trichia lacking. Venation : Rs somewhat less than twice mcii; R l + * entire; petiole of cell M 1 shorter than in ; M 3 + 4 shorter than the basal section of M 1 + 2 . Abdominal tergites obscure yellow, with three broken brown stripes, the central one narrowly interrupted at the incisures ; sublateral stripes much more broken but conspicuous, each dark area preceded by a clearer yellow spot on the base of segment; sternites yellow, weakly more darkened medially ; hypopygium yellow. Male hypopygium with the basistyle entirely cut off from the ninth sternite by a suture, appearing as an extensive thin and scooplike plate, the dorsal portion with numerous long yellow setae; posterior margin above the suture with an addi- tional pencil of long setae. Ninth tergite entirely separate from the sternite ; viewed from above appearing slightly narrowed outwardly, the posterior border with a V-shaped notch, the margin heavily blackened and sclerotized, including the entire posterior margin of the tergal notch, this portion irregularly Iviii, '47 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 63 toothed. Ninth sternite with its appendage relatively extensive, flattened, with inconspicuous setae, the longest at apex. Outer dististyle a small pale clavate structure. Inner dististyle ap- pearing as a flattened-compressed blade, the beak jutting into the tergal notch ; margin of beak blackened ; lower beak lacking or very obtuse ; on face of style at base of beak with a further blackened lobule or protuberance; what is interpreted as being the outer basal lobe consists of two slender rods or arms, the outer slightly stronger and curved, more or less expanded at tip, both the upper and lower apical angles further produced into acute spinous points, the space between the points with white setae ; second arm lying more mesad at end of a flattened plate or flange, appearing as a more slender straight rod that is only a little shorter than the outer arm. Eighth sternite only slightly sheathing, the margin terminating in a semicircular flap that bears two long and dense brushes of roughened or crinkly setae. Habitat. CALIFORNIA. Holotype: <$, Palm Canyon, Borego, San Diego Co., May 4, 1945 (A. L. Melander) ; Alexander Collection, through kindness of Dr. Melander. The present fly is very distinct in its hypopygial characters, especially the tergite, inner dististyle and eighth sternite. In its general appearance it somewhat suggests species such as Tifiula (Lnnatipula} borcgocnsis Alexander, but is entirely different in hypopygial structure from all such flies. TIPULA Linnaeus, subgenus HESPEROTIPULA new Characters chiefly as in Lunatlpnla Edwards, differing in important differences in the genitalia of both sexes. Wings of certain species, including the subgenotype, with sparse to more abundant macrotrichia in outer cells, particu- larly R-. Male hypopygium with the ninth sternite very large, contiguous across the dorsum or virtually so, the eighth tergite and ninth tergite correspondingly reduced, the former semi- circular in outline. Basistyle produced into elongate horns (except in cicrl^yi). Ovipositor with the cerci reduced to small 64 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Alar., '47 rounded or semicircular knobs, much shorter than the elongate hypovalvae, the latter pointed at tips. Type of stibgenus. Tipula (Hesperotipuld) streptoccra Doane. Other included species: circulans new species (California); contortri.v Alexander (California) ; coronado Alexander (Ari- zona) ; derbyi Doane (California) ; jragmentata Dietz (Wash- ington. Oregon, California) ; linsdalel Alexander (California) ; niichcncri Alexander (California) ; miitlca Dietz (California) ; opisthocera Dietz (California) ; oi'alis Alexander (California) ; supplicata Alexander (California) ; trypetophora Dietz (British Columbia). Tipula monochrome. Dietz. 1919 (pleuracicula Alexander, 1915) and T. dcvla Dietz. 1919 (translucida Doane, 1901) do not belong to this subgenus. As restricted, it is eminently characteristic of the Vancouveran and California!! regions, par- ticularly the latter. Tipula (Hesperotipula) circularis new species. Allied to streptoccra; male hypopygium with the dorsal por- tion of ninth tergite produced into two circular blackened lobes or blades, their margins smooth, the space between the lobes transverse; spine of basistyle long and sinuous, strongly nar- rowed outwardly but scarcely twisted ; inner dististyle with the beak short and slender, blackened; outer basal lobe placed far basad, about on a level with the lower beak. J 1 . Length about 12-14 mm.; wing 13-14.5 mm.; antenna about 3.8-4 mm. 9- Length about 13 mm.; wing 15 mm. Frontal prolongation of head brown above, including nasus, paling to obscure yellow on sides ; palpi brown, the terminal segment brownish black. Antennae moderately long, as shown by the measurements ; basal three segments yellow, succeeding ones brown. Head above brownish black, the surface heavily pruinose. Thorax above almost uniformly shiny yellow or reddish yel- low, the praejscutal stripes poorly differentiated. Pleura some- Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 65 what clearer yellow. Halteres with stem brownish yellow, the base restrictedly yellow, knob dark brown. Legs with the coxae and trochanters yellow ; femora yellow, the tips narrowly brown- ish black; tibiae and tarsi gradually more infuscated. the outer tarsal segments brownish black; claws (male) toothed. Wings with a weak brownish tinge, the vicinity of the veins beyond the cord paler; prearcular and costal fields more yellowed; stigma and a small spot at origin of Rs pale brown ; obliterative areas at cord and beyond stigma; veins pale brown. Rather numerous macrotrichia in outer half of cell R- ; stigmal trichia few. Venation: Rs about two and one-half times in-cn. Abdomen yellow to reddish yellow, the tergites more or less distinctly trivittate with brown, the median stripe becoming heavier and more evident on the outer segments; sublateral stripe more broken. Male hypopygium with the ninth tergite distinctive, the dorsal portion produced into two circular black- ened lobes or blades, their margins smooth, the space between the lobes t/ansverse. Basistyle with the spine long and sinuous, strongly narrowed but not twisted. Inner dististyle with the beak short and slender, blackened ; outer basal lobe placed more basad than in strcptocera, about on a level with the lower beak. Eighth sternite with the setae of the lateral lobes abundant and conspicuous ; those of the median lobe also unusually numerous, somewhat variable in number but usually totalling at least a score. Habitat. CALIFORNIA. Holotypc: J 1 , Livermore. Alameda Co., May 1, 1939 (T. H. G. Aitken). Allotypc: ?. Fairfax, Marin Co., April 13, 1919 (E. P. Van Duzee) ; California Academy of Science. Paratopotype: 1 J 1 , pinned with type; paratypcs: J. Berkeley. May 4. 1919 (E. P. Van Duzee)"; <, Sonoma Co., April 4. 1914 (Knoch.), received from Dietz, identified as strcptocera ; $. Alum Rock Park, Santa Clara Co., May 5, 1939 (T. H. G. Aitken). The most similar species is Tipnla (H?sperotipnla ) strcpto- cera Doane, which differs conspicuously in the structure of the male hypopygium, including the tergite, horn of the ba-^i-tyle, inner dististyle and eighth sternite. 66 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '47 Phyllolabis hirtiloba new species General coloration of head and thorax light gray ; wings with a very weak brownish tinge, the large oval stigma only a trifle darker than the ground; veins R 3 and R relatively short, slightly divergent, so cell R 3 at margin is approximately one- third more extensive than cell R 2 ; male hypopygium with the appendage of the ninth sternite broad, the caudal margin widely and shallowly emarginate, the lateral angles produced into small pale lobes ; apex of outer lobe of basistyle with a group of strong dark setae on mesal portion; outer dististyle a micro- scopic knob ; gonapophyses very slender. J 1 . Length about 7 mm. ; wing 7 mm. Rostrum dark brown, pruinose ; palpi black. Antennae black throughout, scape pruinose ; flagellar segments passing through oval to long-oval. Head light gray. Thorax almost uniformly light gray, the praescutum without evident pattern. Halteres whitened. Legs with the coxae brown, gray pruinose ; trochanters yellow ; femora and tibiae obscure yellowish brown to pale brown, the tips somewhat more darkened ; tarsi brownish black. Wings with a very weak brownish tinge, the large oval stigma only a trifle darker than the ground ; prearcular field a little more brightened ; veins brown, more yellowed at wing-base. Venation : Sc relatively short, SC-L ending a short distance beyond the fork of Rs, Sc exactly opposite this point; veins R z and R 4 relatively short and markedly divergent so cell R s at margin is approximately one-third more extensive than cell R. 2 ; vein R 3 only a little more than one-half R- 2 + 3 + 4 ', m-cu shortly beyond the fork of M 3 + 4 on M t . Abdomen dark brown. Male hypopygium with the appen- dage of ninth sternite wide, the caudal margin very broadly and shallowly emarginate, the small lateral lobes pale. Basistyle projecting beyond the point of insertion of the dististyles as a stout lobe, the apex a trifle widened, obliquely truncated; on mesal edge at and back from tip with numerous strong dark- colored setae; lower lobe of basistyle a strong clavate structure that is provided with scattered relatively short setae. Outer dististyle a microscopic knob ; inner style large but still smaller Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 67 f than the lower lobe of the basistyle, virtually glabrous, at apex narrowed into a lobe. Gonapophyses very slender, nearly straight. Habitat. CALIFORNIA. Holotype: <$, Yosemite National Park, near Mirror Lake, altitude 4000 feet, June 6, 1939 ( \. Downes). Phyllolabis hirtiloba is perhaps most similar to species such as P. claviger Osten Sacken and P. meridionalis Alexander, differing from all described forms in every detail of structure of the male hypopygium, particularly the appendage of the ninth sternite, apical lobe of basistyle, and both dististyles. Nocturnal Activities and Notes of the Ant Lasius (Acanthomyops) Interjectus Mayr By HORACE GROSKIN At my place in Ardmore, Montgomery County, Pennsyl- vania, there are three colonies of Lasius intcrjectits, which I had under observation from June 12th to August 20th, 1946. Many daylight observations were made during the period, as well as twenty-six night observations with flashlight at various hours from 10 P.M. to midnight, at temperatures ranging from 54 - 82 F. Colony No. 1 is a small colony with a mound nest located in short grass in clay soil, mostly shaded by a canopy of trees. Colony No. 2 is also a small colony with a crater nest located about 15 feet from colony No. 1, in clay soil, underneath a large Japanese maple without direct sun exposure. Colony No. 3 is a large colony containing an estimated 1,500 to 2,000 ants, including workers and sexual forms, located in the soil adjacent to a cinder-block garage wall facing eastward. The nest of Colony No. 1 was observed on twenty-two nights ; on nineteen of these nights, the workers were excavating soil, and on the three nights, the workers were inactive. The nest of Colony No. 2 was observed on twenty nights, the workers being active carrying soil on fourteen nights and inactive on six nights. 68 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '47 The nest of Colony No. 3 was observed in daylight and at night from June 12th to July 29th, and while there was consid- erable activity on many days, these ants appeared on the surface of the ground on one night only. The activity of the workers of Colony No. 1 and No. 2 con- sisted of bringing out soil while enlarging their galleries, and at no time, day or night, were they observed to forage, probably for the reason that this is a subterranean ant that feeds almost entirely on the excrement of root coccids and aphids which it attends inside of the nest. Neither Colony No. 1 nor No. 2 was observed to swarm or to have a nuptial flight during the entire period of observation, possibly for the reason that they were young colonies and sexual forms had not yet been produced. By referring to Table 1, it will be noted that when the ants were active at night, they were also active on many days during the daylight. For example, on July 9th, the workers of Colony No. 1 were carrying soil at 10 A.M., 5 P.M. and 8:30 P.M., and also at 12 midnight. The following morning, July 10th, at 10 A.M., the workers w r ere still bringing out soil, and they con- tinued to do so at 4 P.M. and again that night at 10 :05 P.M. When observed the next morning, July llth, at 10 A.M., the workers were still active, and at 10:30 P.M. that same night, they were as busy as ever. On the following morning, July 12th, at 10 A.M., the ants were again observed bringing out soil, and their activity was again noted at 4:30 P.M., and once more that night at 10:30 P.M. Altogether, these ants appeared to be active continuously for four days and four nights for the period from July 9th to July 12th. This same condition pre- vailed for the period from July 15th to July 18th, when there was continuous activity during day and night. The number of workers participating in the work varied during the day and night. Uusually there were many more workers carrying soil at night than during daylight. Often at night there were twenty to thirty workers busily engaged, while in daylight the number rarely exceeded a dozen. Low temperatures did not appear to affect the ants' activities. On July 15th at 11 P.M., the temperature was 54 F., and on July 16th at 11 P.M., the temperature was 55 F., yet on both Iviii, '47 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 69 of these nights the ants were very energetically carrying on their work and their numbers were at the maximum. When the night observations were made, the flashlight was often held within an inch of the workers, but the ants were not disturbed by the sudden light and continued their activities, moving along in a file, carrying soil. It would be of interest to know whether the workers that were active at night were the same individuals that were observed working during the day, or whether they work in relays and have rest periods. This could be determined only by marking the individual ants, and it is my intention to do this next year, if I am able to find a method that will not disturb the ants' normal behavior. Colony No. 3, a large and well-established colony, was observed from June 12th to August 20th, 1946. Altogether twenty-nine observations were made during daylight, and at night from 10 P.M. to midnight, at temperatures ranging at night from 54 to 82 F. As already stated, this colony ap- peared on the surface on one night only, July 24th, at 10:15 P.M., temperature 80 F., at which time about 300 winged forms and workers were noted swarming in the short grass close to the nest entrances. From June 12th to July 29th, the ants of the colony swarmed on eighteen late afternoons, between 6 and 8:30 P.M., E.D.T., and made five nuptial flights between 6 and 7 :30 P.M., E.D.T., at temperatures ranging from 72 to 78 F. These marriage flights occurred on June 12th-13th-15th-23rd-24th. This colony was also under observation in 1945, when it made four nuptial flights between the hours 7:30 8:05 P.M., E.D.T., temperatures ranging 66 to 84 F. These nuptial flights occurred on June 8th-12th-14th-20th. It is interesting to note that the marriage flights of this colony were made on al- most the same dates in both years. It may also be of interest to note that a closely related species, Lasiits (Acanth.) clavigcr Roger, which belongs to the same sub- genus as L. inter jcctus, swarms and has its nuptial flights at an entirely different time of the year than L. inter jectns, at least it does so at Ardmore, Pennsylvania. 70 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '47 w J 5 PH ^ P- 1 *g !> 2 s PH' PH' T2 Cu PH o oo * C 1 ^5 ^^ *~~ *-H |^^ QJ 4) CO . . OO I> . . ^J ^> j^J LO -M Q., <^ .C 00 o M 41 OT 3 PH' PH" (X do' ^ o rt CJ 4) rt ^> .2 ^ H 1 PH L * i_ 4 > ^^ C" o OJ l-H ^> ^? ^ * 4* CJ ^^J rt -C-i ,_, K* "*~* T ^^ ^4 . * ; cj oo ^5 E .Sf a a 00 4 ' rt * PH' < s S rt PH PH rt c rt "U S c Cj _j o ^5 rt 2 . oj j*^ LO o p-i LO PH' '- LO _; " g 1| o 41 -1 rt 4-J _M ^ 45 10 ~ "^ 2 . * 0) PH O _> * o oo c s ">, rt rt C *"0 -e 5 P.M. inactive inactive 6:30 P.1V ! 1 j_ -> -2 3 en 5.1 P^ O 00 . .S? c rt ^r 4 O ^^ T3 c rt ^ oo' bo r . rt ' [.,0 .En ~ " r -^ cu s p^ M P^ OH ^ rt a en ~C 1-1 3 41 4) .2 .2 O .2 "oj J 4) < < ^ O O O -H ,-H O d) . s"-g PH' -a CN 4) 41 .2 O ) rt : cu J2 ~ IH cu > PH O OfJ t^ 1 * QJ CU.2 '1 % OJ o P-i 4) 00 ^^ "3 *4J -M > ^ ^> "^ ^ 4 ' ^ > > > ^ 4-* 4-* )_' ^ j_ CJ CJ 'B c -H U ' * I-H | J^j '5 CJ O () H O rt rt C C HH HH '-' -*- 1 oi cj cj ^2 <, +H u cj < < D 4) H ffi rt rt C c h-H I-H II '3 w 4) 41 LI M 4) .2 41 4) 4) 41 4) 4) .2 4) 4) 41 41 4) . 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C . > rt ^ - rt ^* 'CJ -3 "^ "^ "3 T3 .=< w U c u c rt S CJ >> > rt C bO S C J ^ ^ ** tn < O OH >^ t* be be bo be c c 8^ 3 n 2 -a rt c 3 3 O o o ^H i-H * -^ ^1 t^* CO CO -O -o -5 3 3 "C ~ d> O ,_j > E > tn cu CU cu cu > > cu cu -^ cu cu cu CU CU CU CJ rt C t f rt rt LO c "u u O rt > C o rt CJ O rt rt C C O rt rt c c CJ O OJ c3 rt **- c c J3 ' 'o W cu cu cu cu cu cu bo cu cu a> cu cu cu .^ cu cu cu .^ cu cu cu cu .: .> .> > A) .S .ti .*; . * u .- > > Jj > > .- .- CJ CJ CJ > IH nj CJ rt O CJ rt rt CJ CJ rt rt o rt c CJ CJ rt rt c u u .3 rt rt U 2 rt rt .- rt rt 3 C 11 U u i_ u u U i. u u u u u u CU 1 CJ CJ O CJ CJ U CJ CJ CJ CJ CJ CJ O CJ O O CJ CJ o o ta Q o \^ ^-ft o O Tf LO * O I CO t-. SO ^ OO ,^ vO o o S *" t"** ("" *^ '- LO LO so i^ 1 O LO sO SO O SO J- ^o ^o H 4j S S s s ^ S S s s s ^ ^ s Q "be OH OH OH OH OH OH P-i CM OH OH S S OH OH w C T3 LO c o co O O ro CO 3 CH O-i i/O o O LO O ~ LO LO LO . i o *-> O ^H ^H O O C O c; c O -H o -T o CN ro IO O t- OD O "-, CC O O f _ ) f _ J V \ -^ -^^ -^^ -^^ -^ -^ "~- \. \ \ \ \ \ \ O^ , c a t t t^- t^ t^ t^ t^ 1 * t""^ j> t^ j r^- t-- t^ t^ f- t^ 00 00 00 Q 72 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '47 I have five large colonies of L. clavigcr on my place, which I have had under observation for the past five years, and at no time during this period have I ever observed any swarming or nuptial flight before the latter part of September, and from that time on, according to my notes, throughout October and No- vember, and I have one record of swarming and nuptial flight as late as December 3rd, 1943, at 4:20 P.M., E.W.T., temp. 52 F. This perhaps would indicate that some of the sexual forms of L. inter jectus remain in the nest during the winter, and have their nuptial flight the following spring, while the sexual forms of L. clavigcr are born and raised during the same year and are not ready to leave the nest until autumn or late in the year. Distributional Notes on Lauxaniidae Mostly from the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (Diptera) By GEORGE C. STEYSKAL, Detroit, Michigan The writer and Robert R. Dreisbach spent a week, beginning June 10, 1946, in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park collecting insects and enjoying the park and Dr. Arthur Stupka's hospitality. The following eight species of Lauxaniidae were se- cured. While the list is but fragmentary, it contains several in- teresting distributional records and for that reason is considered worth presenting. The localities cited are all in the Tennessee part of the park, except Andrews Bald, which is in North Caro- lina. Previous locality records known to the writer both from the literature and from material he has examined are given in parentheses after the Smoky Mountains data. Hoinoncura jraterna Lw. Chimneys Camp, June 11 (Out., Que., Man., entire New England, N. Y., N. J., Pa., Va., Md., Mich., Ill, Calif., Wash.). H. hoiiyhi Coq. Park Headquarters, June 10 and 15; also Cumberland Co., Tenn., June 10 (Que. ; Mt. Desert, Me. ; Mass. ; Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 73 R. I.; Conn.; N. Y. ; N. J. ; Va. ; Md. ; Raleigh, N. C. ; Isle Royale and Cheboygan Co., Mich.; Sylvan Lake, S. D.). Lauxania cylindricornis Fahr. Andrews Bald, June 16 (Alaska and throughout Canada; New England; N. Y. ; N. J. ; Pa. ; Md. ; Ga. ; Ft. Myers, Fla. ; Mich. ; Wis. ; Minn. ; S. D. ; N.M.). Lau.vaniclla o/warLw. Cades Cove, June 13; Headquarters, June 13 (N. J. ; Murfreesboro, N. C. ; Fla.). L. trivittata Lw. Headquarters, June 10 (Md. ; D. C. ; Term. ; Ga. ; Ala. ; Fla.) . Minettia lupnlina Fabr. Chimneys Camp, June 11 ; Cherokee Orchard, June 14; Andrews Bald, June 16 (South to mountains of N. C. ; Carter Co., Tenn. ; Kans. ; Colo.). M. uiagna Coq. Chimneys Camp, June 11 ; Elkmont, June 15 (D. C. ; N. J. ; Md. ; Raleigh, N. C. ; Battle Creek, Mich.). Xenochaetina muscaria Lw. Cades Cove, June 13 (N. J. ; Md. ; Raleigh, Rockingham, and Yonahlossee Road, N. C. ; Ala. ; Oxford, Miss.; La.; Fla.; Cuba; Mexico; So. Amer.). A New Subspecies of Speyeria atlantis (Edwards) from New Mexico (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) By A. H. MOECK,* Milwaukee, Wisconsin Speyeria atlantis dorothea, new subspecies Above, both sexes are fiery ruddy, similar in size and wing- shape to atlantis nausicaa (Edwards) (1874, p. 104), the latter being a subspecies described from Arizona. In dorothea the basal suffusion usually is somewhat heavier and the black pat- tern markings bolder, thus dorothea is in these respects darker than the usual run of nausicaa. Below, dorotlica in both sexes differs from nausicaa in color, especially in the disk or basal two-thirds of the secondaries. In nausicaa the discal area is sordid reddish-brown which upon * Assistance furnished by L. P. Grey, of Lincoln, Maim-, i- gratefully acknowledged. 74 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '47 close examination is seen to be flecked extensively or entirely overlaid with delicate hoary lavender. In dorothea the disk lacks this lavender entirely or nearly so, while the ground color is richer, ranging from shades of deep mahogany-red to brick- red. The spots below are brilliantly silvered, as in nausicaa, the submarginal band also being similar in color and extent ; however, both stand out more contrastingly in dorothea because of the darker, more uniformly colored background. SPEYERIA ATLANTIS DOROTHEA, new subspecies 1. Holotype c? 2. Holotype < under surface 3. Allotype $ 4. Allotype ?, under surface Genitalically, the species atlantis (Edwards) (1863, p. 54) appears to be indistinguishable from the various species placed by dos Passos and Grey (1945, pp. 1-29, figs. 1-54) in their "callippe group." In a later elaboration an effort will be made to clarify the interrelationships of the southwestern subspecies of atlantis, and to indicate that dorothea represents an impor- tant link in these relationships, with iiikias beyond Santa Fe to the north and east, and nausicaa to the westward in Arizona. Iviii, '47J ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 75 In wing expanse a series of fifty pairs of dorothca averaged 68 mm. in the males, 76 mm. in the females, the variation in size ranging from smallest male 62 mm. to largest female 82 mm. By way of comparison a like series of nansicaa measured 60 to 72 mm. in males, and 68 to 86 mm. in females, averaging the same size as dorothca except that females of nansicaa run a trifle larger. The subspecies atlantis nikias (Ehrmann) . (1917, p. 55) is smaller, averaging in a series of ten pairs of topotypes, 62 mm. in males, and 66 mm. in females. The holo- type of dorothea expands 68 mm. (All measurements were taken from tip of primary wing to center of thorax, doubled.) Type Material: A long series of dorotJica was collected by the author on Sandia Peak (Sandia Peak is in extreme south- eastern Sandoval County bordering upon Bernalillo County, some fifteen miles northeast of and overlooking Albuquerque), Sandia Mountains, NEW MEXICO, July 13 to 15, 1946, at ele- vations ranging from six to over ten thousand feet. The speci- mens were taken from the very peak to two-thirds of the way down the mountain, along the winding road which leaves High- way 44 and runs thence to the tip in a general southwesterly direction. The holotypc male and allotypc female were taken, in copula, July 15, at about 7,000 feet elevation. They have been deposited in The American Museum of Natural History, New York City. Of the type catch mentioned above, 100 males and 100 females are designated paratypcs which are in the author's collection ; a number of them will be distributed to various museums and individuals. REFERENCES CITED DOS PASSOS, C. F., and L. P. GREY. 1945. A genitalic survey of Argyn- ninae (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Amer. Mus. Xovitates, No. 1296, pp. 1-29, figs. 1-54. EDWARDS, W. H. 1863. Descriptions of certain species of diurnal Lepi- doptera found within the limits of the United States and British America. No. 2. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 14, pp. 54-58. . 1874. Description of new species of diurnal Lepidoptera found in North America. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 5, pp. 103-111. EHRMANN, G. A. 1917. Some new North American butterflies. Lepi- dopterist, vol. 1, pp. 54-56. 76 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '47 Notes and News in Entomology Under this heading we present, from time to time, notes, news, and comments. Contributions from readers are earnestly solicited and will be acknowledged when used. The Rockefeller Foundation, A Review for 1946. From this annual review the following passages have been selected as of interest to entomologists. They deal with the mosquito cam- paign in Italy and with the yellow fever work. A large factor in the reduction of malaria in Italy since 1887 has been the great amount of intelligent land reclamation. Work in the Tiber delta was begun between 1885 and 1890, but it was not until after World War I that extensive agricultural drain- age was undertaken. . . . But World War II again brought a setback in the struggle against malaria, due to the systematic destruction by the German Army of the great land-reclamation projects. ... In the whole of Italy the incidence of malaria in 1944 was five or six times as great as before the war. In- deed, in Littoria Province, south of Rome, malaria rates were 55 times their normal figure. At the invitation of the Army, the Foundation undertook the study of the use of DDT against Anopliclcs labranchiae, a house infesting malaria vector. Armed with knapsack sprayers, teams of workers systematically covered a 120-square-mile area, spray- ing the walls and ceilings of every room in every building, from large apartment houses to rabbit hutches. Marshy areas were sprayed by Army planes with tanks of DDT or Paris green mounted in the bomb-bays. Weekly inspections for larvae and adults were made for al- most a full year to determine the effectiveness of the measures taken. According to one member of the Health Commission : "The total catch of adults for the 120-square-mile area by our inspectors for the season probably does not equal the number formerly found in one day in one good-sized pigsty." Three times before in the history of the Roman Campagna since pre-Roman times the abandonment of hydraulic works due Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 11 to war brought on a widespread plague of malaria. Each time, two centuries were needed to bring the area back to a normal state of health. The fourth time that war devastated this area, it took one thorough application of DDT to reduce the danger of malaria infection almost to zero. As regards yellow fever, the Review reports increased ac- tivity at the laboratories at Lagos, Nigeria and at Entebbe, in the Uganda. An epidemic in Nigeria, centering at Ogbomoshi, the first major outbreak in 15 years, was the classic type of urban yellow fever caused by an old enemy, Aedes acgvpti. The jungle type of yellow fever is more easily studied in East Africa, where it occurs unmixed with the urban variety and where aegypti does not complicate the picture. Jungle yellow fever is caught only by human beings who enter the forest or who live on its outskirts. In this eastern section of the broad African belt the disease is apparently maintained by arboreal mosquitoes and animals until it is transmitted to man. There is much supporting evidence for the theory that mon- keys, whose population in this region is estimated at 400 per square mile, keep yellow fever alive, aided perhaps by a mos- quito. The mosquito strongly suspected is the Aedes ajricanus, which breeds in tree holes and at night bites the monkeys which sleep in the trees. This still does not bring yellow fever to the ground where men can catch it. There are, however, certain arboreal monkeys which enter home gardens to steal bananas and thus bring themselves within the range of both men and another mosquito, Aedes sunpsoni. Contaminated originally by the africaiuis mosquito, the monkey may in turn contaminate the siinpsoni mosquito, which in its turn relays yellow fever to the human victim. Much of this comes under the head of enlightened conjectun . but yellow fever research in the African laboratories is proceed- ing vigorously, and the mysterious activities of African mos- quitoes are beginning to be a little less puzzling than they were formerly. 78 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '47 Current Entomological Literature COMPILED BY EDWIN T. MOUL, RAYMOND Q. BLISS, CHARLES HODGE IV, MAURICE E. PHILLIPS, JOHN W. H. REHN AND HENRY K. TOWNES, JR. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrele- vant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species will be recorded. This list gives references of the current or preceding year unless otherwise noted. Continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installment. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record, Office of Ex- periment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Entomology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. NOTE: The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper ap- peared, as numbered in the List of periodicals and serials published in our January and June issues. The number of the volume, and in some cases, the part, heft, &c. is followed by a colon (:). References to papers containing new forms or names not so stated in titles are followed by (*); if containing keys are followed by (k) ; papers pertaining exclusively to Neotropical species, and not so indicated in the title, have the symbol (S). Papers published in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS are not listed. New Titles of Periodicals and Serials Referred to 101. Mitteilungen der schweitzerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft, Bern- 102. Revue de Entomologie. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. GENERAL Bondar, G. Bavineos em monocotiledo- neas da familia das Bromeliaceas um novo genero e 18 especies novas. [102] 17: 313-38 (k). Hinton, H. E. A new classification of insect pupae. [72] 116: 282-328, ilL Kantmann, B. P. Spontaneous mutation rate in Drosoph- ila. [3] 81 : 77-80. Ligondes, J. de La preparation des petits insectes. [110] 3 : 30-32. Mayr, E. The naturalist in Leidy's time and today. [62] 98: 271-76. Tempere, G. -L'instinct botanique des insectes phytophages. [HO] 2 : 219-24. Wade and Caffrey Rufus Hiram Pettit. (Obit- uary.) [65] 49: 87. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, MEDICAL Dobzhan- sky, T. Effectiveness of intraspecific and interspecific mat- ings in Drosophila pseudoobscura and D. persimilis. [3] 81: 66-71. Hafliger, E. Beitrag zur Biologic und Be- kampfung der Azaleenmotte Gracilaria azaleella Brants. [101] 20: 141-60, ill. Morrison, W. The chordotonal or- gans of insects. [100] 25: 50-52, ill. Rohm, P. B. Study of evolutionary chromosome changes in Sciara (D'iptera), chromosome C in the salivary gland cells of S. ocellaris and S. reynoldsi. [3] 81 : 5-29, ill". ^Webb, J. E. Spiracle struc- Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 79 ture as a guide to the phylogenetic relationships of the Anoplura (biting and sucking lice), with notes on the affini- ties of the mammalian hosts. [72] 116: 49-119, ill. Zalo- kar, M. Anatomic du thorax de Drosophila melanogaster. [Revue Suisse de Zoologie] 54: 17-53. ill. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA Bryant, E. B.- The genotype of Mimetus Hentz. [73] 53: 48. Denis, J. Araignees rares. [110] 3: 1-9, ill. Gibson, W. W. An ecological study of the spiders of a river-terrace forest in western Tennessee. [58] 47: 38-44. Kohls, G. M. Notes on the tick, Ixodes howelli, with descriptions. [46] 33 : 57-61, ill. Mello-Leitao, C. de Ararias nuevas de mendoza, la Rioja y Cordoba colectadas por el Prof. M. Biraben. [Revista del Museo de la Plata] 3: 101-21, ill. (*) ; Aranas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ibid. 311-93, ill. (*). Radford, C. D. New species of larval mites (Trombiculi- dae) from Manipur State, India. [72] 116: 247-65, ill. Strandtmann and Eads A new species of mite, Ichoronys- sus dentipes (Liponyssinae), from the cotton rat. [46] 33: 51-56, ill. SMALLER ORDERS Brues, C. T. Dragonflies as predatory enemies of the stable-fly (Stomoxys calcitrans). [73] 53:' 50-51. Burks, B. D. New Hept'agenine May- flies. [5] 39: 607-15. ill. Christiansen, K. A. A new rec- ord of Oxyagrion (Zygoptera). [73] 53: 89. Eads, R. B. A new species of flea from the field mouse, Baiomvs tav- lori. [5] 39: 545-48, ill. Geijskes, D. C. Observations on the Odonata of Tobago, B. W. I. [88] 97: 213-35 (k). Gisin, H. Sur la nomenclature de quelques genres impor- tants de Collemboles. [101] 20: 135-36. Hopkins, G. H. E. Notes on mallophagan nomenclature I. [30] 80: 14-19. Kennedy, C. H. Epigomphus subquadrices, a new dragonfly (Gomphidae) from Panama, with notes on E. quadrices and Eugomphus n. subgen. [5] 39: 662-66. ill. Randolph and Eads An ectoparasitic survey of mammals from Lavaca County, Texas. [5] 39: 597-601. Rapp, W. F., Jr. The generic and subgeneric names of Japygidae, with their genotypes. [5] 39: 704-5. Sommerman, K. M. A revision of the genus Lachesilla north of Mexico (Corrodentia: Caeciliidae). [5] 39: 627-61, ill. (k*). Traver, J. R. Notes on Neotropical Mayflies. Part I. Family Baetidae, subfamily Leptophlebiinae. [102] 17: 418-36, ill. (*). Webb, J. E. (See under Anatomy). 80 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '47 ORTHOPTERA Ebner, R. Einige seltenere palaark- tische Tettigoniidae und Gryllidae. [112] 22: 17-30, ill. (*). Liebermann, J. Sobre una coleccion de Acridios Paraguayos de la mision cientifica Brasilefia, 1940-1944. [102] 17: 452-56. Rehn, J. A. G. On the Punctulatus species-group of the genus Melanoplus (Acrid., Cyrta- canth.) with the description of a new sp. from Kansas. [62] 98: 241-69, ill. (k). HEMIPTERA Belong and Hershberger Some new species of Idiocerus (Cicaclellid) from the upper Mississippi Valley. [58] 47 : 45-48, ill. Esselbaugh, C. O. A study oi the eggs of the Pentatomidae. [5] 39: 667-91, ill. (k) Hsiao, T.-Y. The genus Eccritotarsus Stal. with descrip- tions of a n. gen. and two n. sp. (Mirid.) [65] 49: 59-62; A n. gen. and sp. of Miridae from Guatemala. Ibid. 63-65. Jeannel, R. Les Henicocephalides. Monographic d'un groupe d'Hemipteres hematophages. [107] 110: 273-368, ill. (k*), 1942. Knowlton, G. F. A new maple aphid from Utah and some aphid records. [43] 20: 24-26. Knowlton and Roberts Artenisaphis artenisicola (Williams). [43] 20: 26-27 (*). Melis, A. Contribute alia conoscenza dell' Aspidiotus perniciosus. [106] 29: 1-170, ill. Penner, L. R. Some notes on the genus Pentagramma and four n. sp. [43] 20: 30-39, ill. (k). Wygodzinsky, P. Contribution towards the knowledge of the genus Malacopus, with the description of two new species (Reduviidae). [102] 17: 457-67, ill. (*k) ; Sobre um novo genero de Harpactorinae do Brasil, com notas sobre os generos Harpactor Laporte e Erbessus Stal. Ibid. 401-17, ill. (k*). LEPIDOPTERA Capps, H. W. Description of the larva of Keiferia peniculo Heinrich, with a key to the larvae of related species attacking eggplant, pepper, potato and tomato in the United States (Gelechiid). [5] 39: 561-63, ill. (k). Hafliger, E. (See under Anatomy.) McGuffin, W. C. Larvae of some Canadian Geometrids. [23] 78: 160-62 (k). Nabokov, V. Southern Pierids in New Eng- land. [73] 53: 42. Oiticica Filho, J. Nova especie do genero Paradaemonia e notas sobre as especies arms (Ar- senurinae). [Summa Brasiliensis Biologiae] 1: 143-54, ill. Silva e Heinrich Stenoma decora (Stenomatidae), uma nova praga potencial do cacaneiro na Baia, Brasil. [102] 17: 361-74, ill. Sylven, E. Systematic studies of the Swedish species of Pyralinae, Nymphalinae and Pyraus- tinae. [10] 38A : No. 13: 1-37, ill. (k). Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 81 DIPTERA Alexander, C. P. New nearctic craneflies (Tipulidae). Part XXVII. [23] 78: 155-59; Notes on the tropical species of Tipulidae, genus Teucholabis. [102] 17: 375-400 (*). Bequaert and Renjifo-Salcedo Tabani- dae of Colombia. [73] 53: 52-88 (k*). Blanchard, E. E. -Los Dipteros muscoideos del Museo de la Plata, Tachi- nidae. [Revista del Museo de la Plata] 3: 123-61, ill. (*). Bohart, G. E. The phorid flies of Guam. [71] 96: 397- 416 (k*). Bouvier, G. Malformations chez les Tabanides. [101] 19: 692-94, ill. Brooks, A. R. A revision of the N. A. spp. of Leschenaultia sens. lat. (Larvaevor.). [23] 78: 169-82 (k*). Brues, C. T. (See under Smaller Or- ders.) Callan, E. McC. A note on Sarcophaga lambens, a parasite of the South American bollworm, Sacadodes pyralis. [102] 17: 474-75. Cresson, E. T., Jr. Synopses of N. Amer. Ephydridae. III. Tribe Notiphilini of Sub- family Notiphilinae. [83] 72: 227-40 (k*) ; A systematic annotated arrangement of the genera and species of the Ethiopian Ephydridae. Subfamily Psilopinae. Ibid. 241- 64 (k*). Dobzhansky, T. (See under Anatomy.) Fair- child, G. B. Additional notes on the Tabanidae of Panama. [5] 39: 564-75, ill. (*). Forbes and Horsfall Biology of a pest mosquito common in New Guinea. [5] 39: 602-06. Hardy and McGuire The Nearctic Ptiolina. [43] 20: 1- 15, ill. k*). Horsfall and Porter Biologies of two ma- larial mosquitoes in New Guinea. [5] 39: 549-60, ill. King and Hoogstraal New species of New Guinea Urano- taenia of the Tibialis group (Culicid). [5] 39: 585-96, ill. (k). Knight and Laffoon The oriental species of the Aedes (Finlaya) Kochi group (Culicid). [83] 72: 203-25, ill. (k*). Lane, J. New Brazilian Mycetophilidae (Nemo- cera). [102] 17: 339-60 (*). Lopes, H. De Souza Con- tribuicao ao conhecimento das especies do genero Oxysar- codexia (Sarcophagidae). [Boletim da escola Nacional de Veterinaria, Rio de Janeiro] 1 : 62-134, ill. (k*). Melander, A. L. Some fossil Diptera from Florissant, Colorado. [73] 53: 43-48, ill. (*). Penn, G. H. The larval develop- ment and ecology of Aedes (Stegomyia) Scutellaris (Walker) in New Guinea. [46] 33 : 43-50, "ill. Pratt, H. D. -The genus Uranotaenia Lynch Arribalzaga in Puerto Rico. [5] 39: 576-84, ill. (k). Pratt, H. D. Shannono- myina, new name for Shannonomyia Dvar (not Alexander) (Psychodid). [65] 49: 86. Reinhard/H. J. New genera and species of muscoid Diptera. [43] 20: 15-24. Rock- 82 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '47 wood ; Zimmerman and Chamberlin The wheat stem mag- gots of the genus Meromyza in the Pacific Northwest. [90] 928: 1-18 (k). Rohm^ P. B. (See under Anatomy.) Vargas, L. Corethrella laneana n. sp. (Culicidae), pro- ceclente de Monterrey, N. L. [78] 7: 63-67, ill. (k) ; Macropelopia roblesi (Tendipedidae) n. sp. Neotropical procedente de Chiapas, Mexico. Ibid. 79-84, ill. Zalokar, M. (See under Anatomy.) COLEOPTERA Alfaro, A. Medios quimicos para ex- terminar el escarabajo de la patata. [Iberica, Barcelona] 3 : 41-44, ill. Bradley, J. C. Contributions to our knowl- edge of the Mylabridae, sen Bruchidae, with especial ref- erence to the fauna of northeastern America. [73] 53: 33- 42 (k*). Buchanan, L. L. Hickory Curculios of the'genus Conotrachelus. [65] 49: 41-54 (k*). Frost, C. A. Poly- drusus sericeus Schall. [73] 53: 51. Hustache, A. Nou- velle contribution a L'Etude des Ceuthorrhynchininae (Curculionid). [102] 17: 444-51 (*). Lanchester, H. P. Larval determination of six economic species of Limonius (Elaterid). [5] 39: 619-26, ill. (k). Sanderson, M. W.- The N. A. sp. of Stilicolina Casey (Staph.). [43] 20: 27- 30 (k*). Servadei, A.- Contributi alia conoscenza dell'- entomofauna delle leguminose foraggere. Phytonomus nigrirostris F. [106] 30: 129-79, ill. Villiers, A. Revision des Languriicles de 1'Ancien monde. [L'Abeille, Paris] 37: 1-320, ill. (k*), 1945. HYMENOPTERA Berry, P. L. Oviposition habits and early stages of a Eucharia (Kapula sp.). [65] 49: .77-80. Cole, A. C., Jr. A description of Formica parci- pappa, a new ant from Idaho. [5] 39: 616-18. Moure, J. Contribuicao para o conhecimento dos Meliponinae (Apoidea). [102] 17: 437-13 (*). Pate, V. S. L. New N. A. Belomicrus (Sphecid). [65] 49: 54-58. Schuster, R. M. A revision of the sphaerophthalmine Mutillidae of Amer. n. of Mexico. [5] 39: 692-703, ill. (k*). Smith, M. R. Ants of the genus Apsychomyrmex (Formicidae). [102] 17: 468-73 (k). Starcke, A. Mededeeling over Cephalotes atratus (Formicidae). [Entomologische Be- richten] 11: 263 (S). Strandtmann, R. W. A" review of the N. A. spp. of Philanthus, north of Mexico (Sphecid). [The Ohio State Univ. Press.] Timberlake, P. H. N. sp. of Perdita from the Southern States (Apoidea). [65] 49: 81-84 (k). Wishart, G. Observations on the emergence of Macrocentrus gifuensis (Braconid). [23] 78: 162-68. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Review INSECT MICROBIOLOGY an account of the microbes associated with insects and ticks with special reference to the biologic rela- tionships involved. By Edward A. Steinhans. Comstock Pub- lishing Company, Inc., Ithaca, New York. 1946. x + 763 pp. Price: $7.75. In this important book the information concerning various associations and interrelations between microbes (bacteria, rick- ettsiae, yeasts, fungi, viruses, spirochaetes and protozoa) and insects and ticks has been brought together for the first time. The need for such a work has long been felt by those interested in various aspects of entomology and other biologists. The volume has attempted to summarize under the various cate- gories the results of much widely scattered information and the many discoveries of the author. Although such a work is defi- nitely needed one can not help but think that a more useful work would have been achieved if such broad coverage had not been attempted. The presentation of material is by type and location of the microbe, with their classification explained. However, this leaves one interested in a particular group of insects without a concise picture. The hosts are listed but as their position in the insect classification is not well indicated one must check to ascertain the group represented. The portions on extracellular and specific bacteria associated with insects is based mainly on the author's previous catalogue. In the section on intracellular bacteriumlike and rickettesia- like symbionts the discussion of the morphology of insect sex organs, mycetome and embryology seem out of place. How- ever, this is followed by an interesting discussion on the nature, origin, transmission and cultivation of the symbiont forms. Selected examples of these are then discussed under an arrange- ment according to host. The chapter on Rickettsiae is certainly the most interesting and instructive of the book. The author's knowledge of this field is such that it is regretted that it was not further ex- panded, even at the expense of some of the other sections. Finally there is an interesting chapter on the little under- stood subject of immunity in insects. This is followed by a general discussion of methods and procedures which should be of use to those interested in work along these lines. The extensive bibliography in itself makes the volume of considerable value and while not attempting completeness can easily be used as a starting point for gathering supplementary information. I. \V. IT. RF.IIX EXCHANGES This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and, only when -necessary those at the top (being longest in) are discontinued. Lepidoptera -Wanted, Hyloicus (Sphinx) and other Sphingidae in exchange for U. S. and Wisconsin Lepidoptera. Wm. E. Sicker, 119 Monona Ave., Madison 3, Wisconsin. Hymenoptera-Aculeata (except ants and bees) and Ichneumonidae for exchange or purchase. Will collect any order in exchange. D. G. Shappirio, 4811 17th St., NW, Washington 11, D. C. 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We are al- ways glad to send our catalogues and lists. WARD'S NATURAL SCIENCE ESTABLISHMENT, INC. P. O. Box 24, Beechwood Station Rochester 9, N. Y. Important Mosquito Works MOSQUITO ATLAS. Part I. The Nearctic Anopheles, important malarial vectors of the Americas, and Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciata MOSQUITO ATLAS. Part II. The more important malaria vec- tors of the Old World: Europe, Asia, Africa and South Pacific region By Edward S. Ross and H. Radclyffe Roberts Price, 60 cents each (U. S. Currency) with order, postpaid within the United States; 65 cents, foreign. KEYS TO THE ANOPHELINE MOSQUITOES OF THE WORLD With notes on their Identification, Distribution, Biology and Rela- tion to Malaria. By Paul F. Russell, Lloyd E. Rozeboom and Alan Stone Mailed on receipt of price, $2.00 U. S. Currency. Foreign Delivery $2.10. For sale by the American Entomological Society, 1900 Race Street, Philadelphia 3, Pa., U. S. A. RECENT LITERATURE FOR SALE BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1900 RACE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. DIPTERA 1135. Cresson (E. T., Jr.) Synopsis of No. Anier. Ephydridae. III. The tribe Notiphilini of the subfam. Notiphilini (72: 227-240, 1946) $ .35 1136. A systematic annotated arrangement of the gen. and spp. of the Ethiopian Ephydridae. I. The subfam. Psilopinae (72:241-264,1946) 60 1134. Knight and Laffoon The oriental spp. of the Aedes (Finlaya) Kochi group (72: 203-225, 3 pis., 1946) 70 THE BIOLOGY AND IDENTIFICATION OF TRYPETID LARVAE By VENIA TARRIS PHILLIPS Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, No. 12, 161 pp., 16 pis., 1946 This is a comprehensive work describing and figuring the important characteristics of the larvae of forty five species of American fruit flies (Diptera). An indispensible work for economic en- tomologists. It includes a glossary of the terms used in the descriptions; a list of 442 species of the family, with their known hosts; a list of their host plants; and an extensive bibliography. The plates contain 192 exquisitely executed figures. Price $5.00 (postpaid, domestic delivery) U. S. Currency, remittance must accompany order. HYMENOPTERA 1132. Pate (V. S. L.) The generic names of the spider wasps (Psammocharidae olim Pompilidae) and their type spp. (72: 65-137, 1946) 1.80 ORTHOPTERA 1128. Rehn (J. A. G.) One new gen. and six new spp. of Central American and Colombian Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera) (72: 1-26, 2 pis., 1946) COLEOPTERA 1133. Benesh (B.) A systematic revision of the Holarctic gen. Platycerus Geoffrey (72: 139-202, 5 pis., 1946) 1.90' 1129. Dillon (L. S. & E. S.) Review of the Onocephalini (Ceram- bicidae) (72: 27-48, 1 pi., 1946) 65 1131. Green (J. W.) A new sp. of Enochrus (Hydrophilidae) (72: 61-64, figs., 1946) ' 20 1130. Robinson (M.) Studies in the Scarabaeidae III (72: 49-59, 1946) 30 LEPIDOPTERA 1125. Jones (F. M.) Platoeceticus Packard, and a remarkable n. sp. of the genus (Psychidae) (71: 99-124, 4 pis., 1945) 75 1 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS APRIL 1947 Vol. LVIII DIV. i::. U.S. k : ATL. T No. 4 CONTENTS Burks New species of Tetrastichus Knull Two new Elateridae Berner Larval habitat of Ficalbia and Aedomyia Pate Gorytine wasps of the West Indies Personal Remington Type locality of Speyeria egleis secreta Haber Exotic cockroaches in Pennsylvania Berner The mating of Ficalbia splendens Whitney Notes on Tanypteryx hageni Notice Notes and News in Entomology Eighth International Congress of Entomology . . The Hamburg Institute and Museum Entomological Literature Three new serials . 104 105 105 110 PUBLISHED MONTHLY, EXCEPT AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER, BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY PRINCE AND LEMON STS., LANCASTER, PA. AND THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA 3, PA. 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SEPARATES of articles without covers, without extraneous matter, will be furnished by the printer at the following prices: l^t pages, 25 copies, $2.50; 50 copies, $2.50; 100 copies, $300. 5-8 pages, 25 copies, $4.00; 50 copies, $4.00; 100 copies, $4.75. 9-12 pages; 25 copies. $6.25; 50 copies, $6.25; 100 copies, $7.25. Covers: first 50, $2.75; additionals at 2 cents each. Plates, printed on one side: first 50, $2.00: additional at \ l / 2 cents each. Transportation charges will be extra. THE LANCASTER PRESS, INC., Lancaster, Pa. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOL. LVIII APRIL. 1947 No. 4 New Reared Species of Tetrastichus. (Hymen- optera : Chalcidoidea) By B. D. BURKS, Illinois Natural History Survey In the course of his study of some gall-inhabiting insects, Mr. S. E. Lienk, at the Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, reared three species of the chalcidoid genus Tetrastichus. Two of these species proved to he new to science and are here described. These descriptions are uniform with the descrip- tions in my synopsis of the North American species. 1 Tetrastichus anthophilus, new species (Figs. 1, 3) Shining, jet black, with a very faint iridescent blue-green cast when viewed under strong light ; antennal pedicel and funicle and middle part of hind tibiae, brown ; middle part of mid-tibiae light brown ; apices of all femora, front tibiae, bases and apices of middle and hind tibiae, and basal three segments of all tarsi, yellow. Head, body, and legs provided with sparse, yellowish pubescence ; hair borne by compound eyes extremely minute and sparse, fig. 1. Female. Length 1.1-1.8 mm. Maximum width of head equal to maximum width of pronotum ; antennae inserted at level of ventral margins of compound eyes ; apex of scape reaching level of ventral margin of anterior ocellus ; antenna, fig. 3, with scape slightly longer than pedicel and first funicle segment com- bined, first funicle segment slightly longer than pedicel, second funicle segment three-fourths as long as first, third slightly shorter than second, club as long as first and second funicle seg- ments combined ; height of compound eye one and one-half times 1 BURKS, B. D. 1943. The North American wasps of the genus Tetrastichus. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 93 : 505-608, 6 pis. (85) AUG4 |0 86 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 as great as length of malar space ; postocellar line twice as long as ocellocular line. Mesopraescutum having maximum width and maximum length equal, one row of bristles present at each lateral margin ; surface of mesopraescutum with minute but dis- tinct shagreening ; median, longitudinal furrow well marked; submarginal vein of forewing with three or four dorsal bristles, marginal vein three and one-half times as long as stigmal ; apex of hindwing blunt, fringe at posterior margin one-fourth as wide as wing at hamuli ; mesoscutellum bearing two pairs of bristles. Surface of propodeum very faintly reticulated, almost entirely smooth, paraspiracular carinae absent, spiracles almost touching anterior margin of propodeum ; length of mesoscutellum two and one-half times as great as median length of propodeum ; maxi- mum width of gaster slightly less than that of thorax, gaster one and one-third to one and one-half times as long as thorax ; sur- face of gaster very faintly sculptured, almost smooth, and clothed with a few sparse setae ; gaster acute at apex, ovipositor slightly produced. Male. Length 1.5 mm. Antennal scape with anterior carina present only on apical fourth; pedicel and first funicle segment equal in length, second funicle one-fifth longer than first, third and fourth equal in length and each one-sixth longer than sec- ond ; club as long as second to fourth funicle segments combined ; funicle segments enlarged at bases, these enlargements bearing long bristles ; gaster and thorax equal in length. Holotypc, $. Mahomet, Illinois, reared October 31, 1946. from gall of Rhopalotnyia antlwpliila O. S. in inflorescence of Solid ago, S. E. Lienk. Allotypc, <$. Same data as for holotype. Paratypcs. Same data as for holotype, 15$; same, Septem- ber 21, 1946, 1 $; September 24, 2 $; September 28. 7 $. Holotype, allotype, and 23 $ paratypes deposited in the Illinois Natural History Survey collection ; 2 5 paratypes deposited in the U. S. National Museum. This species runs to T. silvaticus Gahan in my synopsis be- cause the first funicle segment of the antenna is slightly longer than the second, the marginal vein of the forewing is three and Iviii, '47| ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 87 one-half times as long as the stigmal vein, the propodeum pos- sesses a nearly smooth surface, with the paraspiracular carinae wanting, and the spiracles almost touch the anterior propodeal margin. The two differ in that T. silvaticus never shows irides- cent colored reflections, while anthophilus is faintly iridescent ; EXPLAXATIOX OF PLATE 1. Tetrastichus anthophilus, anterior aspect of $ head. 2. T. hcspcrius. anterior aspect of ? head. 3. T. anthophilus, lateral aspect of ? antenna. 4. T. hcspcrius, lateral aspect of ? antenna. in silvaticus the length of the malar space is one-half as great as the height of the compound eye, while the length of the malar space in anthophilus is two-thirds as great as the height of the compound eye ; the first funicle segment of the antenna is shorter than the pedicel in sik'aticus, while it is slightly longer than the pedicel in anthophilus; and the second and third funicle seg- ments are equal in length in silraticus, hut the third is shorter than the second in anthophilus. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 Tetrastichus hesperius, new species (Figs. 2, 4) Jet black, non-iridescent ; antennae brown, yellowish toward apex of club ; trochanters, apices of femora, bases and apices of tibiae, and basal segments of tarsi, very light yellowish-brown; basal part of femora black ; middle part of tibiae and apical seg- ment of each tarsus, dark brown. Head, body, and appendages clothed with relatively-long, erect, silvery bristles and hairs ; hair borne by compound eyes relatively long, fig. 2. Female. Length 1.4-1.8 mm. Maximum width of head one and one-half times as great as width of pronotum; antennae inserted dorsad of ventral margins of compound eyes, but ven- trad of center of frons, fig. 2 ; scape short, its apex reaching only to level of ventral margin of anterior ocellus; antenna, fig. 4, with scape only one-seventh longer than pedicel and first funicle segment combined ; pedicel one-eighth shorter than first funicle segment, second and third funicle segments equal in length and each as long as pedicel, club twice as long as third funicle seg- ment ; height of compound eye twice as great as length of malar space ; ocellocular and postocellar lines equal in length, or ocel- locular line very slightly the longer. Mesopraescutum with maximum length slightly greater than maximum width, one row of bristles present at each lateral margin ; surface of mesoprae- scutum very lightly shagreened, almost smooth ; median longi- tudinal furrow only faintly indicated, obsolescent ; submarginal vein of forewing with four to six dorsal bristles, marginal vein three times as long as stigmal ; apex of hindwing blunt, fringe at posterior margin one-third as wide as wing at hamuli ; meso- scutellum bearing three pairs of bristles. Surface of propodeum lightly shagreened, paraspiracular carinae absent ; spiracles con- tiguous with anterior margin of propodeum ; median length of propodeum one-third as great as length of mesoscutellum ; gaster short, compact, its length only slightly greater than that of thorax, and maximum widths of thorax and gaster equal ; all of gaster but median dorso-basal area clothed with relatively long, dense, silvery pubescence ; asetose area polished, setose area lightly shagreened ; gaster relatively blunt at apex, ovi- positor not produced. Iviii, '47] ' ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 89 Length 1.3-1.7 mm. Antenna having scape with darkened anterior carina extending almost its entire length ; pedicel one-fourth longer than first funicle segment, second funicle one-third longer than first, third and fourth equal in length and each one-sixth longer than second ; cluh as long as third and fourth funicle segments combined; funicle segments enlarged at bases and these enlargements bearing long bristles ; gaster and thorax equal in length. Holotype, ?. West Frankfort, Illinois, reared May 27, 1946, from gall of Diplolepis ignota (Osten Sacken), on Rosa Carolina, S. E. Lienk. Allotype, <$. Same data as for holotype. Parat\pes. Same data as for holotype, 7 5- 5J 1 ; same. May 21, 1946, 1?; May 25, 1$; May 26, 7$, \<$\ May 31, 1$; June 1, 8$; June 3, 1 J. Holotype, allotype, and 23 $ and 5 J 1 paratypes deposited in the Illinois Natural History Survey collection ; 2 5 and 2 <$ para- types deposited in the U. S. National Museum. This species runs to Tetrastiches tcsserus Burks in having the head wider than the pronotum, the antennae inserted dorsad of the level of the ventral margins of the compound eyes, and the postocellar and ocellocular lines nearly or quite equal in length. The two species differ as follows : in hesperius the antennal scape extends only to the level of the ventral margin of the anterior ocellus, while the scape exceeds the level of the vertex in tcs- serus; hesperius lacks the characteristic scale-like reticulated surface of the thorax, possessed by tesscrus; in hesperius the mesopraescutum is elongate and narrow, while it is compact and semiquadrate in tcsserus; and in tcsserus the gaster is twice as long as the thorax, while the gaster and thorax are equal in length in licspcrius. It should be noted that hesperius also shows some similarity to T. varicornis (Girault), although the antennae seem to be quite different in the two. T. varicornis is, however, at present known only from a single mutilated speci- men ; the antennae are preserved on a microscope slide and might have become distorted when the slide mount was prepared. The remains of the type of varicornis are in the U. S. National Museum. 90 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 Two New Elateridae (Coleoptera) By JOSEPH N. KNULL, The Ohio State University * Genitalia of the following species have been mounted on slides in balsam and drawn from dorsal surface. Type material in writer's collection. Dalopius allegheniensis n. sp. Fig. 1. Male. Narrow, elongate, shining, dark brown, apical margin and hind angles of pronotum, mouth parts, apex of last abdomi- nal segment and legs lighter brown; pubescence moderate. Head densely, finely punctate; antennae extending over two segments beyond hind angles of pronotum when laid along side, scape stout, second and third segments about equal in length, fourth nearly as long as second and third united, fifth to tenth inclusive decreasing in length, last segment slightly longer than tenth. Pronotum longer than wide, widest at basal angles, con- stricted at apex; sides expanded back of apex, constricted back of middle, hind angles divergent ; lateral margin continuous, its junction with anterior margin external to that of prosternal suture; disk moderately convex, slight trace of median depres- sion, hind angles strongly carinate ; surface densely finely punc- tured, punctures more numerous along sides and at base. Scu- tellum elongate, minutely punctate. Elytra with sides subparallel on basal half, gradually converg- ing back of middle, apices truncate, surface with fine, oval, nearly contiguous punctures forming striae, interspaces minutely punc- tate. Length of aedeagus 1.5 mm. Length, 8.3 mm. ; width, 2.1 mm. Variations. Umbone in some specimens light brown in color. Holotype male labeled Renova, PENNSYLVANIA., June 17, J. N. Knull. Paratypcs from same locality, also Sullivan Co., PENNSYLVANIA, June 3, 1933 and Columbus, OHIO, Sept. 11, 1936, all collected by author. * Contribution from Department of Zoology and Entomology. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 91 This species should be placed after D. cognatits Br. according to Brown's key. 1 Dalopius ohioensis n. sp. Fig. 2. Male. Size and form of D. alleglicniensis ; shining dark brown, apical margin and sides of pronotum, scutellum. umbone, last three segments of abdomen, mouth parts and legs lighter brown. Fig. 1. Dalopius allcyhcnicnsis n. sp. Fig. 2. Dalopius ohioensis n. sp. Head densely, finely punctured ; antennae extending over three segments beyond apices of hind angles of pronotum when !\V. J. Brown, 1934, Can. Ent. 66:35. 92 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 laid along side ; second segment shorter than third, fourth segment nearly as long as second and third together, segments five to ten inclusive gradually decreasing in length, eleventh longer than tenth. Pronotum and scutellum with proportions and sculpture simi- lar to preceding. Elytra similar to preceding, apices emargi- nately truncate. Length of aedeagus 1.2 mm. Length, 8.1 mm.; width, 2.1 mm. Holotype labeled Hocking Co., OHIO, May 26, 1938. Para- types from same locality May 20, June 5-14, all collected by D. ]". and J. N. Knull. This species should be placed next to D. vetulus Br. Unusual Larval Habitat of Ficalbia (Mimomyia) splendens (Theo.) and Aedomyia africana N.-L. By LEWIS BERNER, Department of Biology, University of Florida G. H. E. Hopkins, in his "Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Re- gion," 1 states (p. 66) that Ficalbia splendens breeds "In clear water in borrow-pits, water-holes and the margins of swamps, invariably among Pistia, with which the association appears to be absolute." Of Aedomyia africana, he says (p. 89), "The con- stant feature of all breeding-places of this species is the presence of Pistia." During 1943 and 1944, these two species were found not only among Pistia stratiotes, as Hopkins states, but also in ponds covered with duckweed (Lemna sp.), where there was no Pistia. These collections were made at Sangalkam, Senegal, French West Africa and at Atima, a village near Accra, Gold Coast, British West Africa. The larvae were usually associated with Anopheles junestns Giles, A. coustani sicmanni Grunb., Cnlc.r poicilipcs (Theo.), Mansonioidcs africanus (Theo.), M. -itni- jorinis (Theo.), and Ficalbia pallida (Edwards). 1 British Museum (Natural History), 1936. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 93 On the Gorytine Wasps of the West Irfdies (Hymenoptera : Sphecidae) By V. S. L. PATE, Ithaca, New York Five species of Gorytine wasps, distributee! among three gen- era, occur in the West Indies. These are found only on one or more of the Greater Antilles ; none are known as yet from any of the Leeward or Windward Islands. In 1798 Fabricius described the first Antillean Gorytine as Mellinus tristrigat-us from the "Insulae Americae meridionalis" ; this is probably a Psainmaecius of the subgenus Hoplisoides. A decade later Latreille recorded Stisus Hogardii from the is- land of Santo Domingo ; this species is now referable to the nomi- nate subgenus of Sphccius, and has been reported from Jamaica. Cuba, and the Bahama Islands as well as from Hispaniola. Fi- nally in 1865, Cresson characterized two Cuban species : Harpac- tus insularis and H. scitulus, both of which are referable to Psaniniaccius. Handlirsch considers the latter identical with tristrigatus of Fabricius, but until more evidence is forthcoming than that adduced by Handlirsch, I prefer to regard Cresson's scitulus a valid species. Two additional new species, Ochlerop- tera Jamaica and Psatnniaccius alaya, are described below. Cuba, at present, has three known Gorytines : Sphccius (Sphc- cius) hogardii (Latr.), Psaniniaccius (Hoplisoides'} Insularis (Cresson), and Psainmaecius (Hoplisoides) scitulus (Cresson). The cicada killer, SpJieciits hogardii (Latr.), has been reported from the Bahama Islands. Hispaniola is known to harbour two species, Sphccius hogardii (Latr.) and Psaniniaccius alaya. de- scribed below. Jamaica, in addition to Sphccius hogardii (Latr.), now numbers Ochleroptera Jamaica, described below, as a member of its fauna. Puerto Rico, smallest of the Greater An- tilles, is known at present to harbour only a single Gorytine, Psainmaecius scitulus (Cress.). When the wasp fauna of the Caribbees is more fully known, many of the islands, particularly Jamaica, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico, as well as perhaps some of the Lesser Antilles, will be found to have a larger representation of Gorytines than is known at present. 94 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 Ochleroptera Jamaica new species The present species is closely related to the North American continental form, bipunctata (Say), but is distinguished from it by the strongly concave mesothoracic epipleura, the absence of a carinule bisecting the dorsal trigonal enclosure of the pro- podeum, the strongly and vertically striatopunctate lateral areas of the propodeum, and the very finely and sparsely punctate ab- dominal tergites and sternites. Type. <$ ; Morce's Gap, Blue Mountains, JAMAICA.* Eleva- tion, 4,980 feet. July 21, 1923. (James A. G. Rehn ; in mountain rain-forest.) [Academy of Natural Sciences of Phil- adelphia, Type no. 10603.] Male. Length 5.25 mm. Fulgid black ; the following eburne- ous : palpi, mandibles except red apices ; clypeus except apical margin and a large obtrapeziform discal spot extending to dorsal margin ; scape anteriorly with a stripe lengthwise ; pronotum dorsally ; pronotal tubercles ; postscutellum ; second abdominal tergite with a small, transverse, oval spot laterally on each side ; fore tibiae with a stripe lengthwise on outer faces ; middle and hind tibiae with small spots at base ; all tarsi except for bases of all metatarsi and last segment which are brunneous ; middle coxae with a large spot beneath. Tegulae and axillary sclerites black. Wings clear hyaline ; veins and stigma very dark brun- neous. Head fulgid ; clypeus and supraclypeal area to antennal sockets and a line along inner orbits with dense, appressed, silvery sericeous pile ; remainder of head with a thin vestiture of ap- pressed, silvery puberulent hair. Front with very fine and close setigerous punctures ; bisected by a strong impression running down from anterior ocellus. Vertex and temples subpolite, with scattered fine setigerous punctures ; ocelli in a very low broad triangle, the ocellocular line about three-eighths (0.385) the postocellar distance. Antennae situated toward middle of face, one-half the length of clypeus above its dorsal margin ; scape * V .: Shreve, F. A montane rain-forest: a contribution to the physio- logical plant geography of Jamaica. Carnegie lust. Washington, Publ. no. 199 (1914). U'iii. '47 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 95 cylindrical to obterete, about four-ninths (0.45) the vertical eye length; pedicel suborcate ; flagellum simple, filiform to weakly clavate apically; relative lengths: scape 18; pedicel 6; flagellar segment one 8, two 6, three 6, four 6, five 7, six 7, seven 6.5, eight 6, nine 6, ten 7, eleven 9. Clypeus transversely subhexagonal, twice as broad as long, its median length nearly three-eighths (0.35) the vertical eye length; disc flat to very weakly tumid; abruptly inflexed preapically before the narrow, linear, flat, truncate apical flange. Thorax with a very thin and inconspicuous clothing of short, decumbent, silvery hair throughout. Mesonotum simple, with fine, very widely separated, setigerous punctures ; scutellum and postscutellum punctured like mesonotum. Mesopleura with fine separated punctures ; epimera finely, horizontally striate ; epipleura completely and deeply concave. Propodeum with trigonal dorsal enclosure strongly impressed, finely, radiatdv costulate on basal half but not bisected by a carinule, the apical half polite ; "remainder of dorsal and posterior faces and posterior half of lateral faces strongly, vertically striatopunctate ; posterior face bisected by a deep furrow, and at base by a strong carinuU- forking above into a broad U-shaped one ; lateral carinae present basally ; lateral faces with anterior half subpolite. Legs simple, normal for genus. Longer hind tibial calcar two- fifths the length of slender hind metatarsi. Fore wing with radial cell narrow, elongate, lanceolate, apex acuminate, four times as long as wide ; radius with abscissae : first 7, second 10, third 14, fourth 24; cubitus with abscissae: first 26, second 20, third 20 ; first recurrent vein received in apex of first submarginal cell just before first transverse cubital vein ; second recurrent vein interstitial with second transverse cubital vein. Hind wing with cubitus arising three times the length of the short, straight, perpendicular transverse median vein beyond that vein. Abdomen fulgid ; with a very thin vestiture of fine, short, de- cumbent silvery hair throughout. First segment petioliform, subnodose at apex. First two tergites with very fine, separated .setigerous acupunctures; remaining tergites finely but more dis- 96 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 tinctly punctate ; sixth with a transverse, subsemicircular pygidial area, the disc more distinctly punctate than preceding tergite. Sternites shining, with scattered, sparse, fine punctures. This Jamaican species is known only from the unique male described above. Psammaecius (Hoplisoides) alaya l new species This Hispaniolan species is closely related to the Cuban scitnlus but may be distinguished from the latter by its larger size, ivory white maculations, immaculate propodeum, and the dark brunneous costa and stigma of the fore wings. Type. ($; SAN DOMINGO. (No other data. 2 ) [Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Type no. 10604.] Male. Length 7.5 mm. Black; the following eburneous : clypeus dorsally ; inner orbits with a narrow line ; scapes with spot at base and apex ; pronotum dorsally ; pronotal tubercles with a spot ; prepectus with a large spot behind tubercles ; scu- tellum with a broad transverse stripe on posterior half; first, second and fourth abdominal tergites with a narrow apical fas- cia; second sternite laterally with an elongate, transverse spot on each side ; fore and middle tibiae with a stripe lengthwise on outer faces ; middle metatarsi. Fore and hind tarsi dark fulvous. Tegulae and axillary sclerites dark brunneous. Fore wings with anterior half deeply infumated, particularly in marginal, sub- marginal, first discoidal, and apex of median cell ; remainder of wings only weakly tinted ; veins and stigma concolorous, dark brunneous. Head subfulgid ; with a moderate vestiture of appressed sil- very hair throughout ; impunctate save for a few scattered punc- tures on front and disc of clypeus. Eyes moderately convergent toward clypeus ; front bisected by a weak groove from anterior ocellus. Ocellocular line two-thirds the postocellar distance ; occipital carina strongly flanged, almost attaining the flanged hypostomal carinule bordering the broad, shallow, subtrigonal 1 After the Alaya, who formerly inhabited Hispaniola. 2 This material was" probably collected by M. Abbott Frazar in or about Sanchez in the Samana District of the Dominican Republic. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 97 oral fossa. Antennae situated a little above the dorsal margin of clypeus ; scapes thick, subcylindrical, one-half the vertical eye length ; pedicel suborcate ; flagellum simple, gently clavate api- cally, none of segments emarginate or dentate beneath ; relative lengths : scape 10 ; pedicel 2 ; flagellar segment one 5. two 4, three 3, four 3, nine 3, ten 3, eleven 5. Clypeus irregularly transversely subhexagonal, twice as broad as long, the median length two- fifths the vertical eye length ; disc gently tumid ; with a weak, truncate apical flange ; lateral angles without hair pencils. Thorax polite, impunctate; with a thin clothing of appressed silvery hair throughout. Suture between mesonotum and scu- tellum strongly foveolate ; mesosternum strongly carinate for entire width. Propodeum with vestiture similar to thorax; dorsal face with trigonal enclosure defined by weak impressed lines, the apex ending in a small but strong fovea, bisected by a narrow marginate groove, laterad of which on each side are three well separated short carinules running for only one-third of the enclosure, the remainder polite ; remainder of dorsal and posterior faces with very few, widely scattered, fine punctures ; posterior face with a strong carinule curving up on each side from just above hind coxae, bisected by a weak carinule, the supravalvular area weakly, irregularly costulate ; lateral faces polite, impunctate. Legs simple, unmodified. Middle and hind tibiae very weakly spinose. Longer calcar of hind tibiae one-half length of hind metatarsi. Abdomen perfulgid ; sessile ; with a very fine and inconspicu- ous clothing of short, decumbent silvery hair. Tergites very sparsely and weakly punctate : the first two very finely, the third to fifth more strongly, the sixth almost coarsely; seventh com- pletely obtect. Sternites polite, \vith a few fine, scattered, mod- erate punctures ; fifth and sixth with concealed hair brushes basally. Allotype. 5 > Topotypical ; same data as type. Female. Length 8 mm. Agrees with the male (type) ex- cept as follows : 98 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 Livery essentially the same, but maculations as follows : cly- peus entirely ; inner orbital stripe broader, wider ; prepectus al- most entirely ; abdominal fasciae wider ; stripes on fore and middle tibiae larger; hind tibiae with a large elongate subbasal spot ; fore and middle femora with a large ovate spot apically be- neath ; mesosternal prongs with a small spot ; middle coxae with a small spot beneath at apex. Head as in male but eyes not as strongly convergent toward clypeus. Ocellocular line five-eighths the postocellar distance. Antennal scapes about five-ninths (0.56) the vertical eye length; relative lengths : scape 13 ; pedicel 3 ; flagellar segment one 6, two 4, three 3.5, four 3.5, eight 3, nine 3, ten 4. Clypeus shorter and more subrectangular, median length about four-tenths (0.43) the vertical eye length, and twice as broad as long. Thorax and propodeum essentially the same but posterior face of latter more strongly wrinkled than male. Abdomen with first two tergites almost impunctate, the follow- ing tergites more finely and sparsely punctate than male. Sixth tergite with an elongate trigonal pygidial area, the disc polite, with scattered coarse punctures. Paratypes. In addition to the types, I have examined five males and sixteen females, -all topotypic. These agree with the types in all essential features of livery and structure. Personal Ezra T. Cresson, Jr., the well-known dipterist, long Asso- ciate Editor of "Entomological News," and for many years As- sociate Curator of Insects at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, resigned the latter post as of July first of the present year. Having served the Academy as a member of the staff of his department for thirty-nine years, Mr. Cresson in- tends to continue his studies free of the responsibilities of bixtader curatorial work. In recognition of his studies and their value to the institution, he has been appointed to the honorary post of Research Fellow of the Academy by its Board of Trustees. lyiii, '47| ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Notes on the Type Locality of Speyeria egleis secreta dos Passes and Grey By P. S. REMINGTON, JR., St. Louis, Missouri In the "American Museum Xovitates." Number 1297, en- titled "A New Species and Some New Subspecies of Speyeria." by C. F. dos Passos and L. P. Grey, a new subspecies of Spey- eria montivaga (since dropped for egleis), named secreta is de- scribed. The type material is described as follows : ''The holo- type male and the allotype female are from Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, 8000 feet, July 1942, collected by Roy Wiest in the Estes Park area." Students of Lepidoptera who are interested in collecting rare species in type localities should know that the subspecies secreta, which is a perfectly recogniz- able race, is a Western slope race and is not really found in the Estes Park area. Additional records of the occurrence of thi- subspecies establish this fact clearly and a correction of the tvpe locality named above as "in the Estes Park area" should be made. On August 11, 1946 the writer, in company with Dr. Roy \Yiest and Donald Eff, visited the ravine where the type series was caught. This spot is at least twenty-five miles from the Estes Park area and is across the Continental Divide, which cuts through the middle of Rocky Mountain National Park. One proceeds from Estes Park by way of either the Trail Ridge Road or the older Fall River Road over the Divide at a height of more than 12,000 feet. The road then drops down about 2,000 feet to Poudre Lakes and on to the headwaters of the Colorado River. A short distance beyond Poudre Lakes, a small ravine angles off to the left of the road and this is the spot where Dr. Wiest told us he found secreta. None were flying that day. probably because secreta flies earlier in the year. The only Spcvcria we saw was S. mortnonia eitrynouie. If secreta is living and breeding in the canyons on the wi-^t >1ope of the Divide and westward, it is easy to see for one \\\\ has made the trip as we did, that the insect would have difficulty 100 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 crossing miles of windswept tundra uncongenial to it along the Trail Ridge to establish itself on the east slope. It is extremely doubtful whether it will ever be found on the east slope. Cor- roborative evidence of this view is now available. In February. 1946, the writer sent several hundred Spcycria to L. P. Grey for determination. These were nearly all collected by the author and his son during the past ten years mainly in the Rocky Moun- tain area from Pike's Peak and Hall Valley on the south up through Mt. Evans, Rocky Mountain National Park, the Snowy Range and the Tetons in Wyoming to Bozeman, Montana, north of Yellowstone. In all this mass of material there were three specimens of secrcta collected by P. S. and C. L. Remington in the Routt National Forest on July 5, 1941, about fifty miles west of Rocky Mountain National Park. These specimens were obtained in ravines similar to the type locality at an altitude of about 9,000 feet. One ravine was in Rabbit Ears Pass and an- other in Muddy Pass as one descends toward Steamboat Springs. The evidence strongly suggests that sccreta, well named, is a very uncommon race of cglcis living in rather hidden ravines west of the Continental Divide at altitudes of eight to ten thou- sand feet in the Continental Plateau As dos Passes and Grey state, it can be easily overlooked among specimens of hesperis, but is fully distinct to the expert eye. The importance of correctly locating type localities is well known to the serious student of biology and much difficulty has arisen through carelessness in this matter. In 1924 the author and W. J. Clench of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard spent three months attempting to locate type localities in which J. G. Anthony collected in 1853 and it was by no means easy to find many of these localities, due to inadequate data on labels and in the original descriptions. In order to be of value to future students and collectors, every specimen collected and preserved should be accurately labelled with exact locality so that anyone in the future can find that spot. Also the date of capture and ecologic data should be provided, if possible. This makes simpler the problems of taxonomists and ecologists in all branches of biology. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 101 The Appearance of Two Species of Exotic Cock- roaches in Center County, Pennsylvania By VERNON R. HABER, Pennsylvania State College In mid-October 1944, the author was called to control cock- roaches in an apartment in State College, Pa. Upon inves- tigation it was found that the pests were brown-handed cock- roaches, Sitpclla sitpellectiliuin (Serville), a tropical species of wide dispersal, and until rather recently regarded as of more common southern distribution. On May 10, 1946, Mr. Lewis Stannard, then a senior student in the Pennsylvania State College, Department of Zoology and Entomology, captured an adult male cockroach of the same species in an upland sphagnum-bog region adjacent to, if not in Center County, Pennsylvania. It was found far from build- ings of any kind, apparently wild. Since this species is re- garded as tropical and, if found in the north, it is usually taken from houses, one is inclined to believe that the specimen may have dropped from a picnic basket of a visitor to that region, or perhaps it dropped from a passing airplane. During the recent Christmas season, a cockroach taken from a shipment of tropical fruit sent into State College from Florida was submitted to me for identification. It is an adult female Australian cockroach, Periplaneta aiistralasiae (Fabricius). I believe that all three of the foregoing are the first published records of the appearance of these species in central Pennsyl- vania. Observations on the Mating of Ficalbia (Mimo- myia) splendens (Theo.) By LEWIS BERNER, Department of Biology, University of Florida At Sangalkam, three miles north of Rufisque, Senegal, French West Africa, Ficalbia (Aliinoinyia) splendens (Theo.) adults were observed in the act of mating on several occasions during 102 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 May, 1943. The mosquitoes were breeding along the quiet edge of a stagnant channel where water lettuce, Pistia stratiotcs, was growing in small clumps. Also present in this situation with the larvae of F. splcndens, were larvae of Aedoutyia africana N.-L., Culcx poicilipes (Theo.), and Anopheles fnncstits Giles. Adults were first noted while larval collections were being made. As the water lettuce was disturbed, the small mosquitoes flew up from the water giving the appearance of having just emerged. A more detailed examination revealed that the mosquitoes were fully mature and that numbers of them were resting in the strong rays of direct sunlight on the upper side of the Pistia leaves as well as on the shaded undersurface, not more than one- half to one inch above the water. When the mosquitoes were disturbed, they flew upwards to a maximum of six inches above the plants and then immediately descended to rest again on the leaves of the plants. The habit of resting in bright sunlight is not common among mosquitoes, most species normally pre- ferring dark hiding places. Copulation was first noted about three o'clock in the afternoon, while the adult mosquitoes were being collected with a suction tube. At this time, a pair of Ficalbia splendens was seen coupled in flight at a height of about three or four inches above the water lettuce. The coupling continued for only a few moments. A number of F ' . splcndens were noted pairing at about the same level above the water plants. h'iii, '47 | KXTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 103 Notes on Tanypteryx hageni The NEWS is indebted to Dr. James G. Needham for the fol- lowing extracts from a letter written by Mrs. Ruth Cooper \Yhitney of Portland, Oregon. The extracts comprise recent observations made by her on the habits of the rare and primitive dragonfly Tanypteryx hageni and also report a diligent search made by her for its unknown nymph, with useful hints to other collectors who may try to discover its whereabouts. They end with the question, Where ? "On July 28th, a clear and sunny Sunday, a number of Tan\pteryx were to be seen in mating and feeding flights above the cat-tail swale at Swim. They seemed to be taking off from a 'home base' on the warm sunny rocks that dotted the wet muddy trailway beside a white-painted post. Quite often one or more of them alighted on the sunny side of the post, and let me come close (within a foot or so) to examine them, when I did not have my net with me ! One or two sat flattened down on the low rocks with wings and legs widely outspread." "When they did take off, the flight was low, uneven, and much like that of a cabbage butterfly, only swifter. A height of per- haps twenty feet would be gained, and then the wing-flapping be- came gliding. The circling went beyond the cat-tail swale. One Tan\ptcr\x was seen a distance up the road beyond the picnic tables; but the 'home base' seemed to be always back at the Tom-Dick post." "I searched the swift little streamlets near the swale for nymphs but found not a sign of one. I also dug into rotton and damp logs ; scraped the slimy bottom of the swimming tank, and I almost did the cat-tails one by one, finding nothing but damsel- fly (Argia) skins. Where are the Tanyplcryx nymphs RUTH COOPER WHITNEY 104 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 Notice The NEWS was shocked to learn of the disappearance of Dr. Vernon R. Haber of State College, Pennsylvania. Dr. Haber is an associate professor at Pennsylvania State College and has been an occasional contributor to "Entomological News." He disappeared on the morning of June 3rd on his way to his office, therefore his family, physician and others be- lieve him a victim of amnesia. They are employing every means, including the offer of a large reward, that might lead to his recovery. By this notice, we hope to enlist the help of his fellow entomologists also. Dr. Haber is 59 years of age (looks more like 50), is 5 feet, 6 inches tall, weighs 135 pounds, has brown eyes, gray hair worn in a short pompadour and a reced- ing hair line. He ordinarily carries a hand lens in a black case. Notes and News in Entomology Under this heading we present, from time to time, notes, news, and comments. Contributions from readers are earnestly solicited and will be acknowledged when used. The eighth International Congress of Entomology will be held in Stockholm, Sweden, August 8-15, 1948. The fact that all steamship sailings are currently booked to capacity for months in advance makes it seem necessary for those expecting to attend the congress in 1948 to arrange for passage as early as possible. Steamship companies have not issued sailing lists for 1948, but expect to do so in the early fall. A number of lines have listed sailings for the present season, among them, the Cunard, French, Belgian, Swedish, Norwegian, Gdynia (Polish), Holland- American, etc., the first mentioned expecting soon to have two new steamers in service. It is understood that the Thirteenth International Congress of Zoology will be held in Paris some time in July, 1948, and it is hoped that all entomologists going to Stockholm will plan to attend the Zoologi- cal Congress also in order that the interests of the entomolo- gists may be fully represented before the more comprehensive Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 105 body. Should a sufficient number of individuals indicate that they expect to sail about mid June, it may be feasible to engage passage on the same steamer. Early information as to the prob- able number of participants is especially desired in order that the housing committee in Stockholm may make the necessary arrangements. The undersigned, as member of the executive committee, would appreciate it if he be kept informed as early as possible as to plans of those expecting to attend the sessions. O. A. JOHANNSEN. Comstock Hall, C. U., Ithaca, N. Y. June, 1947. A letter just received from Dr. Otto Krober, well known dipterist of Hamburg, Germany, states that of the rich insect collection at the Zoologisches Museum und Institut in Hamburg, not a single specimen was saved, and not one of the types. Likewise, his own special collection, which was particularly rich in types and material of Tabanidae and Conopidae, and which was stored in the Museum, was entirely destroyed, together with all of his literature and manuscripts. This news differs from previous reports that types were saved even though the museum building and display collections were destroyed. C. W. SA- BROSKY. Current Entomological Literature COMPILED BY EDWIN T. MOUL, RAYMOND Q. BLISS, CHARLES HODGE IV, MAURICE E. PHILLIPS, JOHN W. H. REHN AND HENRY K. TOWNES, JR. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrele- vant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species \vifl be recorded. This list gives references of the current or preceding year unless otherwise noted. Continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installment. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record, Office of Ex- periment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Entomology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. NOTE: The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper ap- peared, as numbered in the List of periodicals and serials published in our January and June issues. The number of the volume, and in some cases, the parr, heft. &r. is followed by a colon (:). References to papers containing new forms or name-; n it so stated in titles are followed by (*): if containing keys are followed by ( k") : p;tprrs pertainim* exclu- ; i \Yotropical species, and not so indicated in the title, have tin- symbol (S) Papers published in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS are not list, ,1 106 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 GENERAL Alicata, J. E. Parasites and parasitic dis- eases of domestic animals in the Hawaiian Islands. [Pa- cific Science, Honolulu] 1 : 69-84. Brues, C. T. Contribu- tions of entomology to theoretical biology. [81] 64: 123-34, ill. Cole, A. C., Jr. Illustrated keys to the immature forms (exclusive of eggs, nymphs, and pupae) of the more com- mon orders and families of Tennessee insects. [47] 22: 28-44, ill. Corona, L. T. Algunos insectos enemigos del aguacate en las zonas productoras de Queretaro, Guana- juato y Tamaulipas. [Fitofilo, Mexico] 4: 352-63, ill. Duncan, C. D. Some remarks on the influence of insects on human welfare. [60] 23: 1-10. Proverbs and Morri- son Relative insecticidal activities of DDT and related or- ganic molecules. [24] 25 : 12-44. Starkey, G. S. A method of preparing permanent slides of mosquito larvae and other arthropods in a tropical or semi-tropical climate. [\V. Va. Univ. Bull.] 47: 25-26. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, MEDICAL Chauvin, R. Contribution a 1'etude physiologique du criquet pelerin et du determinisme des phenomenes gregaires. [107] 110: 133-272, ill.; Sur le phototropisme des orthopteres. [108] 46: 150-54. 1941. Deschamps, P. Sur la digestion du bois par les larves de Cerambycides. [108] 49: 104-08, ill. Hudson, G. B. Studies in the comparative anatomy and systemic importance of the hexapod tentorium. II. Der- maptera, Embioptera and Isoptera. [Jour. Ent. Soc. S. Africa, Pretoria] 9: 99-110, ill. Lhoste, J. Aperqu anato- mique et histologique du tube digestif de Forficula auricn- laria L. [108] 46: 43-46, ill. Marshall, W. S. The labral sense organs of the red-legged grasshopper, Melanoplus femur-rubrum. [Trans. Wise. Acad. Sci., Arts and Let- ters, Madison] 37: 137-48; The rectal glands of mosquitoes, [ibid.] 37: 149-55, ill. McCoy E. E. Elimination of a microsporidian parasite in the mass rearing of Macrocen- trus ancylivorous. [45] 55 : 51-55. Millot, J. L'anatomie interne des Ricinulei (Arachnides). [Annal. des Sciences Naturelles, Paris] 7: 1-29. Paulian, R. Observations bio- logiques et anatomiques sur Agyrtes bicolor Lap. [ 108] 50: 12-16, ill. 1945. Roonwal, M". L. Variation and struc- ture of the eyes in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal). [Proc. Royal Soc., Ser. B] 134: 245-72, ill. Siang-Hsu, W. On the cytoplasmic elements in the mid- gut epithelium of the larvae of Drosophila melanogaster. [44] 80: 161-93, ill. Sotavalta, O. Some studies on the Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL XE\VS 107 flying tones of insects and the determination of the fre- quency of the wing strokes. [Suomen Hyonteistieteellinen Aikakauskirja, Fennici] 7: 32-52. Tragardh, I. Contri- butions toward the comparative morphology of the Meso- stigmata (Acarina). Praesternal hairs and the male geni- tal aperture. [Entom. Tidskrift, Stockholm] 3: 88-108. 1946. Verrier, M. L. rRemarques stir les yeux de la Squille (Squilla mantis L.) (Crustacea). [108] 46: 6-9, ill. Wig- glesworth, V. B. The epicuticle in an insect, Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera). [Proc. Royal Soc., Ser. B] 134: 163-81, ill. Wilkes, A. The effects of selective breeding on the laboratory propagation of insect parasites. [Proc. Royal Soc., Ser. B] 134: 227-45. Wilson, L. P. Tolerance of larvae of Drosophila for amino acids : methionine, cystine and cysteine. [Growth] 10: 361-73. Wulff and Jahn The electroretinogram of Cynomya. [45] 55: 65-83. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA Chamberlin, R. V. Seven new American millipeds. [63] 60: 9-16, ill. ; On four new American chilopods. [60] 23: 3739, ill. Gertsch, W. J. Spiders that lasso their prey. [56] 56: 152-58, ill. Goodnight, C. J. and M. L. An example of subspeciation in the Phalangida. [45] 55: 35-42; ill. (S.). Hoff, C.- New species of diplosphyronid pseudoscorpions from Aus- tralia. [73] 54: 36-56, ill. (*). Millet, J. (See under Anatomy.) Strandtmann, R. W. Atricholaelaps mega- ventralis, a new species of parasitic mite (Laelaptidae). [65] 49: 112-14, ill. Tragardh, I. Acarina. (See under Anatomy.) SMALLER ORDERS Banks, N. Some neropterous insects from Szechwan, China. [Fieldiana-Zoology, Chi- cago] 31 : 97-107, ill. Berger, B. G. How to recognize and control termites in Illinois. [111. Xat. Hist. Survey, Ur- bana] Circular 41 : 1-44, ill. Carriker, M. A., Jr. S'tudies in neotropical mallophaga (ix) ; Amblycera of the new world Galliformes, Part I, The genus Menacanthus. [76] 7: 115-37, ill. (*). Paclt, J. Short observations on the nomenclature of some generic names in Collembola. [No- tulae Entomologicae, Helsinki] 26: 82-85. Traub, R. A new species of flea of the genus Opisodasys from Mexico. [48] 37: 134-39, ill. Valle, K. J. A small" list of Odonata from U. S. A. [Suomen Hyonteistieteellinen Aikakaus- kirja, Fennica] 8: 163-66, ill. ORTHOPTERA Chauvin R. (See under Anatonu Marshall, W. S. (See under Anatomy.) Ramme, W".- 108 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 Beitrage zur Kenntnis cler palaearktischen Orthopteren- fauna. (Teffig. u. Acrid.) III. [Mitteilungen aus clem Zoologischen Mus., Berlin] 24: 41-150, ill. (*). Rehn, J. A. G. Notes on the phasmid genus Isagoras, with the description of six new species. [62] 99: 1-19, ill. (*). Roonwal, M. L. (See under Anatomy.) HEMIPTERA Jeannel, R. Nouveaux Henicocepha- lides sudamericains. [108] 48: 125-28, ill., 1943. Knowl- ton, G. F. A small sage aphid. [60] 23: 35-36. Oman, P. W. Types of auchenorrhynchous homoptera in the Iowa State College. [34] 21: "161-228, ill.; Miscellaneous notes on Cicadellidae. [45] 55: 59-63. Ruckes, H. Notes and keys on the genus Brochymena (Pentatomidae). [27] 26: 143-238, ill. (k>. Tuthill, L. D. New species of the genus Triozoida (Psyllidae). [60] 23: 31-34. Villiers, A. Note sur deux Reduvides Africano-bresilieus constituant une nouvelle sous-famille. [108] 49: 79-83, ill. (k*). 1944. Wigglesworth, V. B. (See under Anatomy.) LEPIDOPTERA D'Andretta e Travassos Filho Romual-disca dalmeidai n.g., n.sp. de Ctenuchidae. [Livro de homenagem a R. F. d'Almeida] 3: 17-40, ill. Maria, H. A. Algo sobre esfingidos colombianos. [76] 7 : 53-57, ill. McCoy, E. E. (See under Anatomy.) Paskevsky, V. Formes nouvelles et rares d'agrias de la collection de Mine. G. Fournier (nymphalids). [108] 45: 93-100, ill. (S). 1940. Rawson, G. W. Moths congregating around the nest of Polistes wasps. [45] 55: 42. Rindge, F. H.- Designation and distribution of types of Nepticula braunella (nepticulidae). [60] 23: 25. Rosseau-Decelle, G. Notes sur quelques formes nouvelles de Papilio americains. [108] 48: 109-13. 1943. Tilden, J. W. An occurrence of the pupa of Glaucopsyche lygdamus behrii in an ant nest (Lycaenidae). [60] 23: 42^3. Wind and Clench The genus Callictita. [73] 54: 57-61 (*). DIPTERA Abbott, C. E. Distribution of malarial vec- tors. [100] 25 : 82-83 ; The eggs of mosquitoes. [100] 25 : 98-99. Bailey, N. S. Field notes on Tabanus nigrovit- tatus. [73] 62-64. Baisas, F. E. Notes on Philippine mosquitoes. XL New species of Tripteroides. [Fieldiana. Zoology, Chicago] 31 : 121-124, ill. Champlain, A. B. Bird-flies. [Pa. Game News] 18: 17, ill. Fluke and Hall The Cartosyrphus flies of N. Amer. (Syrphidae). [Trans. Wise. Acad. Sci., Arts and Letters, Madison] 37: 221-63, ill (k*). Galindo, P. Anopheles xelajuensis De Leon, a Iviii, '47 j ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 109' new addition to the known Anopheline fauna of Panama. [60] 23: 44. Huckett, H. C. The N. A. sp. of the sub- genus Botanophila, Genus Hylemyia sens. lat. (Mus.). [45] 55 : 1-33. ill. (k*). King and Hoogstraal New Guinea species of mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, subgenus Aedes. [48] 37: 113-34, ill. (k*). Lane, J. The larva, pupa and adults of Wyeomyia melanopus (Culicidae). [65] 49: 97- 101. ill. Marshall, W. S. (See under Anatomy.) Mc- Swain and Bohart Some records of parasitism of solitary bees by Conopid flies. [60] 23: 30. Penn, G. H. Tin- larva of Aedes (Leptosomatomyia) aurimargo (Culicidae). [65] 49: 103-05, ill. Rapp, W. F., Jr. The Pipunculidae of Quebec. [Canadian Field Naturalist, Ottawa] 60: 105. Siang-Hsu, W. (See under Anatomy.) Venturi, F. Studio biologico del genere Cerodonta Rond. [106] 31: 191-226, ill. Venturi, F. (See under Anatomy.) Wilson, L. P. (See under Anatomy.) Wulff and Jahn (See un- der Anatomy.) COLEOPTERA Blackaller, A. El mayate del tomate de Cascura [Fitofilo, Mexico]. 4: 364-70, ill. Chamber- lain, K. F. Notes on the ecology of Hydroporus rufiplanu- lus (Dytisc.). [45] 55: 57-58." Deschamps, P. (See un- der Anatomy.) Dethlefsen, E. S. Notes on some Coleop- tera taken from wet paint. [60] 23: 36. Lotte, F. Une Psiloptera nouvelle du Bresil. [108] 45: 59-60, ill. 1940. Maria, H. A. Catalog sistematico, sinonimicoy geografico- de los insectos del genero Carabus (latu sensu) que figuran en la coleccion del Museo del Institute de la Salle. [76] 7: 57-62, ill. Mansfield, G. S. Notes on Hippomelas califor- nicus (Horn) and Chrysobothris cyanella (Buprestidae). [60] 23 : 40-42 ; Northward range extension of Oeme gracilis (Cerambycidae). [60] 23:43. Mansfield and Tilden An additional locality for Aulicus terrestris (Cleridae). [60] 23: 34. Paulian, R. Coleopteres Scarabaeidae nouveaux. [108] 47: 58-61, ill. 1942. Paulian, R. (See under Anat- omy.) Ritcher, P. O. Description of the larva of Ple- ocoma hirticollis Vandykei (Scarabaeidae). [60] 23: 11-20. ill. Ulke, T. A new genus and species of Curculionidae in Baltic Amber. [109] 193: 1-7, ill. HYMENOPTERA Banks, N. Synopsis of west coast Cerceridae. [73] 54: 1-35, ill. (k*). 'Benoist, R. Les hy- menopteres qui habitent les tiges de Rouce aux environs de (Juito (Equateur). [107] 111: 75-90 (*). 1942. Cocke- rell, T. D. A. A new genus of bees from Honduras (An- 110 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [April, '47 thidiinae). [65] 49: 106. Enzmann, J. Hercvnia a new genus of myrmicine ants. [45] 55: 43-47 (S). McCoy, E. E. (See under Anatomy.) McSwain and Bohart (See under Diptera.) Michener, C. D. Some observations on Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus lustrans (Halictid). [45] 55: 49-50. Muesebeck, C. F. W. Two new species of Apan- teles from California (Branconidae). [60] 23: 21-24. Pate, V. S. L. A new genus and species of nocturnal wasps (MutillidaerChyphotini). [109] 192: \-A, ill.; New pem- philidine wasps, with notes on previously described forms : III. [104] 109: 16; On Williamsita, a genus of wasps from New Caledonia (Pemphilidini). [65] 49: 107-12 (*). Rawson, G. W. (See under Lepidoptera.) Smith, M. R. A new species of Megalomyrmex from Barro Colorado Is- land, Canal Zone (Formicidae). [65] 49: 101-3. Tilden, J. W. (See under Lepidoptera.) Timberlake, P. H. Two new species of bees from Arizona (Aphoidea). [60] 23: 26-30, ill. (k*). Three New Entomological Serials On April 1, 1946, appeared the first number of a new serial THE COLEOPTERISTS' BULLETIN. This is a mimeoprinted journal published by the Sherwood Press of Dry- den, New York, under the editorship of Ross H. Arnett, Jr. The purpose of the Bulletin is "to provide closer cooperation among the various workers on Coleoptera by publishing a list of current workers and their specific interests and desires." In addition, "ecological and collecting notes, news items, short re- views, and notices of location of collections and types" will be featured. The first issue contains an annotated list of approxi- mately fifty American Coleopterists and two interesting short articles : one on collecting beetles in the Adirondacks by Henry Dietrich ; another by B. D. Valentine on Bougainville Coleoptera. The yearly subscription (10 issues) is $1.00, or 15 cents a single copy. In February 1946, the Sherwood Press issued the first number of another serial publication : SYSTEMA NATURAE. This is also mimeoprinted, and appears at irregular intervals. Each number contains a review or conspectus of some group of in- Iviii, '47J ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 111 sects : keys to most of the world genera, brief accounts of the group, its range, the number of species, and frequently bibli- ographic references to the original description, and the geno- types are given. To date the following eight numbers have ap- peared : No. 1 The Family Culicidae, 4 pp. (Feb. 1946). No. 1, Supplement Keys to the Genera of Culicidae, 7 pp. (March 1946). No. 2 The Family Cicindelidae. 7 pp. (March 1946). No. 3 The Order Coleoptera, Part I : A Key to the Families of the World; A Phylogenic List of the Families, 21 pp. (July 1946). No. 4 The Order Coleoptera, Part II: Number of species, range, catalogue & monographs ; Recent phylogenic stud- ies, pp. 22-32 (August 1946). No. 5 The Family Histeridae, Part I, pp. [i +] pp. 33^0 (Jan. 1947). No. 5a The Family Histeridae, Part II, pp. 41-43 (Feb. 1947). No. 6 The Fam- ily Silphidae, pp. 44-50 (March 1947). All of these contribu- tions are signed by Ross H. Arnett, Jr. The last number con- tains a notice stating that suitable manuscripts by others will be published in this series, and that all correspondence be addressed to the publishers, The Sherwood Press, Box 84, Dryden, N. Y. During May there appeared the first issue of another new serial, THE LEPIDOPTERISTS' NEWS, the monthly newsletter of the Lepidopterists' Society, edited by C. L. Rem- ington and H. K. Clench, P.O. Box 104; Cambridge 38, Massa- chusetts. It consists of 12 mimeographed pages and contains a number of features that are planned to appear regularly. On page 3 is a review of Ford's book on butterflies which is followed by four pages of references with brief notes on recent papers of interest to lepidopterists. Then follow miscellaneous notes and a biography (of W. H. Edwards), some notes on life-history studies, on collecting trips by members and a page of exchange notices by members. The aim of the Society is to promote the sound and progressive study of Lepidoptera. Dues for member- ship, including subscription to Lepidopterists' Xews for 1947 are $1.00. The ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS extends a cordial welcome to the Sherwood Press and its editor. Mr. Arnett; and to Messers Remington and Clench and wishes them all success in their m-w ventures. EXCHANGES This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and, only when necessary those at the top (being longest in) are discontinued. Wanted Oriental Cerambycidae and Chrysomelidae for determi- nation and research purposes: China, India, Philippines, Pacific. Will purchase from China, Assam, Burma, Siam, Formosa. Will exchange identified Chinese insects. J. Linsley Gressitt, Lingnan University, Canton, China. Wanted Papers on Cicindelidae of any part of the world, espe- cially South America and Pacific. R. G. Dahl, 3225 Grand Ave., Apt. 13, Oakland 10, Cal. Chrysididae Wanted for determination in preparation of revision. Wm. G. Bodenstein, Galesville, Maryland. Coccinelidae Wanted from other localities. Will buy or exchange for misc. So. Cal. coleops. F. W. Furry, 1633 Virginia Ave., Glen- dale 2, Cal. Wanted Ataenius and allied Aphodiinae from all parts of the world, especially Mexico, Central and South America. O. L. Cart- wright, Clemson, S. C. Wanted Reprints and unpublished mss. on biological control of mosquitoes; for preparing annotated bibliographies for publication. J. B. Gerberich, Michigan State College, East Lansing, Mich. Wanted Hesperid genus Megathymus for exchange or purchase. P. S. Remington, 5570 Etzel Ave., St. Louis 12, Missouri. Wanted Psychodidae of North America for revisional purposes. Wm. F. 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Remember we offer Insect collecting and storing equipment designed by Entomologists for Entomologists. Life Histories accurately and attractively assembled. Specimens from all over the world for the general collector and the specialist. Be sure and write us concerning your problems. We are al- ways glad to send our catalogues and lists. WARD'S NATURAL SCIENCE ESTABLISHMENT, INC. P. O. Box 24, Beechwood Station Rochester 9, N. Y. Important Mosquito Works MOSQUITO ATLAS. Part I. The Nearctic Anopheles, important malarial vectors of the Americas, and Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciata MOSQUITO ATLAS. Part II. The more important malaria vec- tors of the Old World: Europe, Asia, Africa and South Pacific region By Edward S. Ross and H. Radclyffe Roberts Price, 60 cents each (U. S. Currency) with order, postpaid within the United States; 65 cents, foreign. KEYS TO THE ANOPHELINE MOSQUITOES OF THE WORLD With notes on their Identification, Distribution, Biology and Rela- tion to Malaria. By Paul F. Russell, Lloyd E. Rozeboom and Alan Stone Mailed on receipt of price, $2.00 U. S. Currency. Foreign Delivery $2.10. For sale by the American Entomological Society, 1900 Race Street, Philadelphia 3. Pa., U. S. A. RECENT LITERATURE FOR SALE BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1900 RACE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. DIPTERA 1135. Cresson (E. T., Jr.) Synopsis of No. Amer. Ephydridae. III. The tribe Notiphilini of the subfam. Notiphilini (72: 227-240, 1946) $ .35 1136. A systematic annotated arrangement of the gen. and spp. of the Ethiopian Ephydridae. I. The subfam. Psilopinae (72: 241-264, 1946) 60 1134. Knight and Laffoon The oriental spp. of the Aedes (Finlaya) Kochi group (72: 203-225, 3 pis., 1946) 70 THE BIOLOGY AND IDENTIFICATION OF TRYPETID LARVAE By VENIA TARRIS PHILLIPS Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, No. 12, 161 pp., 16 pis., 1946 This is a comprehensive work describing and figuring the important characteristics of the larvae of forty five species of American fruit flies (Diptera). An indispensible work for economic en- tomologists. It includes a glossary of the terms used in the descriptions; a list of 442 species of the family, with their known hosts; a list of their host plants; and an extensive bibliography. The plates contain 192 exquisitely executed figures. Price $5.00 (postpaid, domestic delivery) U. S. Currency, remittance must accompany order. HYMENOPTERA 1132. Pate (V. S. L.) The generic names of the spider wasps (Psammocharidae olim Pompilidae) and their type spp. (72:65-137,1946) 1.80 ORTHOPTERA 1128. Rehn (J. A. G.) One new gen. and six new spp. of Central American and Colombian Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera) (72: 1-26, 2 pis., 1946) COLEOPTERA 1133. Benesh (B.) A systematic revision of the Holarctic gen. Platycerus Geoff roy (72: 139-202, 5 pis., 1946) 1.90 1129. Dillon (L. S. & E. S.) Review of the Onocephalini (Ceram- bicidae) (72: 27-48, 1 pi., 1946) 65 1131.- Green (J. W.) A new sp. of Enochrus (Hydrophilidae) (72: 61-64, figs., 1946) ' 20 1130. Robinson (M.) Studies in the Scarabaeidae III (72: 49-59, 1946) 30 LEPIDOPTERA 1125. Jones (F. M.) Platoeceticus Packard, and a remarkable n. sp. of the genus (Psychidae) (71": 99-124, 4 pis.. 1945) 75 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS MAY 1947 Vol. LVIII No. 5 AUG221947 CONTENTS ius o^ Rehn Relationship of Machaerocera 113 Hayes and Chang Larva of Pleocoma 117 Cook Notes on Somatochlora 127 Entomological Literature 132 PUBLISHED MONTHLY, EXCEPT AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER, BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY PRINCE AND LEMON STS., LANCASTER, PA. 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SEPARATES of articles without covers, without extraneous matter, will be furnished by the printer at the following prices: 1-4 pages, 25 copies, $2.50; 50 copies, $2.50; 100 copies, $3.00. 5-8 pages, 25 copies, $4.00; 50 copies, $4.00; 100 copies, $4.75. 9-12 pages; 25 copies, $6.25; 50 copies, $6.25; 100 copies, $7.25. Covers: first 50, $2.75; additional at 2 cents each. Plates, printed on one side: first 50, $2.00: additional at 1^ cents each. Transportation charges will be extra. THE LANCASTER PRESS, INC., Lancaster. Pa. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOL. LVIII MAY, 1947 No. 5 The Relationship of the Neotropical Acridine Lo- cust Genus Machaerocera (Orthoptera: Acrididae; Acridinae) By JAMES A. G. REHN Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia In 1859 the great orthopterist Henri de Saussure described under the name Machaerocera a rather unusual genus of locusts from Mexico, basing it on the then described M. mexicana. 1 His comment as to its affinities was vague and casual, and it was not until 1893 that we find any clearer indication of its relation- ship, when Brunner von Wattenwyl, in a generic key, placed it nearest to the western North American genus Acrolophitus of Thomas, with which it was briefly contrasted. 2 Dr. Lawrence Bruner in the Biologia Centrali-Americana, without comment, inserted Machaerocera in his generic key between Acrocara Scudder (now synonymized under the older Pcdioscirtctcs Thomas) and Acrolophitus on one hand, and Gymncs Scudder (now replaced by the prior Bootctti.v Bruner) on the other. 3 These references summarize the suggestions which have been made in the past as to the relationship of Machaerocera. In re- cent years the chromosomes of the latter genus have been studied by my friend Dr. E. R. Helwig, and the cytological conclusions 4 1 Revue et Magas. de Zool., (2) XI, p. 391 (1859). 2 Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, XXXIII, p. 120 (1893). 3 Biol. Cent.-Amer., Orth., II, pp. 27, 49 (1904). 4 "Unusual integrations of the chromatin in Machaerocera and other genera of the Acrididae (Orthoptera)." By Edwin R. Helwig. Journ. of Morph., 71, no. 1, pp. 1-26, pis. 1-3 (1942). (See specifically pp. 3-6.) (113) AUG 2 2 1947 114 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '47 support others which slowly had been crystallizing, drawn from the external morphology, i.e., that Machacrocera holds an anoma- lous position as far as relationship with other American genera of the subfamily Acridinae is concerned. There exists no modern classification of the genera of the .world for the subfamily Acridinae, and in consequence no broad integration of the Old and New World genera has been at- tempted, and although basic study has been accomplished in a few genera groups, certain of the attempted correlations have left much to be desired. While we possess several arrangements of genera of the subfamily as occurring in portions of the New World, Machacrocera will be found only in those covering Mexico and Central America, and in none treating purely North or South American genera. We, however, do have a relatively recent comprehensive classification of the Old World genera by the late Dr. Ignacio Bolivar. 5 A comparison of Machacrocera, which is relatively well- known and locally common over much of Mexico, with genera with which it has been associated in the literature, shows very clearly it is in no way related. The genera Acrolophitus and Pcdioscirtctes are relatively close to one another in relationship, and together constitute the distinctive genera-group Acrolophiti, while Bootetti.v is the sole representative of an equally distinctive and peculiar North American and north Mexican genera-group, the Bootettiges. The latter group has a general facies resem- bling that of the Acrolophiti, but is at once separable by the male having the tegminal scapular field strongly dilated, the internal caudal tibial spurs with the flexor appreciably longer than the extensor, instead of the reverse as in the Acrolophiti, and in the caudal tarsi having the proximal article equal to less than half the entire tarsal length, instead of equalling or surpassing half the length, as in the Acrolophiti. 6 5 "Los Truxalinos del antiguo Mundo." Trab. Mus. Nac. Cienc. Nat., Madrid, Ser. Zool., num. 20, pp. 41-110 (1914). 6 The Bootettiges are virtually unique in possessing areas of mother-of- pearl (nacre) on various parts of the body chitin. For a discussion of Bootetti.r, its species, distribution and bionomics, see Rehn, ENTOM. NEWS, LV, pp. 158-164 (1944). Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 115 When we attempt to integrate the Acrolophiti and the Bootet- tiges with the Old World genera-groups, as set forth by I. Bolivar in 1914, we find the Acrolophiti would run to the Para- pleuri (= Mecostethi as understood to-day), and the Bootettiges to the Chrysochraontes, to neither of which are the two exclu- sively American genera-groups in any way related. In 1891 Ferdinand Karsch erected a genus Holopercna, 7 basing it on a single new species, H. coelestis, from the Cam- eroons, West Africa. The previous year Ignacio Bolivar had described a species Duronia gerstaeckeri from Ashanti, 8 which we now know is identical with Karsch's Holopercna coelestis, and hence gerstaeckeri is the older and valid specific name for this relatively common locust of the Lower Guinea Forest Sub- region of West Africa. I have had the opportunity to collect both Machaerocera and Holopercna, and their general morpho- logical resemblance, plus that most unusual feature for the sub- family of the mutual possession of blue wing disks, had impressed me on more than one occasion. Bolivar, in his key to the Old World genera, above mentioned, placed Holopercna in the genera-group Phlaeobae, along with some twenty-nine other genera of that exceedingly complex and widely spread tropical and subtropical Old World assemblage. With representatives of the majority of these genera before me I proceeded to make 'a careful analysis of Machaerocera and Holopercna for evidence of relationship, and also of their position in relation to the other phlaeobid genera. As a result of this study it is clearly evident that Machaerocera is a New World relative of the African Holopercna and, on the basis of present group associations, a number of the hitherto Old World Phlaeobae. When Machaerocera and Holopercna are compared it is seen they have the general form very similar, with numerous details of the head structure, such as that of the frontal costa and of the antennae, much the same, with similar basic alar, sternal and limb forms; and, further, they agree in the wing color pattern and the unusual discal color of the same. Noteworthy differ- 7 Berlin Entom. Zeitschr., XXXVI. p. 176 (1891). s An. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat., XIX, p. 311 (1890). 116 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '47 ences of Machaerocera from Holopercna are: the fastigium, as seen from the dorsum, is more acutely produced with no definite discal carinula, the lateral foveolae are longer and more appreci- able, reaching two-thirds of the distance to the apex of the fas- tigium as seen in profile, and also are shallowly excavate ; fhe pronotum is more tectate and has the median carina somewhat more pronounced, cut by two sulci, instead of solely the principal one, while the lateral carinae are not sharply defined but are represented by marked shoulders, these broken at the principal sulcus, and on the prozona continuations of the shoulders sub- obsoletely descend ventro-cephalad across the lateral lobes as low ill-defined swellings (of which there are weak analogs in Holopercna}, the caudal margin of the pronotal disk is rec- tangulately produced, while the surface of the metazona, and less definitely of sections of the prozona, bears scattered nodulose granules, as contrasted with the micro-cribrose subcoriaceous texture of Holopercna; the tegmina have the posterior axillary vein marked in both sexes and definitely joining the anterior axillary vein at two-fifths of the length of the anal field. Unfortunately no chromosomal studies have as yet been made of Holopercna, but it is hoped this may soon be possible. While we have a few approximately parallel patterns of genera-group distributions in the Orthoptera, such as the Sphenaria of the Pyrgomorphinae, which occurs in the Old World in Eastern Africa and the Oriental Region, and in Amer- ica in Mexico and Central America, the presence in the latter areas of a relative of Holopercna, and hence a member of the Phlaeobae, which hitherto had been regarded as exclusively Old World, is of both systematic and zoogeographic interest. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 117 The Larva of Pleocoma and its Systematic Position (Coleoptera, Pleocomidae) l By WM. P. HAYES and PEH-! CHANG, University of Illinois INTRODUCTION Paulian (1941), in a study of adult characteristics, has at- tempted to settle the uncertainty of the relationships of the genus Pleocoma to other members of the superfamily Scara- baeoidea. He points out that the genus has been transferred from the Laparosticti to the Pleurosticti, that is, from the family Geotrupidae to the subfamily Dynastinae of the Scarabaeidae, and that authorities have not been in agreement on the systematic position of the genus. Arrow (1909, p. 484) placed Pleocoma in the subfamily Pleocominae and points out that Pleocoma and Pachypus have similar habits and ''although by no means closely related are probably more nearly related to each other than to any other known forms, and that, while they are best classed among the Laparosticti, they are scarcely less related to the Pleurosticti." Boving and Craighead (1931) on the basis of larval characters have considered the genus as a subfamily, Pleocominae, of the Scarabaeidae, and Essig (1942) has con- sidered Pleocoma as representing a new family, Pleocomidae. On the basis of Paulian's study of external adult characters and the male genitalia of Pleocoma, he believes the genus should be placed in a distinct subfamily the Pleocominae, in the family Geotrupidae. In the past a number of other workers have dis- cussed the position of this genus. The two genera of the group, Pleocoma Le Conte and Acoma Le Conte are known only from the states of California, Washington, Oregon, Utah, Texas and probably Alaska. Pleocoma according to Essig contains 26 species. The larva of Acoma is unknown, that of Pleocoma was il- lustrated and imperfectly described by Osten-Sacken (1874) 1 Contribution No. 270 from the Entomological Laboratories of the University of Illinois, Urbana. 118 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS ' [May, '47 from a single specimen in the process of moulting.* Paulian (I.e.) has pointed out that larval characters which can be studied from Osten-Sacken's description and figures, because of their lack of detail, do not indicate the position of Plcocoma. He fur- ther noted that this larva does not approach the Lucanidae be- cause the abdominal segments are divided into subsegments (an- nulets) ; nor can it be placed in the Pleurosticti because the maxilla has the galea and lacinia distinctly separated, whereas in Pleurosticti they are fused into a single structure (male). Osten-Sacken (I.e.) concludes his description of the larva with the following comments on the relationships of Pleocoina based on a comparison of his larva with descriptions of Geotrupcs and Tro.v by two European authors, ''When I compare this larva with the analytical table of the lamellicorn larvae by Erichson, reproduced by Chapius (Larvcs dcs col., p. 454), I find that it has the two separate maxillary lobes attributed to the Scara- baeidae Laparosticti ; it has the segments divided by deep fur- rows into transverse bolsters, like the subdivision A in that table (Geotrupidae, Aphodiidae, Copridae, Trogidae). When I further compare our larva with the few existing descriptions of larvae of these groups, I soon perceive that the choice will lie between the Geotrupidae "and Trogidae. The Aphodiidae and Copridae are excluded by the structure of their antennae, maxil- lae, labium, etc. Of those two groups we possess, as far as I am aware, only two good descriptions of larvae : Mulsant's of the larva of Gcotrupes stcrcorarius and Chapius' of the larva of Trox carolmiis. If we were to base our opinion upon these two descriptions only, it would incline in favor of a relationship of our larva with the Trogidae, rather than the Geotrupidae. Cha- pius' description of the larva of Tro.v earolinus agrees quite well with our larva; the description of the labium especially (levre inferieure formee d'un menton et d'une piece palpigere fondus en un real corps allonge) seems to indicate a structure somewhat analogous to that in our larva. On the contrary, Mulsant's de- scription of the larva of Gcotrupes disagrees with ours in several * Since the present paper was sent to press, P. O. Ritcher has described the larva of Plcocoma hirticollis randykci in Pan-Pacific Ent., 23: 11- 20, (1947). Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 119 points. The antennae are said to be four-jointed, the maxillae to have two almost cylindrical lobes, the legs are described as bilobed at the end, etc. Finally, if it be true that the larva of Geotrupcs has only two pairs of well developed legs, the third being almost atrophied, as Frisch (but not Mulsant) describes it, this would constitute another important difference." Osten-Sacken in his discussion of this larva points out the "singular fact that the shape of the mandibles changes after moulting. A similar peculiarity has been already observed among larvae of other orders of insects. That the shape of the earlier mandibles is merely due to its being worn is a supposition that will hardly be entertained by any one who has compared the two mandibles." Gerstaecker (1883) maintained that Plcocoma should be re- moved from the Scarabaeidae Laparosticti and placed in the Melolonthinae of the Scarabaeidae Pleurostici. He further as- serted that the larva described by Osten-Sacken as Plcocoma cannot possibly belong to that genus nor to any genus allied to Geotrupcs, and that it is undoubtedly a Lucanid. Gerstaecker's paper was translated by J. B. Smith and read at the November 18, 1885 meeting of the Washington Entomological Society (Proc. Wash. Ent. Soc., vol. 1, p. 32) and there the question was posed "what is the larva described by Osten-Sacken as that of Plcocoma, since there is no Lucanid known to occur in Cali- fornia which is of the size indicated by the larva." At the April 5, 1888, meeting of the same society (I.e., p. 144), G. H. Horn criticized Gerstaecker's paper and stated that he believed the larva described by Osten-Sacken really belongs to Plcocoma. A single specimen of an undetermined species of Pleocoma was available to the writers for study. It was collected at the roots of a pear tree at Camino, California, in November 1934 by R. H. Dart and was determined to the genus by him. Camino is in Eldorado County, California, and according to the distribution of this genus in California, as determined by Linsley (1938, p. 99), Plcocoma fimbriata Le Conte is the only species occurring in Eldorado County, and Linsley (p. 50) states that fimhriata "occurs commonly in the vicinity of Placerville, California." Camino is only a few miles east of Placerville. So it is quite probable that the species here described is P. fimhriata Le Conte. 120 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '47 DESCRIPTION OF THE LARVA OF PLEOCOMA The third instar larva (fig. 2) which was available for study has a pale yellow head and whitish body. It is about 50 mm. long. The thoracic and first eight abdominal segments are dor- sally divided into three annulets. The ninth abdominal segment is faintly divided dorsally into two segments and the tenth is un- divided. The annulets are covered with minute setae on the dorsal surface. There are nine spiracles. One is located ventro-laterally on the prothorax and the other eight are on the first eight abdominal segments. The three pairs of thoracic legs are well developed. The anal slit (fig. 14) is T-shaped. The Head. The head (fig. 6) is pale yellow in color in our preserved specimen. A Y-shaped epicranial suture divides the epicranium (EPI) and the epicranial arms are somewhat sinuate as they approach the bases of the antennae. A few scattered setae are located on the epicranium. The front (F) has a few setae on both sides of the mesal line. The clypeus (CLP) is much wider than long and is faintly divided into a preclypeus and postclypeus by a weak clypeal suture. The labrum (LAB) is roughly semicircular with a median projecting lobe on the anterior margin which gives the margin a trilobed appearance. The surface of the labium is rather densely setaceous. The antennae (fig. 1) are three-segmented although a some- what bulbous extension of the head capsule gives a four- segmented appearance. Some authors consider this bulbous part of the head to be an antennal segment but recent workers are inclined to disregard it as a segment. The first or basal seg- ment is long and cylindrical, the second about the same length and the third is quite short, being about half as long as the second. The epipharynx (fig. 5) is the ental aspect of the labrum and clypeus. Distally its margin is broadly trilobed. The median lobe projects quite prominently and is densely covered with long spinelike setae. The lateral lobes have two rows of long setae. Most of the entire surface is covered with setae which are gener- ally pointing toward the median line. A small cluster of spines is located on the mesal area caudad of the median lobe. The Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 121 tormae (T) are located at the sides of the clypeo-labral suture. They are nearly symmetrical and become somewhat pointed near the meson. Proximally on the labrum and overlapping the cly- peal area are two converging clusters of fine setae which become longer proximally and eventually seem to cross each other. On each side of these setae are very minute spine-like structures that may be sensory in function. Near the tormae and located in the cluster of dense setae are two sensory cones (SC). Near the median line in the region of the fronto-clypeal suture are two sensory spines and a broadly curved, strongly sclerotized rod- like structure. The trilobed condition of the epipharynx, but not the setal arrangement, of Pleocoma is somewhat similar to that of Gcotrupcs as figured by Schiodte. (See III. Biol. Monog. vol. 12, pi. 6, fig. 58). The mandibles (fig. 11 and 13) are nearly symmetrical. They articulate on the head capsule by a tricondylic articulation. The molar area is small with a few blunt teeth. The scissorial area is smooth and blade-like with the distal end truncate. The ven- tral aspect has a cluster of small setae near the molar area and a cluster of longer setae, caudad of the molar area. The scis- sorial area near the curved part of the inner margin has a series of fine striae that may correspond to the stridulating area on the mandibles of other scarabaeid larvae. These may rasp against certain spine-like processes that are found on the maxillae (fig. 12, ST) immediately under these striae. There are a few, faint, longitudinal striae ventrally on the distal end of the scissorial region. The maxilla (fig. 12) has a nearly quadrangular cardo (CD) and the stipes (S) bears on its dorsal surface (fig. 12) a longi- tudinal row of stridulating spines (ST) similar to those found in other scarabaeid species. The right maxilla has 10 spines (fig. 9, right) in the row while the left maxilla has twelve (fig. 9, left). These spines are narrowly triangular in shape. The palpifer (PF) bears a four-segmented palpus (MP) with seg- ments of nearly equal length. The distal segment becomes at- tenuated near the end. The galea (G) and lacinia (LC) are not united into a single piece as they are in the Pleurosticti but are composed of two parts, at least distally, as is common in the 122 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '47 Laparosticti. The mesal margin of the lacinia is covered with numerous setae and the distal end has one large dark spine. The galea has a few setae distally and also one large spine. The labium (fig. 10, LA) has a subquadrate submentum (SM). The mentum (M) is also subquadrate. The ligula (L) bears the labial palpi at its disto-lateral angles. The glossae and paraglossae are fused into a single sclerite which is located between the palpi. The labial palpus (LP) is two-segmented. The basal segment is wider than long and the second segment is nearly two times longer than wide. The three segments of the thorax are about equal in size. Each is divided dorsally into three subsegrhents or annulets. The prothorax bears a spiracle on each side just above the pro- thoracic leg. The other two segments, the meso-, and meta- thoracic, are similar except that they lack the spiracles. The Legs. The first two pair of legs (fig. 8) are much alike. There is an elongated coxa (C), a small, triangular trochanter (TR), a long femur (FM), a short, broad tibia (TB) and a sharply attenuated, one-segmented tarsus (TA) ending in a single claw (CL). On the mesothoracic leg (fig. 8) the coxa bears a plectrum or striclulating plate (STP) composed of a series of fine transverse striae. All the legs are densely seta- ceous. The metathoracic legs (fig. 2) are somewhat shorter and stouter than the first and second pair of legs. The coxa (C) is shorter, more nearly cylindrical and subtruncate at both ends and lacks the stridulating plate of the mesothoracic leg. The trochanter (TR) is small and the femur (FM) larger and strongly emarginate on the mesal margin. On the cephalic aspect of the femur of the metathoracic legs are two rows of spine-like tubercles (figs. 15 and 16), almost at right angles to each other. One row, lying in a longitudinal direction, is com- posed of 5 tubercles ; the other row is basad of the longitudinal row and lies almost transversely across the base of the femur. Each tubercle has arising behind it near its base a single un- branched seta. The distal tubercle of the transverse row is ex- ceptional in that its seta is branched (fig. 16). These rows of tubercles correspond to the rows of stridulating spines found in some other Scarabaeoidea. It is interesting to note that this Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 123 stridulating structure, if such it be, is different in arrangement than that found in the Passalidae and Geotrupidae wherein the metathoracic leg is greatly reduced in size and serves only as a rasping paw and lacks several of the leg segments. Distad of the femur on metathoracic leg is a small subquadrate tibia (TB) which in turn bears, distally, a much narrower one-segmented tarsus (TA) and a single claw. The abdomen is ten-segmented. There are eight pairs of abdominal spiracles (fig. 3 and 4) on the first eight segments. The first eight dorsal segments are each subdivided into three subsegments and are rather densely and minutely spinose with a few scattered longer setae. The ninth and tenth segments are smooth and not strongly subdivided. The ninth has a faint transverse depression. The ventral aspect of the first eight seg- ments is subdivided irregularly into at least two subsegments. The ninth and tenth are not subdivided and only indistinctly separated laterally from the dorsal area. The anal slit (fig. 14, ANS) is T-shaped, giving a trilobed appearance to the caudal end of the tenth segment. The ventral aspect of the tenth abdominal segment (fig. 14), called the raster or radula, is not strongly developed. A faint transverse depression is located near the distal end and between it and the anal opening are numerous small setae. Cephalad of this depressed line are a few scattered setae but most of the re- maining area is non-setose. The spiracles are broadly oval with the long axis lying longi- tudinally. The first spiracle (fig. 4) located on the prothorax is smaller and more narrowly oval than the others (fig. 3). The dorsal part of each spiracle is a moon-shaped area with numerous perforations, the so-called "sieve plate." The ventral half is a quite smooth peritreme. There apparently is no slit-like opening nor a raised bulla as is found in the spiracles of some scarabaeid larvae. DISCUSSION OF LARVAL RELATIONSHIPS According to Paulian (1939, p. 356), Arrow was the first to propose raising the subfamily Geotrupinae to the rank of a dis- tinct family equivalent to that of the Lucanidae and Passalidae. 124 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '47 This change was not recognized by others until Boving and Craighead (1931, p. 52) on the basis of larval characters again recognized the subfamily Geotrupinae as a family. These au- thors, however, placed the genus Plcocoma in a subfamily of the Scarabaeidae, called the Pleocominae. Paulian (1939) has discussed the larval and adult characters of Geotrupcs niger Marsh, and concludes, as Arrow did, that Geotrupes should be regarded as of family rank. In a more recent paper, Paulian (1941), principally on the basis of adult characters, believes Pleocoma should be regarded as representing a subfamily of the Geotrupidae. Paulian (1941) further states that Osten-Sacken's (I.e.} de- scription of the larva of Pleocoma does not permit placing it defi- nitely because the description is imperfect. It does, however, indicate, according to Paulian, that it does not belong with the Lucanidae because the abdominal tergites are divided trans- versely, nor with the Pleurosticta Scarabaeidae because the galea EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1 Structural Parts of the Third Instar Larva of Pleocoma 1. Antenna. 2. Lateral aspect of third instar larva. 3. Abdominal spira- cle. 4. Thoracic spiracle. 5. Epipharynx or ental aspect of the labrum and clypeus. 6. Cephalic aspect of the head. 7. Metathoracic leg. 8. Mesothoracic leg. 9. Stridulating teeth on the stipes of the right and left maxillae. 10. Labium and maxillae. 11. Caudal aspect of the right mandible. 12. Cephalic aspect of the right maxilla. 13. Caudal aspect of the left mandible. 14 Ventral aspect of last abdominal segment (raster). 15. Cephalic aspect of metathoracic femur showing stridulating teeth and associated setae. 16. Two stridulating teeth enlarged to show a single and a branched seta. ANS Anal slit ANT Antenna C Coxa CD Cardo CL Claw CLP Clypeus EPI Epicranium F Front FM Femur EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS LA Labium LAB Labrum LC Lacinia LP Labial palpus M Mentum MD Mandible MP Maxillary palpus MX Maxilla PF Palpifer S Stipes SC Sense cone SM Submentum ST Stridulating spines STP Stridulating plate T Torma TA Tarsus TB Tibia TR Trochanter Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 125 16 126 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, "47 and lacinia of the maxillae are separated and not fused into a single mala. Essig (1942), on the other hand, considers Ple- ocoma as representing a distinct family which he calls the Pleocomidae. On the basis of larval characters described herein it seems that Plcocoma is sufficiently different from Gcotrupcs and others to merit being placed as a separate family, Pleocomidae, princi- pally on the degree of development of the stridulating legs and on the basis of .other structures such as the mandibles and epi- pharynx. The posterior legs of Gcotrupcs, which are used for stridulating, are reduced in size as in the. Passalidae but not to the extent that they are in the Passalidae. Those of Plcocoma are fully developed as are those of the Lucanidae. The rasping spines on the metathoracic leg of Geotrupidae are well developed while those in Pleocoma (fig. 15) have long setae associated with them that might make them less efficient. The mandibular- maxillary stridulating structures are well developed in the Scara- baeidae and poorly developed or absent in the Geotrupidae and Lucanidae. In this respect, Plcocoma seems to represent an intermediate condition in that the striae of the mandibular stri- dulating area are poorly developed while the maxillary stridulat- ing teeth (fig. 9) are well developed. Hence it is probable that these structures do not function to produce stridulation in Plc- ocoma. In this respect they approach the Geotrupidae. The mandibles of Gcotrupcs bear strongly developed teeth on the scissorial area which Paulian calls a "double retinaculum," while Plcocoma lacks any such teeth and has a smooth cutting area. The epipharynx is trilobecl in both Gcotrupcs and Plc- ocoma but seems more highly developed in Gcotrupcs. The faint division of the ninth abdominal segment of Plcocoma into subsegments indicates a trend toward the Scarabaeidae rather than the smooth undivided segments found in Lucanidae and Passalidae. From the above differences of the larva it seems to the writers that the raising of the subfamily Pleocominae to family rank is justifiable and more logical than regarding it as a subfamily of Geotrupidae. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 127 LITERATURE CITED ARROW, G. J. 1909. On the characters and relationships of the less- known groups of lamellicorn Coleoptera, with descriptions of new spe- cies of Hybosorinae, etc. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lon., 1909, pp. 479-507. BOVING, A. G. and F. C. CRAIGHEAD. 1931. An illustrated synopsis of the principal larval forms of the order Coleoptera. Ent. Amer., 11: 1-351. Essie, E. O. 1942. College Entomology. Macmillan Co., N. Y., 900 pp. GERSTAECKER, E. A. 1883. Ueber die Stellung der Gattung Pleocoma Lee. im System der Lamellicornia. Stett. Ent. Zeit, 44: 436-450. HORN, G. H. 1888. Review of the species of Pleocoma, with a discus- sion of its systematic position in the Scarabaeidae. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., 15: 1-18, 2 pis. LINSLEY, E. G. 1938. Notes on the habits, distribution and status of some species of Pleocoma (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Pan-Pacific Ent., 14 : 49-58 and 97-104. OSTEN-SACKEN, R. 1874. Description of the larva of Pleocoma Lee. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., 5 : 84-87. PAULIAN, R. 1939. Les caracteres larvaires des Geotrupidae (Col.) et leur importance pour la position systematique du groupe. Bui. Soc. Zool. France, 64: 351-360. . 1941. La position systematique du genre Pleocoma LeConte (Col. Scarabaeidae). Revue Frangaise d'Entom., Tome 8, fasc. 3, pp. 151- 155. Notes on the Genus Somatochlora Collected in Ken- tucky and Tennessee (Odonata: Cordulinae) By CARL COOK, Crailhope, Kentucky In 1941 and again in the 1946 collecting season the writer made an especial effort to collect as many species of the genus Somatochlora as possible from Kentucky and Tennessee. Most of the collecting was done in central and eastern Kentucky and southeastern Tennessee, chiefly in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Seventeen specimens representing five species were taken and several others were seen but could not be captured. It is well known that these dragonflies are notoriously difficult to cap- ture, as they often fly back and forth for hours at a time, keeping 128 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '47 to a height of ten to twenty-five, often fifty, feet. Under such circumstances the collector finds a net almost useless ; a much more useful piece of equipment for bringing down the high flyers is a shotgun and the finest possible shot. For several years the writer has been using a 20-gauge Model 12 Winchester with 20 in. barrel fitted with Cutts "compensator" to reduce muzzle blast from the short barrel. The best shot to use is known as dust-shot, which is of very small size ; most dragon- flies brought down with this size shot will be usable as cabinet specimens, and all are valuable for purposes such as this survey. Our species of Somatochlora inhabit chiefly the colder areas of the United States and Canada, and with few exceptions are to be found in the southern states only in the more mountainous parts. It is in these mountainous areas that the writer has done most of his collecting and whence all the more interesting speci- mens were secured. One species is being recorded for the first time south of Pennsylvania and a few others are recorded for the first time from the territory covered by this paper. It has always been assumed that these species could be found in Kentucky and Tennessee but there were no authentic records of their ever being collected there. In the following list of species collected, an effort has been made to add a few notes on the collecting areas visited by the writer and to point out some of the habits of these very interesting dragonflies, as well as to list date and locality data. Somatochlora linearis Hagen KENTUCKY : Donansburg, 1 J\ 1 5- July 10, 1941 ; 1 J\ Aug. 29, 1946; Crailhope, 1 J\ June 19, 1941; 1 J\ July 20, 1946; Somerset, 1 J\ Aug. 6, 1946 ; Mammoth Cave National Park, 1 d\ July 4, 1946; Hardyville. 1 J 1 , Sept. 3. 1946. TENNESSEE: U. S. 35, 6 miles south of Knoxville, 1 J\ July 11, 1946. This seems to be the commonest species of the genus in Ken- tucky. At Donansburg it was not uncommon to find the males coursing up and down a small stream in a manner suggestive of Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 129 Aeschna males. The stream flows through the center of an open, pastured meadow and at dusk they like to leave the stream and fly about over the meadow at a height of twenty to thirty feet. At a small clearing in a woodland area bordering U. S. Highway No. 35, just out of Knoxville. Term., five or six were patrolling back and forth at about 10:00 A.M.; one was taken but the others retired and had not returned when we left the clearing at 11 :30 A.M. Somatochlora tenebrosa Say KENTUCKY: Jenkins, Letcher Co.. 1 <$, July 30, 1941; Pres- ton sburg, Floyd Co.. 1 J 1 . July 15, 1946. So far this species has been taken only in the more mountain- ous parts of eastern Kentucky. It does not seem to be common in any of the areas visited by the writer ; none were seen in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. One was flying fifteen or twenty feet high over an overgrown field, about 200 yards up from Levisa Fork River near Ky. Highway No. 80. 10 miles south of Prestonsburg. It was taken with great difficulty, since the writer was equipped with only a net at the time, which was just after sunset. S. tenebrosa is said to be crepuscular and this is apparently true of the examples seen by the writer, both his specimens having been taken after sunset. Somatochlora provocans Calvert KENTUCKY : Crailhope, Green Co., 1 J 1 , June 28. 1946. TEN- NESSEE : Mt. Le Conte, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 1 J 1 , July 12, 1946. My first example of this species was taken while it was patrol- ling at the usual height, over an old, unused, overgrown road in full sunshine at about 2:30 P.M. It seemed very determined to * keep at its patrolling as two or three passes at it with the net failed to drive it away; finally, a lucky stroke with the net brought it down. The second specimen was taken at one of the most interesting and unusual collecting localities visited by the writer in this survey, Mt. Le Conte (6,593 ft.). It was 130 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '47 here that we found also the northern zvilliamsoni, on the same day and within 100 yards of the place where this specimen of provocans was taken. The collecting ground here consists of an open pine woods bordering each edge of Le Conte Creek. Most of the collecting was done from near the source of this stream on down for a mile or more of its course. Near the headwaters of this stream and some 100 yards from its banks two brownish dragonflies were flushed from an uprooted tree. One after flying about in the woods for a few moments came back to the tree and lit again ; it was taken immediately and turned out to be a fine male of provocans. Somatochlora filosa Hagen KENTUCKY : Mammoth Cave National Park, 1 J\ June 27, 1941. TENNESSEE : Nashville, 1 J 1 , June 2, 1941 ; Spencer, Van Buren Co., 1 J 1 . July 6, 1946. This species has a very wide range in the southern and eastern states, Illinois and New Jersey to Florida. Therefore, it is not surprising that it occurs quite frequently in the territory covered by this paper. My first chance at this species came one hot, humid, June afternoon in the Mammoth Cave National Park. On entering a large grove of tall oaks where the ground was shaded by the dense wide-spreading trees, I flushed a pair in copula from the trunk of one of the oaks. They immediately lit on the trunk of another tree but this time at a height of about twenty feet. As my shotgun was not at hand, the only solution was to climb the tree. This would have been difficult to do while carrying a net, so I decided to climb the tree from the opposite side from where they were hanging by their feet on a small twig and to try to get them with my fingers. The male was caught successfully but the female escaped. At sunset several specimens were in active flight, soaring high over the tree tops in a park near the campus of Vanderbilt Uni- Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 131 versity, Nashville, Term. Occasionally one would swoop lower in pursuit of some small insect on which they were feeding. Only one could be taken, and it with great difficulty. Somatochlora williamsoni \Yalker TENNESSEE : Le Conte Creek, Mt. Le Conte, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 1 J\ July 12, 1946. This is a significant extension to the known geographic range of this species; so far as known this is the first record of ^'il- hamsoni being taken south of Pennsylvania. Its presence here is probably explained by the high altitude of the Great Smoky Mountains in the region where it was found ; the altitude of Mt. LeConte is 6,593 feet. At the place where it was taken, Le Conte Creek is not very wide and the banks on both sides are partly shaded. . It was first noticed on July llth, while it was patrolling back and forth at a height of a foot or so, near the shaded bank of the creek. It was wild and unapproachable and at the first sign of danger went across to the other side of the creek out of my reach, however, after several moments of pa- trolling that bank it came back over on my side again. One wild swish with the net caused it to retire and not return that afternoon. Next day it was back at its patrolling over the same area of the creek. It had a habit of "marking time" in the air much in the manner of Cordulia surtlcffi, so my opportunity for capture came at one of these baitings. It was caught off guard for an instant, a swift swing with the net and ... it was mine ! 132 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '47 Current Entomological Literature COMPILED BY EDWIN T. MOUL, RAYMOND Q. BLISS, CHARLES HODGE IV, MAURICE E. PHILLIPS, JOHN W. H. REHN AND HENRY K. TOWNES, JR. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrele- vant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species will be recorded. This list gives references of the current or preceding year unless otherwise noted. Continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installment. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record, Office of Ex- periment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Entomology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. NOTE: The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper ap- peared, as numbered in the List of periodicals and serials published in our January and June issues. The number of the volume, and in some cases, the part, heft, &c. is followed by a colon (:). References to papers containing new forms or names not so stated in titles are followed by (*); if containing keys are followed by (k); papers pertaining exclusively to Neotropical species, and not so indicated in the title, have the symbol (S). Papers published in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS are not listed. GENERAL Dustan, G. G Effect of temperature on toxicity of DDT. [23] 79: 1-4. Frings, H. A simple method for rearing blowflies without meat. [80] 105 : 482. Macan, T. T. Taxonomy of aquatic insect nymphs and larvae. [53] 159: 595-96. " Pennak, R. W. Keys to aquatic insects of Colorado. [Univ. of Col. Studies, Ser. D., Boul- der] 2: 353-83. Sabrosky, C. W. The significance of the "editorial notes" in the reprints of the earlier opinions on zoological nomenclature. [5] 40: 152-53. Wachs, H. Synergistic insecticides. [80] 105: 530-31. Weiss, H. B.- Entomological medicaments of the past. [45] 55: 155-68. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, MEDICAL Beament, J. W. L. The formation and structure of the micropylar com- plex in the egg-shell of Rhodnius prolixus (Reduviidae). [40] 23: 213-33, ill. Bick and Penn Resistance of mos- quito larvae and' pupae to experimental drought. [5] 40: 82-86. Bodine and Fitzgerald A spectrophotometric study of a developing egg (Orthoptera) with especial reference to riboflavin and its derivatives. [41] 104: 353-63. Carbo- nell, C. S. The thoracic muscles of the cockroach Peri- planeta americana. [82] 107: 1-23, ill. Demerec, M. Mutations in Drosophila induced by a carcinogen. [53] 159: 604. Dobzhansky, T. A response of certain gene ar- rangements in the third chromosome of Drosophila pseudo- obscura to natural section. [Genetics, N. Y.] 32: 142-60. Dubinin and Tiniakov Inversion gradients and selection Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 133 in ecological races of Drosophila funebris. [3] 81 : 148-53. Farnsworth, M. W. The morphology and musculature of the larval head of Anopheles quadrimaculatus. [5] 40: 137-51, ill. Fish, W. A. Embryology of Lucilia sericata (Calliphoridae) : I. Cell cleavage and early embryonic de- velopment. [5] 40: 15-25, ill. Gregson, J. D. Benzene hexachloride ("666") as an acaricide. [23] 78: 201-02. Morgan, L. V. A variable phenotype associated with the fourth chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster and af- fected by heterochromatin. [Genetics. N. Y.] 32: 200-19. Patterson, J. T. (editor) Studies in the genetics of Dro- sophila. V. Isolating mechanisms. [Univ. of Texas Publ., Austin] 4720: 7-184. Slack, H. D. Feeding mechanism of water-bugs. [53] 159: 605, ill. Trager, W. Insect nutri- tion. (Biol. Rev., Cambridge Phil. Soc., Eng.] 22: 148-77. Viette, P. Les Hepiales. [Rev. Franchise de Lepidop- terologie] 10: 366-70, ill. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA Archer, A. F.- The Theridiidae or comb-footed spiders of Alabama. [Geol. Surv. of Alab., Univ. of Alab.] Museum Paper 22: 5-67. ill. (k). Baker, E. W. Notes on mites of the family Tycleidae with descriptions of two new species. [65] 49: 133-36, ill. Chamberlin and Ivie North Amer. Dictynid spiders : The Bennetti group of Amaurobins. [5] 40: 29-55, ill. (k*). Gregson, J. D. (See under Anatomy.) Hoff, C. C. The species of the pseudoscorpion genus Chelanops described by Banks. [20] 98 : 473-550, ill. ; Two new pseudoscorpions of the subfamily Lamprochernetinae from Venezuela. [95] 32: 61-64, ill. Jameson, E. W., Jr. The geographic range of Ixodes soricis. [23] 78: 200. Jenkins, D. W. A labo- ratory method of rearing chiggers affecting man (Trombi- culidae). [5] 40: 56-68, ill. Michener and Michener- Chiggers. [56] 56: 231-35, ill. Smith and Gouck Ixodes bishoppi. a new species from Georgia. [5] 40: 75-81, ill. THE SMALLER ORDERS Calvert, P. P. Aeshna psilus, a new species of the group of Ae. cornigera Brauer (Odonata). [109] 194: 1-11, ill. (k). Carpenter, F. M.- Lower permian insects from Oklahoma. Part I. Introduc- tion and the orders Megasecoptera, Protodonata, and Odo- nata. [Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sciences, Boston] 76: 25-54, ill. (*). Denning, D. G. Hydroptilidae (Trichop- tera) from southern U. S. [23] 79: 12-20, ill. (*). Froesch- ner, R. C. Notes and keys to the Neuroptera of Missouri. [5] 40: 123-36, ill. (k). 'Hopkins, G. H. Stray notes on 134 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '47 Mallophaga. VII. [6] 13: 170-183, ill. (*). Matthysse, J. G. Cattle lice, their biology and control. [Cornell Univ., Agr. Exp. Station] 832: 3-67, ill. Spieth, H. T. Taxo- nomic studies of the Ephemeroptera. IV. The genus Ste- nonema. [5] 40: 87-122, ill. ORTHOPTERA Bodine and Fitzgerald (See under Anatomy.) Carbonell, C. S. (See under Anatomy.) HEMIPTERA Anderson, R. F. Saratoga spittle-bug injury to pine. [37] 40: 26X33, ill. Beament, J. W. L.- (See under Anatomy.) Caldwell, J. S. New Fulgoroidea from North America. [58] 47: 76-78. China, W. E. A new species of the genus Arachnocoris with a key to the known species of the genus (Nabidae). [6] 13: 119-22, ill. (kS*). Fennah, R. G. A synopsis of the Archilixiidae of the New World (Fulgoroidea). [6] 13: 183-91, ill. (k*). Slack, H. D. (See under Anatomy.) LEPIDOPTERA Bell, E. L. A new species of Hes- periidae from Venezuela. [95] 32: 67-68, ill. Rau, P. Butterfly aggregations in temperate regions. [5] 40: 13-14. Viette, P. (See under Anatomy.) DIPTERA Alexander, C. P. Records and descriptions of neotropical crane-flies (Tipulidae). XXII. [45] 55: 173-84. Bates, M. The development and longevity of Haemagogus mosquitoes under laboratory conditions. [5] 40: 1-12. Bick and Penn (See under Anatomy.) Bres- cia, F. A study of the migratory habits of salt marsh and anopheline mosquitoes. [5] 40: 69-74. Bromley, S. W. Ohio robber flies. IV. (Asitidae). [58] 47: 67-68. De- merec, M. (See under Anatomy.) Dobzhansky, T. (See under Anatomy.) Dodge, H. R. A new species of Wye- omyia from the pitcher plant (Culicidae). [65] 49: 117-22, ill. Dubinin and Tiniakov (See under Anatomy.) Farns- worth, M. W. (See under Anatomy.) Fish, W. A. (See under Anatomy.) Frings, H. (See under General.) Michener, C. D. Mosquitoes of a limited area in so. Mis- sissippi. [1] 37: 325-74. Morgan, L. V. (See under Anatomy.) Olsen and Davies The story of Syrphus weidemanni, a fly magnified in plastic. [45] 55: 107-13. Patterson, J. T., ed. (See under Anatomy.) Phillip, C. B. A catalogue of the blood-sucking fly family Tabanidae of the nearctic region n. of Mexico. [1] 37: 257-324 (k). Rapp, W. F., Jr. Separation of adult Psychoda and Peri- comal (Psychodidae). [45] 55: 169-71, ill Shaw, J. G.- Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 135 * Hosts and distribution of Anastrepha serpentina in n.e. Mexico. [37] 40: 36-40. Weiss, H. B. Dry-cleaning- fluid and the kelp-fly. [45] 55: 114; Smoke flies. [45] 55: 146. COLEOPTERA Anderson, W. H. A terminology for the anatomical characters useful in the taxonomy of weevil larvae. [65] 49: 123-32. ill. Bird, R. D. Sweetclover weevil, Sitona cylindricollis. [23] 79: 5-11. Knull, J. N. New North American Coleoptera (Buprestidae, Schizopo- dida and Cerambycidae). [58] 47: 69-73, ill. Leech, H. B. Collecting' in southern British Columbia; Finding of the water beetle, Deronectes spenceri. [23] 78: 198-200; Crow eating serica beetles (Scarabaeidae). [23] 79: 4. Marshall, M. Y. Studies in the Malachiidae. [23] 78: 183-95 (k*). HYMENOPTERA Banks, N. Studies of S. Amer. Psammocharidae. Part II. [20] 99: 371-486, ill. (k*). Burks, B. D. Nearctic species of the genus Dirhinus (Chal- cididae). [65] 49: 136-40, ill. (k*). Enzmann, J. New forms of Aphaenogaster and Novomessor. [45] 55 : 147-53, ill. (k*). Gregg, R. E. Altitudinal indicators among the Formicidae. [Univ. of Col. Studies, Series D, Boulder] 2: 385-403. Pate, V. S. L A conspectus of the Tiphiidae, with particular reference to the nearctic forms (Aculeata). [45] 55: 115 1-5, ill. (k*) ; A minute on Paramyrmosa Saus- sure (Tiphiidae). [23] 78: 196-97 (k). Timberlake, P. H. A revision of the species of Exomalopsis inhabiting the U. S. (Apoidea). [45] 55: 85-106 (k*). EXCHANGES This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and, only when necessary those at the top (being longest in) are discontinued. Wanted Oriental Cerambycidae and Chrysomelidae for determi- nation and research purposes: China, India, Philippines, Pacific. Will purchase from China, Assam, Burma, Siam, Formosa. Will exchange identified Chinese insects. J. Linsley Gressitt, Lingnan University, Canton, China. Wanted Papers on Cicindelidae of any part of the world, espe- cially South America and Pacific. R. G. Dahl, 3225 Grand Ave.. Apt. 13, Oakland 10, Cal. Chrysididae Wanted for determination in preparation of revision. Win. G. Bodenstein, Galesville, Maryland. Coccinelidae Wanted from other localities. Will buy or exchange for misc. So. Cal. coleops. F. W. Furry, 1633 Virginia Ave., Glen- dale 2, Cal. Wanted Ataenius and allied Aphodiinae from all parts of the world, especially Mexico, Central and South America. O. L. Cart- wright, Clemson, S. C. Wanted Reprints and unpublished mss. on biological control of mosquitoes; for preparing annotated bibliographies for publication. J. B. Gerberich, Michigan State College, East Lansing, Mich. Wanted Hesperid genus Megathymus for exchange or purchase. P. S. Remington, 5570 Etzel Ave., St. Louis 12, Missouri. Wanted Psychodidae of North America for revisional purposes. Wm. F. Rapp,"jr., 203 Harker Hall, Urbana, 111. Diptera Tachinidae-Dexiidae wanted, No. Amer. and exotic. Will collect most orders in exchange or will purchase. P. H. Arnaud, 60 Woodrow St., Redwood City, Calif. Will collect Zoological and entomological specimens in tropical and subtropical parts of Peru. Jose M. Schunke, Pucallpa, Peru. Wanted Diplotaxis; will buy or exchange. E. W. Mange, 307 W. Walnut St., Hanover, Pa. Hymenoptera-Aculeata (except ants and bees) for exchange. Will collect other orders in exchange. N. F. cle Andrade, Casal Novo, S. Joao do Estoril, Portugal. Meliponidae Wanted, information on the bionomics, culture, and economic importance of the stingless bees, particularly of the Old World. P. Nogueira Neto, Av Cicade Jardim 170, S. Paulo, Brasil. ENTOMOLOGISTS! To serve you is our business. Remember we offer Insect collecting and storing equipment designed by Entomologists for Entomologists. * Life Histories accurately and attractively assembled. Specimens from all over the world for the general collector and the specialist. Be sure and write us concerning your problems. We are al- ways glad to send our catalogues and lists. WARD'S NATURAL SCIENCE ESTABLISHMENT, INC. P. O. Box 24, Beechwood Station Rochester 9, N. Y. Important Mosquito Works MOSQUITO ATLAS. Part I. The Nearctic Anopheles, important malarial vectors of the Americas, and Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciata MOSQUITO ATLAS. Part II. The more important malaria vec- tors of the Old World: Europe, Asia, Africa and South Pacific region By Edward S. Ross and H. Radclyffe Roberts Price, 60 cents each (U. S. Currency) with order, postpaid within the United States; 65 cents, foreign. KEYS TO THE ANOPHELINE MOSQUITOES OF THE WORLD With notes on their Identification, Distribution, Biology and Rela- tion to Malaria. By Paul F. Russell, Lloyd E. Rozeboom and Alan Stone Mailed on receipt of price, $2.00 U. S. Currency. Foreign Delivery $2.10. For sale by the American Entomological Society, 1900 Race Street, Philadelphia 3, Pa., U. S. A. RECENT LITERATURE FOR SALE BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1900 RACE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. DIPTERA 1135. Cresson (E. T., Jr.) Synopsis of No. Amer. Ephydridae. III. The tribe Notiphilini of the subfam. Notiphilini (72: 227-240, 1946) $ .35 1136. A systematic annotated arrangement of the gen. and spp. of the Ethiopian Ephydridae. I. The subfam. Psilopinae (72: 241-264, 1946) 60 1134. Knight and Laffoon The oriental spp. of the Aedes (Finlaya) Kochi group (72 : 203-225, 3 pis., 1946) 70 THE BIOLOGY AND IDENTIFICATION OF TRYPETID LARVAE By VENIA TARRIS PHILLIPS Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, No. 12, 161 pp., 16 pis., 1946 This is a comprehensive work describing and figuring the important characteristics of the larvae of forty five species of American fruit flies (Diptera). An indispensible work for economic en- tomologists. It includes a glossary of the terms used in the descriptions; a list of 442 species of the family, with their known hosts; a list of their host plants; and an extensive bibliography. The plates contain 192 exquisitely executed figures. Price $5.00 (postpaid, domestic delivery) U. S. Currency, remittance must accompany order. HYMENOPTERA 1132. Pate (V. S. L.) The generic names of the spider wasps (Psammocharidae olim Pompilidae) and their type spp. (72: 65-137, 1946) 1.80 ORTHOPTERA 1128. Rehn (J. A. G.) One new gen. and six new spp. of Central American and Colombian Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera) (72: 1-26, 2 pis., 1946) .75 COLEOPTERA 1133. Benesh (B.) A systematic revision of the Holarctic gen. Platycerus Geoffrey (72: 139-202, 5 pis., 1946) 1.90 1129. Dillon (L. S. & E. S.) Review of the Onocephalini (Ceram- bicidae) (72: 27-48, 1 pi., 1946) 65 1131. Green (J. W.) A new sp. of Enochrus (Hydrophilidae) (72: 61-64, figs., 1946) 20 1130. Robinson (M.) Studies in the Scarabaeidae III (72: 49-59, 1946) 30 LEPIDOPTERA 1125. Jones (F. M.) Platoeceticus Packard, and a remarkable n. sp. of the genus (Psychidae) (71 : 99-124, 4 pis., 1945) 75 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS JUNK 1947 iis. ^ IL Vol. LVIII No. 6 CONTENTS Calvert Samuel Francis Aaron 137 Richards and Korda Electron micrographs of setae 141 Banks (A letter to the News) 145 Chamberlin Chilopods from Panama 146 Robinson Notes on Scarabaeidae 149 Frota-Pessoa Drosophila mallochi 151 Notes and News in Entomology Schmieder More about dancing bees 152 Steyskal Insect collection records by States 154 Soukup Appeal for information on Peru 156 List of titles of publications 157 Current Entomological Literature 159 PUBLISHED MONTHLY, EXCEPT AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER. BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY PRINCE AND LEMON STS.. LANCASTER, PA. AND THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA 3, PA. Subscription, per yearly volume of ten numbers: $3.00 domestic; $3.30 foreign; $3.15 Canada. 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SEPARATES of articles without covers, without extraneous matter, will be furnished by the printer at the following prices: 14 pages, 25 copies, $2.50; 50 copies, $2.50; 100 copies, $3.00. 5-8 pages, 25 copies, $4.00; 50 copies, $4.00; 100 copies, $4.75. 9-12 pages; 25 copies, $6.25; SO copies, $6.25; 100 copies, $7.25. Covers: first 50, $2.75; additionals at 2 cents each. Plates, printed on one side: first 50, $2.00; additional at \ l / 2 cents each. Transportation charges will be extra. THE LANCASTER PRESS, INC., Lancaster, Pa. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOL. LVIII JUNE, 1947 No. 6 Samuel Francis Aaron SAMUEL FRANCIS AARON, widely known as S. FRANK AARON, died near Pipersville, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, on January 15, 1947, as announced in the NEWS for February, 1947. He was born at Mount Holly, New Jersey, March 5, 1862, where his father, Charles Eugene Aaron, was principal and owner of the Mount Holly Institute, a school for boys. His mother was Anna Murray Aaron. An older brother was Eugene Murray Aaron (18541940), first editor of the NEWS, as mentioned in our issue -for May, 1942, page 142. Later the family moved to Maryville, Tennessee, where Samuel Francis spent most of his boyhood. On December 25, 1882, he was appointed to one of the Jessup Fund Scholarships at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila- delphia, established by the children of Augustus E. Jessup, a position held by many young men and young women who subse- quently made jiames for themselves in American biology, as George Howard Parker, Spencer Trotter, William M. Gabb. Charles Conrad Abbott, John A. Ryder and Angelo Heilprin. 1 He was reappointed to this scholarship July 27, 1885. While a Jessup Fund scholar his first technical entomological paper was published : Descriptions of new Psocidae in the collec- tion of the American Entomological Society (Transactions of the Society XI: 37-40, Dec., 1883). In it are described one new genus (Dorypteryx) , eight new species and one new vari- ety, mostly collected by himself, in or near Philadelphia, in the summer of that year. Three years later, another paper on the same group appeared: On some new Psocidae (Proceedings of 1 A Short History of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia by Edward J. Nolan. Founders' \Yeek Memorial Volume. Published by the City of Philadelphia 1909, pp. 153-186. Separately payed 1-38. (137) OCT 6 1947 138 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '47 the Academy 1886: 13-18, 1 plate). "The several new species described here are in the collections of the American Entomo- logical Society" and comprised seven new species, one new vari- ety and one new genus Echmepteryx ; some of these are from his own collections in southern Texas, others from near Phila- delphia. Aaron's types of sixteen species of Psocida are pre- served in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. In 1884 he made a trip to Texas with Corpus Christi as his headquarters. He collected insects for the most part within a radius of fifty miles to the north and west of that town, from mid-March to June. In the latter half of June he went along the coast to the Colorado River, over one hundred miles distant. All his excursions were made under the guidance of Mr. John Priour, of Corpus Christi, a collector in other branches of natu- ral history. The story is told in Aaron's article, "Collecting on the Gulf Coast of Southern Texas," published in Papilio, a jour- nal devoted to the Lepidoptera, of which his brother, E. M. Aaron, was editor, Volume IV: 159-161, for November, 1884. It mentions only the Lepidoptera which were observed or gath- ered. Another result of this expedition, nearly twenty years later, was the description of a dragonfly, Neoncura aaroni, by the present writer (Biol. Centr.-Amer. Neur. 139, 1903), while in 1890 LcptJicmis (now Brachynicsia} gravida Calvert had been described in part from material from the same source (Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., 17: 35). On March 27, 1885, he was chosen by the Committee in charge for the Entomological Section of the Academy to be cus- todian of insects for the balance of the year. In this period his most extensive entomological paper appeared : The North American Chrysididae (Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 12: 209-248, 5 pis., 1885). Its author writes: "The materials upon which this monograph is based are the almost perfect collections of the American Entomological Society, containing the types of Messrs. Cresson and Norton, together with a large number of un- described forms, and the collection of M. Provancher, of Canada, kindly loaned me for study, containing all his type specimens described in the 'Naturaliste Canadien' with other rare and in- teresting species." It describes one new genus, DiplorrJws, and Iviii, '47 1 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 139 thirty-one new species. Alexander Mocsary, of the National Hungarian Museum at Budapest, expressed a favorable opinion of it in his Monographia Chrysididarum orbis terrarum universi - and replaces the preoccupied name Chrysis hirsnta Aaron with C. aaroni (p. 386). Aaron's types of thirty-two species of Chrysididae are listed by Cresson as being in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (Mem. Amer. Ent. Soc. 5: 28-30, 1928). The writer possesses some manuscript "Notes and drawings of Odonata and Neuroptera S. Frank Aaron," undated, but probably of about this period, given to me many years ago by their author. They contain many notes in the characteristic handwriting of Dr. H. A. Hagen, indicating that Mr. Aaron was in correspondence with the great entomologist of the Mu- seum of Comparative Zoology. In 1896 he became economic entomologist at the Philadelphia Commercial Museum and held this position until at least 1906, according to data which doubtless he furnished to the first edi- tion of American Men of Science of the latter year. In 1907 he married Elsie W. Lindsey, who survives him. Mrs. Aaron has kindly supplied a number of facts concerning her husband and has presented to the Academy of Natural Sci- ences of Philadelphia a scrap book which he had made and en- titled "The nearly complete periodical writings of S. F. Aaron from 1881 to Herein collected in 1914." It comprises 232 pages, 14 X 10 inches, with an index as far as page 154. The contents are printed clippings arranged in chronological order. Actually the collection extends to November, 1938, but does not include his papers already mentioned. They deal with many phases of popular natural history, the earliest being on "Odd bird songs" from the "Philadelphia Record about 1881" copied from the Boston Ornithologist. The earliest article on insects - Budapestini 1889, 4to. pp. xv, 643, 2 pis. After referring to North American species described by previous authors "quas anno 1885 Aaron, maxima ex parte secundum specimina typica revisioni severae subiecit. Opus hoc, summa fide elaboratum ad determinationem speck-rum liujus orbis terrarum partis maxime difficilem optimum est. Tantum optandum fuisset, ut auctor species Cressoni de insula Cuba quoque non satis com- plete descriptas in suum opus assumsisset." P. 23. 140 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '47 in this collection, on "The bold robber fly" [Asilus] , from the Philadelphia Times of 1889, with three illustrations, was re- printed in part in the NEWS for April, 1894, but without the figures. An article on "Migrating Insects," in the Times for 1891, records his observations on vast numbers of the butterfly, Krigonia lysidc, "a certain large dragonfly" and a "common gray beetle known as the Spanish Fly," perhaps made during his Texas trips above mentioned. 3 Other clippings on insects are from the Youths' Companion, Popular Science News, Scientific American, St. Nicholas, American Homes and Gardens, New England Magazine, Guide to Nature, Collier's, American Suburbs, Country Gentleman, Philadelphia Public Ledger, Farm Journal, Dearborn Inde- pendent and Nature Magazine, many of them with illustrations by the author. On January 13, 1913, he began a series of daily articles in the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, "Outdoor Life in Winter, in Spring, in Summer, in Autumn," which continued until July 19, 1915, and occupy pages 80-209 of the scrap book. An article from the Philadelphia Record of September 15, 1918, describes an attempt in which he took part to eradicate mosquitoes in the Hog Island region of Delaware County, Penn- sylvania, and to which is added a note in his handwriting that "The work was a failure throughout." In 1920-1925 he lived out in the country about nine miles from Lincoln University, Post Office, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Aaron writes of her husband : "He was a life-long stu- dent of nature, he knew trees and the wood from them and the wild flowers. He had a way of imparting his knowledge to old and young alike that made him an interesting companion on a hike, or just at home with me. He knew the birds intimately, as well as the four-footed little creatures in the wild. He would often sit down and sketch any of them he might come upon, dead, for future reference." PHILIP P. CALVERT. 3 There is, however, a series of three articles in the scrap book from "Our Boys and Girls," apparently a department of the Times, 1891, de- scribing "a hunting trip that I took on the plains of Southwestern Texas when I was a boy of sixteen" ; this trip would have been in 1878. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 141 Electron Micrographs of Centipede Setae and Microtrichia T By A. GLENN RICHARDS and FRANCES H. KORDA, Division of Entomology and Economic Zoology, University of Minnesota In connection with a survey of various cuticles and sense or- gans to locate types most favorable to electron-microscope stud- ies of cuticle structure, Mr. R. E. Snodgrass and Dr. R. V. Chamberlin suggested that we examine the setae on centipede maxillae and antennae. All of the work was done with the common house centipede, Scntu/cni forceps (Rafinesque). On the midventral line between the bases of the first maxillae of the house centipede 2 there is a rather large pouch which is usually drawn in but which can be extruded. This pouch con- tains some hundreds of setae of two types: 1. Very long simple setae, 1-2 microns in diameter, which appear homogeneous in the electron microscope ; these need not be discussed as we have learned nothing about them other than their apparent simplicity ; 2. Flat, ovoid setae with helical thickenings and a short, fine- pointed tip (figs. 1 and 2). The top and side views of these remarkable setae seem self- explanatory. From a small socket the setae swell out with a relatively heavy wall (cuticle) ; then the wall ceases to be uni- form, for alternating thick and thin areas set at an angle of 35-40 to the cross-sectional plane give an appearance remark- ably similar to that of a tracheal wall with its helical taenidia. These thickenings are 0.1 to 0.3 microns broad and separated for about the same distance by an extremely thin membrane (only about 0.01 p. thick when dry). Overall dimensions are: total length 80-90 p., diameter of base 1-2 p, diameter at broad- est point on flatter surface 10-1 1 p., diameter in shorter direc- 1 Paper No. 2346, Scientific Journal Series, Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, St. Paul 1, Minn. The observations recor.ded in this paper were made in connection with work on a contract for studies on arthropod cuticle between the Medical Division of the Army Chemical Corps and the University of Minnesota. - Dr. Chamberlin writes that these pouches of setae are found only in the family Scutigeridae of the Chilopoda. 142 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June. '47 tion 2-3 p. ; the arc of curvature in "side view" is that of a circle with a radius of 75-80 /x. At the base of each seta some 12-14 of these helically pitched thickenings start ; by branching, the number is increased to about twice this at the broadest point. Rather abruptly the seta con- tracts in diameter, the helical thickenings taper off into the membrane and are lost, and the tip of the seta tapers out to end with a rounded but none-the-less extremely fine point of only about 0.1 p. diameter. Each helix which extends the maxi- mum length would make 56 turns around the seta. It might be repeated that at the base the helical thickenings start in thick, sclerotized cuticle by the development of lines of thin membrane, whereas at the tip the thickenings thin out into the thin membrane. The structure is made more transparent and diffuse by con- verting into chitosan (concentrated KOH at 160 C. for 15 minutes) but is not destroyed. The iodine test for chitosan is positive, therefore the setae contain chitin. When examined with the ordinary-light microscope, the con- trast between specimen and mounting medium is usually so low that none of this structure can be discerned. However, if a cleaned seta is allowed to dry in air and is then examined with the high powers of a compound microscope and reflected light a typical diffraction grating pattern can be seen. Serial sections examined with a light microscope show that these setae arise from sockets in a thin, highly convoluted cuticle that overlies a very thick epidermal layer of cells. No clue as to the possible function of these peculiar setae was obtained. On the antennae are rows of true setae, of ordinary structure. In addition there are even more numerous rows of somewhat smaller microtrichia, i.e., small hair-like projections of the cuti- cle which have no special sockets at their base. These micro- trichia (fig. 3) are 15-35 /x long and taper from 1 4- p. broad at the base to slightly less than 0.1 /t at the tip. These too show helical thickenings which, however, are not as distinct (the membrane between the thickenings is not so extremely thin and the thickenings themselves are not as Heavy), extend all the way Iviii. '4/1 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 143 Figs. 1 and 2. Top and side vic\\ > m" setae from maxillary oi Scutigera jorccps (Raf.). Fig. 3. Microtrichium fnnn antenna of same. 144 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '47 to the tip, are thinner (0.05-0.10 /A), more closely spaced (0.07- 0.15 /A), and have a much greater pitch (70-80 to the cross sectional plane). We were not able to determine for certain what happens to these helical thickenings at the base of the microtrichium presumably they are lost as the microtrichial wall curves out into the general cuticle of the antennal segment. The origin of microtrichia in arthropods is by no means clear. They are customarily viewed as simply hair-like projections of the outer surface of the cuticle and in whole mounts or sec- tions viewed with a light microscope they appear to be just that. It would seem that these microtrichia from centipede antennae must be more complex. They are not destroyed by treatment in concentrated KOH at 160 C. for 20 minutes, and after this treatment give the typical chitosan color test. They are re- sistant to mild warming with concentrated nitric acid. Serial sections examined with a light microscope show that they must consist of a layer of endocuticle, a layer of exocuticle and a layer of epicuticle. Electron micrographs of microtrichia simply rinsed in distilled water indicate that they are nearly opaque to electrons except at the edges and tip, but microtrichia given only a mild treatment in alkali (5% NaOH at 25 C. for 5 days) are quite transparent to electrons and are clearly hollow ; broken ones show a typical wall and central cavity. This should not be the case if we were dealing with a solid chitin-protein rod but would be expected if the structure contained a protoplasmic core. In an attempt to demonstrate such a core with the light microscope, serial sections (cross and tangential) were heavily overstained with Mallory's triple stain and examined. The tan- gential sections through the endocuticle showed spots and some- times holes at points where protoplasmic filaments might be ex- pected to be or have gone out to the microtrichia. The cross sections showed less contrast, but faint lines crossing the cuticle could be detected in those cases where the canal or filament ap- peared to have been sectioned. Whether or not living filaments extend through the cuticle into the microtrichia in the fully formed antennae is unknown ; the data presented above suggest that such a minute filament does occur at some stage since a Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 145 duct can be demonstrated and since the interior of the micro- trichia can be readily dissolved away. Incidentally, these figures reemphasize the fact that helical thickenings are no special property peculiar to the cuticle of tracheae. Helical structures, less clearly seen, have already been described for sensilla basiconica of some caterpillar an- tennae by Dethier 3 and for the anal setae of mosquito larvae by Anderson and Richards. 4 And, as is well-known, helical struc- tures are indeed of wide occurrence, e.g., the pore canals of insect cuticle, in plant cell walls, in wool, in the flagella of pro- tozoa, and even for one type of crack pattern developing in glass tubing. There are several conceivable ways for rationalizing the development of such helices but until some fairly direct evi- dence is available for cuticular helices there seems little profit in doing more than record these two new types as natural curi- osities to be added to the array of simple and bizarre forms al- ready known. A Letter to the News The retirement of EZRA T. CRESSON, JR., moves me to ex- press as forcibly as possible his great value not only to the Philadelphia Academy but to the numerous entomologists who depended upon him for information of types. He labored stead- ily in the most important, though often overlooked, work of preparation, arrangement and preservation of the collection. Such men are the foundation stones of a museum. NATHAN BANKS. 3 Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 87: 455-507. 1941. 4 Sci. Monthly, 55: 187-192. 1942. 146 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '47 A Few Chilopods taken in Panama by N. L. H. Krauss By RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN A small but interesting lot of cbilopods collected in Panama Canal Zone in 1946 by N. L. H. Krauss consists of representa- tives of the five species here listed. The types of the two new species are in the author's collection. Scolopendra viridis Say One young specimen taken at Summit in July, 1946. Cryptops annectus, new species Cephalic plate overlapping the first tergite ; with two short, parallel sulci running forward from the caudal margin. First tergite with a transverse cervical sulcus well impressed, the sulcus angled at the middle in a pit or depression ; with two longitudinal sulci which divide anteriorly, producing a W-shaped mark behind the cervical sulcus. Other tergites to the 20th with the usual paired longitudinal sulci. Anterior margin of prosternum in form of two low convex bows meeting at a very obtuse angle at the middle. Sternites with the usual median longitudinal sulcus crossed at middle by a transverse sulcus ; with spiracles or other special developments. Last ventral plate narrowly trapeziform ; coxal pores moderate in number, 12-15 on each side, not extending to caudal end of joint. In the anal legs both the prefemur and the femur are densely spinous beneath with a naked median longitudinal area on each. The prefemur bears a single stouter spine above at the meso- caudal corner. The femur bears a single tooth on the meso- ventral line about one fourth the distance from caudal end to base. Tibia with a series of four teeth beneath and the first joint of the tarsus with two. These articles with no teeth above. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 147 Length, 12 mm. Locality. Panama : El Valle. August, 1946. One specimen taken under bark of a dead tree. A small, apparently young, specimen taken at Summit is probably 'this species. N. L. H. Krauss, collector. Distinct from other central American species having a cervical sulcus on the first tergite in the character of the anal legs as above described. Genus CYMOCHILUS, new A schendyloid genus resembling LitoscJicndyla in lacking true, rooted teeth on the labrum, the margin of the latter presenting crenatures at the middle, these becoming more acute or tooth- like at the sides. Distinct from LitoscJicndyla in having well developed claws on the anal legs. Claws of second maxillae pectinate. Ventral pores present in a median area. Last ven- tral plate wide. Coxal pores two on each side. Generotype. Cymochilus panainicola, new species The genus may be placed with reference to the other known American genera of the family, excepting the inadequately de- scribed Holitys, by means of the following key. KEY TO AMERICAN GENERA OF THE SCHENDYLIDAE 1 (4). Anal coxae each with several pores 2 2 (3). Anal legs with a well developed claw; claw of second maxillae pectinate Escaryus Cook 3 (2). Anal legs without claws; claw of second maxillae smooth Sof/olahis Chamberlin 4 ( 1 ) . Anal coxae witji 0, 1 or 2 pores 5 5 (6). Anal coxae without pores Nesony.v Chamberlin 6 (5). Anal coxae with 1 or 2 pores 7 7 (12). Anal coxae with but 1 pore 8 8 (9). Claws of prehensors when closed much surpassing an- terior margin of head Mc.vicony.v Chamberlin 9 (8). Claws of prehensors- when closed not surpassing ante- rior margin of head 10 10 (11). Ventral pores present Siinoporns Chamberlin 11 (10). Ventral pores absent Moruin/nis Chamberlin 148 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [JuilC, '47 12 (7). Anal coxae each with 2 pores 13 13 ( 18) . Ventral pores absent 14 14 (17). Anal legs six-jointed beyond coxae, with claws. ... 15 15 (16). Claw of second maxillae smooth; prosternum of pre- hensors with chitinous lines . . . Sogodcs Chamberlin 16 (15). Claw of second maxillae pectinate; prosternum with- out chitinous lines Parunguis Chamberlin 17 (14). Anal legs five-jointed beyond coxae, without claws Nannopodellus Chamberlin 18 (13). Ventral pores present 19 19 (21). Labrum without true teeth, the margin simply wavy or crenate 20 20 (21). Anal legs armed with claws; first maxillae without lappets Cymochilus, gen. nov. 21 (20). Anal legs clawless; first maxillae with lappets Litoschendyla Chamberlin 22 ( 19) . Labrum with true teeth 23 23 (24). Claw of palpi of second maxillae abortive Schcndylcllus Chamberlin 24 ( 23 ) . Claw of palpi of second maxillae normally developed' . 25 25 (30). Anal legs clawless 26 26 (27). Claw of palpus of second maxillae smooth Sclicndyla Berg, and Meinert. 27 (26). Claw of palpi of second maxillae pectinate 28 28 (29). Coxal glands heterogeneous. . .Pectiniungiiis Bollman 29 (28). Coxal glands homogeneous. . . .Schendylurus Silvestri 30 (25). Anal legs with claws Nyctunguis Chamberlin Cymochilus panamicola, new species Pale yellow throughout. Head longer than wide, narrowed from behind middle forward ; frontal suture not. evident. Pre- basal plate not exposed. Fig. 1. Labrum of Cymochilus panamicola n. sp. Labrum excised, the margin forming a right angle at middle, the crenatures about ten in number, these being apically less Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 149 rounded, more acure, as shown in the figure. (Fig. 1.) Man- dible with 5 long well sclerotized teeth which seem to be indis- tinctly separated into two blocks of 2 and 3 teeth respectively. First maxillae without lappets; palpi proportionately thick, bi- articulate, the distal article rounded, bearing two setae. Claw of second maxillae well developed, pectinate, the article bearing the claw also with 5 or 6 setae on or toward its distal end. Orphnaeus brevilabiatus (Newport) One specimen was taken on Colorado Island on August 13, one at Cocoli on Avigust 21, and one at Summit in October, 1946. Mecistocephalus maxillaris (Gervais) One specimen of this tropicopolitan species was taken on No- vember 2, 1946, at Summit. Notes on a few Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) By MARK ROBINSON, Springfield, Pennsylvania Aphodius manitobensis Brown 1928. Aphodius manitobensis Brown, Can. Ent, LX. p. 302. This species was described from a unique male specimen col- lected in Manitoba. Recently I collected both sexes in deer droppings in the Pocono Mountains of Pennsylvania. The fe- male specimens differ from the male in having the anterior tibial spur thinner and not so strongly curved caudad. In addition the short spur of the middle tibiae in the female is about half as long as the long spur and it is acute at the apex. Aphodius guttatus Eschscholtz 1823. Aphodius guttatus Eschscholtz, Mem. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou.. VI, p.' 97. This species was described from Alaska and has been re- corded from Labrador. In September 1946 this writer took a specimen near Pittsford, Vermont, in porcupine droppings. 150 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '47 This appears to be the first record of this species being collected in the United States. Aphodius bicolor Say 1823. Aphodius bicolor Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci.. III. p. 212. 1938. Aphodius coinanchi Robinson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., LXIV, p. 146. Aphodius coinanchi is a large light-colored example of A. bicolor and the name should be suppressed in favor of the older species. The western forms of this species seem to be larger in size than the eastern forms but I believe they do not merit a distinctive name. Ataenius insculptus Horn 1887. Ataenius insculptus Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., XIV, . p. 70. Horn in his description of this species states that it lacks an accessory spinule at the inner angle of the apex of the hind tibiae. The type of this species was examined. by the author and a coating of dirt cleaned off the hind tibiae thus revealing a short accessory spinule to be present. This species was described from Florida and has always remained rare in collections, but on May 11, 1947, 23 specimens were collected by the author at Martha, N. J., in deer droppings. These specimens average a little smaller in size but otherwise agree with typical specimens. Ataenius wenzeli Horn 1887. Ataenius wenzeli Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., XIV, p. 77. As in the preceding species, a close examination of the type reveals a short accessory spinule at the apex of the hind tibiae although Horn states that the hind tibiae are without this spinule. The presence of this spinule places this species in the strigatus group of Ataenius. Mr. Robert Peters collected a small series of this species at Charleston, S. C., in May, 1944, and these specimens have the elytral intervals slightly raised instead of flat as in typical specimens ; this condition makes ivcnzcli rather Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 151 close to Fall's rndcllus. Further study and a larger series of specimens may make it necessary to unite these species. Phyllophaga georgiana Schaeffer 1909. Phyllophaga georgiana Schaeffer, Bull. Brook. Ins.. I, p. 382. 1938. Phyllophaga duvalus Robinson, Trans. Amer. Km. Soc., LXIV, p. 110. Since duvalns was described the type of georgiana has been located in the author's collection. Schaeffer placed his species in Horn's group IV while I placed dnvalits in group IX where I still think it belongs because the short, fixed spur of the hind tibiae is three-fifths as long as the long spur. The genitalia are missing in Schaeffer's type but on the basis of external characters I believe the two forms to be the same species. Concerning Drosophila mallochi Frota-Pessoa By O. FROTA-PESSOA In the June, 1946 issue of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, I published a note, under the title "Drosophila mallochi nom. nov." proposing D. mallochi as a new name for D. lath'ittata Malloch 1924 in Malloch & McAtee 1924 Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 57: 36-37 (nee D. lathittata Malloch 1923 Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. 48: 618). However, Dr. G. B. Mainland and Dr. G. Steyskal have called my attention to the note on page 64 of W. P. Spencer's paper (1942 Univ. Texas Pub. 4213: 52-66), in which he declares that D. palnsiris is a substitutive name for D. latirittata. In spite of this Spencer describes it as a new species and even de- clares that he sent paratypes to the Museum. The Zool. Record also refers to D. palustris as a new species. These facts induced a wrong interpretation. So, D. mallochi remains as a synonym of D. palnstris Spencer 1942. 152 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '47 Notes and News in Entomology Under this heading we present, from time to time, notes, news, and comments. Contributions from readers are earnestly solicited and will be acknowledged when used. More about Dancing Bees. That honey-bees not only inform their hive-mates of the existence of new sources of nectar but also tell them quite exactly in which direction and at what distance to search are the startling new discoveries of Professor Karl von Frisch. These findings are so remarkable and deal with abilities so far beyond anything previously sus- pected of any insects that the NEWS is anxious to help make the facts more widely known. In his first publication l on the "language" of bees, as well as in later reports, 2 von Frisch described a "Rundtanz," or circling dance (a running around in small circles with frequent reversal of direction), performed on the combs by any bee returning full of food to the hive. This dance excites nearby individuals and arouses them to rush forth from the hive and, it was said, to search at random for the same food, guided only by the odor that they had perceived upon the dancing bee. For pollen gath- erers, another sort of dance was described, the "Schwanzeltanz" or wagging dance. A new series of experiments 3 continued through 1944 and 1945 brought to light astounding facts, facts so strange, so fan- tastical, that von Frisch himself could accept them only after oft repeated experiments under varied conditions. In the first place, he found that the differences between the two styles of dance depends only upon the distance from the hive to the food source and not upon whether the food is nectar or pollen. His earlier observations were correct but he erred in his conclusions 1 K. v. FRISCH, 1923, Uber die "Sprache" der Bienen. Zool. Jahrb., Abt. allg. Zool. u. Physiol. 40: 1-186. - For additional references to the literature see article "On Directing the Flight of Bees," by R. G. SCHMIEDER in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 57: 16-19, January 1946. 3 K. v. FRISCH, 1946, Die Tanze der Bienen. Osterreichische Zool. Zeitschr. 1 : 1-48. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 153 because he had not varied his experimental conditions suffi- ciently ; he had always placed the food near the hive while the pollen sources were always at a distance. Bees returning from a distance of 50 meters or less perform the circling dance (Rundtanz) ; those from 100 meters or more, the wagging dance (Schwanzeltanz). At distances between 50 and 100 meters, there is a gradual change or rather the bee may make both sorts of movements. In the Schwanzeltanz, the bee runs in a semi-circle on one side, say in a clockwise direction, then runs a few steps straight back to where it started, then immediately makes another semi-circle on the other side, i.e., running in a counter-clockwise direction, and again straight back to the starting point. It is during the straight part of the run that the characteristic "Schwanzeln," i.e., the shaking or wag- ging of the abdomen, occurs. At distances greater than 100 meters, the number of wagging runs (Schwanzelaufe) per unit of time decreases with the dis- tance. At the same time the number of wagging motions in- creases so that the vigor of the dance appears as great as before, in fact it gains in emphasis. Thus it is possible by timing the number of runs per unit of time, say 15 seconds, to know with fair accuracy the distance from which the dancing bee has ob- tained her food. Even more startling was the second discovery, that the wagging dance also indicates the direction from the hive in which lies the food. It is the straight part of the dance run that indicates with astonishing accuracy the direction as related to the direction of the sun at the particular time of day. If the runs are vertically upward on the comb, the food lies exactly in the direction towards the sun, if downward, opposite the sun. If the run deviates 10 to the right of the vertical, the direction of the food is at that same angle to the right of the sun. A deviation to the left, at whatever angle, would indicate that the food is to be found at the corresponding angle to the left of the sun. Sometimes a dancing bee may move to the opposite face of the comb but the dance will not change, a run to the bee's right still means the food is to the right of the sun, and the same 154 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June. '47 applies if the entire hive is turned about. On the other hand, if the hive is laid on its side, the runs are then oriented directly towards the food supply and the bee will continue to run towards that same direction, in space, even though the hive be rotated horizontally. Finally, experiments were devised that demonstrated beyond question that a dancing bee's hive-mates really act on the infor- mation received and do search diligently in the direction and at the distance suggested. Altogether, this paper of von Frisch, like his earlier works, is a perfect example of good scientific writing ; it is carefully organized, crystal clear and very readable. In it he allows us to accompany him, so to speak, along his path of discovery. He traces for us his ideas and early experiments that proposed the problems. Then, for each part of the work, he outlines the inductive reasoning that reveals the new hypothesis, and the deductive thinking that suggests to him all the possible condi- tions that must obtain if his hypothesis be true, and, finally, how he devised and carried out the crucial experiments. R. G. SCHMIEDER. The Distribution by States of United States Insect Col- lection Records. Any one who has studied the distribution of North American insects knows that there are extensive la- cunae in the data, even as regards the United States. In order to determine the extent and location of these "blind spots," the writer compiled the number of State records cited in 108 synop- tic or revisional papers wherein the distribution of the various species was given in sufficient detail. All too frequently the distribution of a species is cited as "east of the Rocky Moun- tains" or "Connecticut to Illinois and southward." Such cita- tions mean very little. The 108 papers were all published dur- ing the present century and are divided among the various orders as follows : Coleoptera, 23 ; Diptera, 16; Hemiptera Heteroptera, 6 ; Hemiptera Homoptera, 9 ; Hymenoptera, 27 ; Lepidoptera, 7 ; Orthoptera, 6; miscellaneous (ten orders), 14. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 155 The number of species cited for each State may be tabulated as follows : N. Y 1222 Texas ....1152 Colo 1092 Calif 1060 Ariz 1036 Fla 801 Pa 753 111 744 Mass 744 N. J 712 N. M 677 N. C 654 Va 636 Kans 624 Wash 558 Mich 555 Ind. ..551 .538 .530 .521 .489 .474 .466 .428 Md Ore Utah Ga Ohio D. C N. H Maine 423 Iowa 371 Idaho 365 Mo 330 Mont 324 Conn 320 Wis 296 Minn 289 Nev 284 Wyom 282 La 266 Nebr 265 Ala 241 S. D 236 S. C 222 Tenn 196 Miss 185 Ky 170 Okla 163 W. Va 133 Ark 130 Vt 125 R. 1 121 N. D 118 Del. ..45 As number of species per thousand square miles, the above data may be expressed as follows : D. C 6657 R. 1 97 Mass 90 N. J 87 Conn 64 N. H 46 Md 44 N. Y 25 Del 19 Pa 17 Ind 15 Va 15 Fla 14 111 13 Maine 13 Vt 13 N. C. .12.5 Ohio 12 Colo 10.5 Mich 10 Ariz 9 Ga 8 Kans 8 Wash 8 Calif 7 Iowa 7 S. C 7 Utah 6 La 5.5 N. M 5.5 Ore 5.5 \V. Va 5.5 Ala 5 Mo. ..5 Tenn 5 Wis 5 Idaho 4 Ky 4 Miss 4 Tex 4 Minn 3 Nebr 3 Nev 3 S. D 3 \Yyom 3 Ark 2 Mont 2 X. D 2 Okla. Among the last half (24) in both the above tables are tlu- following twenty States: Iowa. S. C., La., \V. Va.. Ala., Mo., Tenn., Wis., Ida.. Ky.. Miss., Minn., Xebr., Nev., S. D., \Yvom.. Ark., Mont., N. D., and Okla. 156 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June. '47 Only three States, N. Y., N. J., and N. C, have comprehen- sive published State lists which offset the above figures. Some have published lists of several orders or large families ; among these are Ohio, Conn., 111., Kans., Colo., and Iowa. It was especially difficult to find papers on Lepidoptera in which detailed distributional data is given. There are, how- ever, many State lists of butterflies. No significant variation was seen between the various orders. It is believed, therefore, that the figures reflect to a large extent the relative amount of collecting that has been done in each State. If the data be plotted on a map it will be seen that a broad band of nearly "virgin territory" exists from West Virginia through Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Arkansas, to Oklahoma, all of which are areas of rich faunal content. A little collecting in these States w r ould yield data of much zoogeo- graphical significance. Another and more extensive pallid area on the map would extend inclusively from Wisconsin to Idaho and take in Nevada, Montana, Wyoming, both Dakotas, Nebraska, Minnesota, Iowa, and Missouri. In the extreme east Delaware has hardly been touched and among the New England States Vermont has re- mained aloof. It is hoped that the data here presented will influence to some degree the choice of collecting sites. However, the insect fauna of even the best-collected States is far from thoroughly known and activity there should not be lessened. GEORGE C. STEYSKAL. From Peru comes a request for information to be used in compiling a "Gazetteer of Entomological (or Zoological) Stations in Peru." The names of collectors who visited Peru are wanted and information on their routes, data and experi- ences regarding their localities that may be of use to subsequent collectors, and references to any published records of their trips and collections. Address : JAROSLAV SOUKUP, Box 999, Lima, Peru. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 157 List of Titles of Publications Referred to by Numbers in Entomological Literature in Entomological News. 1. American Midland Naturalist. Notre Dame, Indiana. 2. American Museum Novitates. New York, N. Y. 3. American Naturalist. Garrison-on-Hudson, New York. 4. Annals of Applied Biology. London. 5. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. Columbus, Ohio. 6. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. London. 7. Annales Academia Brasileira Sciencias. Rio de Janeiro. 8. Anales del Institute de Biologia Mexico. Mexico City. 9. Anatomical Record. Philadelphia. 10. Arkiv fur Zoologie. K. Svenska Vetenkapsakademien i. Stockholm. 11. Arquivos de Higiene e Saude Publica. Sao Paulo. 12. Biological Bulletin. Woods Hole, Massachusetts. 13. Bios, Rivista Biol. Geneva. 14. Boletin de Entomologia Venezolana. Caracas. 15. Boletin del Museo de Historia Natural "Javier Prado." Lima, Peru. 16. Boletin do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro. Brasil. 17. Bull. Acad. Sci. (Izvestia Akad. nauk) U R S S (S. biol.). 18. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society. New York. 19. Bulletin of Entomological Research. London. 20. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Cambridge, Mass. 21. Bulletin of the Southern California Acad. of Sciences. Los Angeles. 22. C. r. Acad. Sci. (Doklady Akad. nauk) U R S S. Leningrad. 23. Canadian Entomologist. Guelph, Canada. 24. Canadian Journal of Research. Ottawa, Canada. 25. Ecological Monographs. Durham, North Carolina. 26. Ecology. Brooklyn, New York. 27. Entomologica Americana. Brooklyn Ent. Society, New York. 28. Entomological Monthly Magazine. London. 29. Entomological Record and Journal of Variations. London. 30. The Entomologist. London. 31. Florida Entomologist. Gainesville, Florida. 32. Frontiers. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 33. Great Basin Naturalist. Provo, Utah. 34. Iowa State College Journal of Science. Ames, Iowa. 35. Journal of Agricultural Research. Washington, D. C. 36. Journal of Animal Ecology. London. 37. Journal of Economic Entomology. Geneva, New York. 38. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Science Society. Chapel Hill, X. C. 39. Journal of Entomology and Zoology. Claremont, California. 40. Journal of Experimental Biology. London. 41. Journal of Experimental Zoology. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 42. Journal of Heredity. Baltimore, Maryland. 43. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society. Lawrence, Kansas. 44. Journal of Morphology. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 45. Journal of the New York Entomological Society. New York. 46. Journal of Parasitology. New York. 47. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Sciences. Nashville, Tenn. 48. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. Washington, D. C. 49. Memorias do Institute Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro. 50. Microentomology. Stanford University, California. 51. The Microscope and Entomological Monthly. London. 52. Mosquito News. Albany, Xe\\ York. 53. Nature. London. 54. Nature. Washington, D. C. 55. La Xaturaliste Canadien. Quebec. 158 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '47 56. Natural History. New York. 57. Occasional Papers, Mus. of Zool., Univ. of Michigan. Ann Arbor. 58. Ohio Journal of Science. Columbus, Ohio. 59. Opinions and Declarations. Intern. Com. Zool. Nomencl. London. 60. Pan-Pacific Entomologist. San Francisco, California. 61. Parasitology. London. 62. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences. Philadelphia. 63. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Washington, D. C. 64. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco. 65. Proceedings of the Entom. Soc. of Washington. Washington, D. C. 66. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. Honolulu. 67. Proceedings of the National Acad. of Sciences. Washington, D. C. 68. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Ser. A. 69. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Ser. B. 70. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Ser. C. 71. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum. Washington, D. C. 72. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. London. 73. Psyche, A Journal of Entomology. Boston, Massachusetts. 74. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science. London. 75. Quarterly Review of Biology. Baltimore, Maryland. 76. Revista Academia Columbiana de Cien. Exact. Fis. y Nat. Bogota. 77. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural. Valparaiso, Chile. 78. Revista Institute Salubridad y Enfermedades Tropicales. Mexico. 79. Revista Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural. Mexico City. 80. Science. Washington, D. C. 81. Scientific Monthly. New York. 82. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. Washington, D. C. 83. Transactions of the American Entomological Society. Philadelphia. 84. Transactions of the Amer. Microsc. Soc. Menasha, Wisconsin. 85. Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Sciences. Springfield. 86. Transactions of the Kansas Acad. of Sci. Manhattan, Kansas. 87. Transactions of the Royal Canadian Institute. Toronto. 88. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society. London. 89. U. S. Dept. of Agric., Farmer's Bulletins. Washington, D. C. 90. U. S. Dept. of Agric., Technical Bulletins. Washington, D. C. 91. University of California Publications in Entomology. Berkeley. 92. University of California Publications in Zoology. Berkeley. 93. University of Kansas, Science Bulletins. Lawrence, Kansas. 94. Ward's Natural Science Bulletin. Rochester, New York. 95. Zoologica. New York. 96. American Journal of Public Health. Boston. 97. American Journal of Tropical Medicine. Baltimore. 98. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology. Liverpool. 99. Canadian Journal of Research. Section E, Medical Sciences, Ottawa. 100. Turtox News. Chicago, Illinois. 101. Mitteilungen der schweitzerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft, Bern. 102. Revue de Entomologie. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 103. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 104. Anales de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas. Mexico. 105. Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology. Philadelphia. 106. Redia. Florence, Italy. 107. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France. Paris. 108. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France. Paris. 109. Notulae Naturae. Philadelphia. 110. L'Entomologiste. Paris. 111. Revista Brasiliera de Biologic. Rio de Janeiro. 112. Eos, Revista Espaiiola de Entomologia. Madrid. 113. Minist. de Agri. de la Nacion, Inst. Sanidad Vegetal, Buenos Aires. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 150 Current Entomological Literature COMPILED BY EDWIN T. MOUL, RAYMOND Q. BLISS, CHARLES HODGE IV, MAURICE E. PHILLIPS, JOHN W. H. REHN AND HENRY K. TOWNES, JR. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and the University ot Pennsylvania, pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrele- vant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species will be recorded. This list gives references of the current or preceding year unless otherwise noted. Continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installment. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record, Office of Ex- periment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Entomology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. NOTE: The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper ap- peared, as numbered in the List of periodicals and serials published in our January and June issues. The number of the volume, and in some cases, the part, heft, &c. is followed by a colon (:). References to papers containing new forms or names not so stated in titles are followed by (*); if containing keys are followed by (k): papers pertaining exclusively to Neotropical species, and not so indicated in the title, have the symbol (S). Papers published in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS are not listed. GENERAL Blackwelder, R. E. The dates and edi- tions of Curtis' British Entomology. [82] 107: 1-27. ill. Carpenter, F. M. Early insect life. |73] 54: 65-85. ill. Curtis, W. P. Nomenclature again. [28] 83: 100-102. Fullaway, D. T. Niihau insects. [66] 13: 51-53. Hay- dak, M. H. Rearing clothes moth and black carpet beetle in the laboratory. [37] 40: 279-80. Maimardi, A. Pro- posta di un modo di preparare gli insetti minuti, e descrizi- one di un apparacchietto per poterli studiare comodamenta al microsopio. [Riv. di Parassit.] 7: 113-18 (1943). Os- born, H. On the status of grass insects. [65] 49: 149-50. Sabrosky, C. W. Stability of family names: some princi- ples and problems. [3] 81 : 153-60. Setterstrom, C. A. Banishing bug bites. [52] 6: 186-88. Smith, Dean and Kelly The sixteenth or 1946 annual population summary of Kansas insects. [43] 20: 41-58. Smith, H. S. Biologi- cal control of weeds in the U. S. [65] 49: 169-70. Steed- man, H. F. Ester wax: a new embedding medium. [74] 88: 123-33. Woods, R. S. Addenda to the naturalist's lexicon. Abbey Garden Press, Pasadena, Cal. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, MEDICAL Callot, J.- Nouveaux cas de phoresie. [Annales de Parasit.] 23: 379- 80, ill. (1946). Calvert, P. P. I low many mosquito lar\ ;u and pupae are required to make one dragonfly (Aeschni- dae)? [65] 49: 171-72. Ciaccio, G. Ricerche sull'accres cimento e sullo sviluppo delle ghiandole salivari dellc larve li Anopheles maculipennis. [Riv. di Parassit.] 5: 217-34 160 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '47 (1941). Corradetti, A. Sull'introduzione di metodi ge- netici per la determinazione delle specie negli anofelini. [Riv. di Parassit.] 7: 43-48 (1943). Dean and Chapman- Biology and control of the apple redbug. [N. Y. State Agr. Exp. Station] Bull. 716: 3-42. Judd, W. W. The proventriculus of the larva of the caddis-fly, Macronema zebratum (Trichoptera : Hydropsychidae). [24] 25: 87-90, ill. Nucciotti, L. Sulla resistenza all'immersione sub- acquea delle larva di Anopheles gambiae. [Riv. di Paras- sit.] 7: 87-90 (1943). Oliveira e Moussatche Aqau do DDT sobre larvas e pupas de Musca domestica. [HI] 7: 67-72, ill. Salt, R. W. Some effects of temperature on the production and elimination of diapause in the wheat stem sawfly Cephus cinctus. [24] 25 : 66-86. Stammers and Whitefield The toxicity of DDT to man and animals. [19] 38: 1-73. Thornton, D. The effect of 2,4-dinitrophe- nol on the larval growth of Drosophila melanogaster. [Growth] 11: 51-60. Travis, B. V. Relative efficiency of six species of mosquitoes from Guam, M. L, as develop- mental hosts for Dirofilaria immitis. [46] 33: 142-45. Vanni, V. Sulla biologica e morfologia di Phlebotomus perniciosus nella provincia di Napoli. [Riv. di Parassit.] 7: 121-26 (1943). Villee, C. A. A spectrophotometric analysis of the eye colors of Habrobrucon. [Genetics, N. Y.] 32: 277-85. Whittinghill, M. A doubly mosaic Drosophila of unusual type. [38] 63: 37-42. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA Andre et Ansel- Sur la presence d'un Oribatid (Notaspis coleoptratus) dans le tissu sous-cutane d'un triton marbre Triturus marmora- tus. [Annales de Parasit.] 21: 376-77 (1946). Banks, N. On some Acarina from North Carolina. [73] 54: 11041, ill. (k*). Bryant, E. B. A list of spiders from Mona Is- land, with descriptions of new and little known species. [73] 54: 86-99, ill. (*). Delpy, L.-P. Revision, par des. voies experimentales, du genre Hyalomma C. L., Koch 1884 (Ixodidae). Note preliminaire. 1. Necessite d'une revision du genre Hyalomma. [Annales de Parasit.] 21 : 267-93, ill. (1946). Grant, C. D. American mites of the genus Laelaps (Acarina). [50] 12: 1-21. ill. (k*) : Re- description of a snake-infesting mite. [50] 12: 22-23, ill. Pavlov, P. Richerche sperirhentali sulla tassina delle uova di Ixodinae. [Riv. di Parassit. ] 6: 101-06 (1942). Schu- bart, O. Um novo representante da familia Leptodesmidae, Macrocoxodesmus marcusi, n. g., n. sp. (Diplopoda). [Ill] 7: 109-12, ill. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 161 SMALLER ORDERS Augustson, G. F. Xenopsylla fleas of the Hawaiian Islands (Pulicid). [66] 13: 33-36, ill. Bianchi, F. A. Thysanoptera Hawaiiensis, I. |(V>| 13: 37-42, ill. (*). Brues, C. T. Predatory enemies of winged termites. [65] 49: 167-68. Calvert," P. P. (See under Anatomy.) Carpenter, F. M. Taxonomic notes on the Dilaridae (Neuroptera). [73] 54: 100-09, ill. (*). Filho e de Castro Spongiphora moreirae, nome novo para Spongiphora dissimilis Moreira, 1930, com redescriqao do macho (Labiidae, Dermaptera). [Ill] 7: 1-3, ill. Hop- kins, G. H. E. Notes on mallophagan nomenclature, II. [30] 80: 73-79. Hubbard, C. A. Fleas of western N. Amer. [Iowa State Coll. Press, Ames], ill., 533 pp. Judd, W. W. -(See under Anatomy) (Trichoptera). Sakimura, K. Thrips in relation to gall-forming and plant disease transmission: a review. [66] 13: 59-95. Westfall, M. J., Jr. A new Macromia from North Carolina. [38] 63 : 32-36. ill. (k*). ORTHOPTERA Chopard, L. Orthopteroides de L'Afrique du Nord. [Faune de L'Empire Franqais, La- Rose, Paris] 1: 1-147, ill. (k*). Rehn, J. A. G. The re- moval of the mantid genus Callimantis from the N. Amer. fauna. [65] 49: 163-64. HEMIPTERA Beamer, R. H. Some new species of Delphacodes with two old ones (Fulgoridae). [43 1 20: 58-71, ill. (*). Dean and Chapman (See under Anatomy.) Ferris, G. F. Information concerning the genera Chor- tinaspis and Aspidiotus (Diaspididae). [50]-'ll: 37-49, ill. (k*). Lent e Wygodzinsky. Sobre algumas especies de Zeltirus Hahn (Reduviid). [Ill] 7: 25-55, ill. McKenzie, H. L. Supplementary notes on the genera Aonidiella and Parlatoria (Diaspididae). [50] 11 : 29-36, ill. (k*). Stein- weden, J. B. The identity of certain common American species of Pulvinaria (Coccidae). [50] 11: 1-28, ill. (k*). Usinger, R. L. Notes on Graptostethus in Hawaii (Ly- gaeidae). [66] 13:107-08. Wygodzinsky, P. Novas con- tribuiQoes ao conhecimentos dos Stenolemus das Americas (Emesinae. Reduviid). [Ill] 7: 127-44, ill. (k*). LEPIDOPTERA Clarke, A. H. The interrelation- ships of the several groups within the butterllv superfamily Nymphaloidea. [65] 49: 148-49. Evans, W. H. Hes periana. [65] 49: 162-63. Needham, J. G. A moth larva that lives on fern spores (Heliodinid ). [65 1 49: 165-M*. Swezey, O. H. Elaphria nucicolora. a recent immigrant 162 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '47 to Hawaii (Agrotidae). [66] 13: 99-100; Two new Ha- waiian moths on Chenopodium oahuense. [66] 13: 10304. DIPTERA Abbott, C. E. The eggs of mosquitoes. [100] 25: 98-99. Bonnet, D. D. The distribution of mos- quito breeding by type of container in Honolulu. [66] 13 : 43-49. Buren, W. F. Psorophora pygmaea, an exotic mosquito now established in Florida. [52] 6: 185. Callot, J. (See under Anatomy.) Ciaccio, G. (See under Anat- omy.) Coradetti, A. (See under Anatomy.) Corradetti e Lupascu Studi sull'ipopigio maschile dei Nycteribiidae. [Riv. di Parassit.] 5: 85-100 (1941). Freire e'Faria Cri- aqao e alguns dados sobre a biologia do Anopheles (N.) darlingi. [Ill] 7: 57-66. Hardy, D. E. The genus Lep- topteromyia (Asilidae). [43] 20: 72-75, ill. (*). Nucciotti, L. (See under Anatomy.) Pavan, M. Appunti sui Nyc- teribiidae. [Riv. di Parass.] 5: 100-108 (1941). Pritchard, Seabrook and Provost The possible endemicity of Anophe- les albimanus in Florida. [52] 6: 183-84. Sabrosky, C. W. A new species of the dipterous family Asteiidae from Hawaii. [66] 13: 55-57. Sacca, G. Introduzione allo studio biologico e sistematico del genere Phlebotomus. [Riv. di Parassit.] 5: 53-66 (1941). Seabrook & Duffey- The occurrence of megarhinus rutilus in S.E. Florida. [52] 6: 193-94. Stefanelli, A. Affinita sistematiche dei chirotteri e parassitismo dei Nycteribiidae. Parte I. Gli ospiti. [Riv. di Parassit.] 6: 25"-42 (1942). Stone, A. A new Procecidochares from Eupatorium stems (Tephriti- dae). [66] 13: 97-98. ill. Thornton, D. (See under Anat- omy.) Travis, B. V. (See under Anatomy.) Thompson, G. A. Occurrence of Anopheles atropos in Jamaica. [52] 6: 193. Trembley, H. L. Biological characteristics of laboratory reared Aedes atropalpus. [37] 40: 24450. Vanni, V. (See under Anatomy.) Walton, W. R. Local tabanid unrecovered after 28 years. [65] 49: 168. Whit- tinghill, M. (See under Anatomy.) Wirth, W. W. Notes on the genus Thalassomyia, Shiner, with descrip- tions of two new species (Tendipedidae). [66] 13: 117-39, ill. (k) ; Ephydra gracilis, a recent immigrant fly in Ha- waii (Ephydrid). [66] 13: 141-42. Wirth, W. W. A re- view of the genus Telmatogeton Schiner, with descriptions of 3 new Hawaiian species (Tendipedidae). [66] 13: 143-91, ill. (k). Iviii, '47| ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 163 COLEOPTERA. Barber, H. S Diabrotica and two new genera (Chrysomel.). [65] 49: 151-61, ill. (k). Fisher, W. S. New Cerambycid beetles belonging to the tribe Rhinotragini. [71] 97 (3209): 45-57. Fletcher, F. C The odd beetle. [94] 20: 68-78. Jeannel, R.- Coleopteres carabiques de la region Malgache. [Faune de L'Empire Franqais, LaRose, Paris] 6: 1-372, ill. (k*). Paulian, R. Coleopteres scarabeides de 1'Indochine. [Faune de L'Empire Franc,ais, LaRose, Paris 1945] 3: 1-225, ill. (k*). Swezey, O. H. A new Neoclytarlus from Chenopodium oahuense (Cerambycidae). [66] 13: 101-02. Van Zwaluwenburg, R. H. Some elaterid beetles from Australia and New Guinea. [66] 13: 109-16, ill. (*). Villiers, A. Coleopteres Cerambycides de L'Afrique du Nord (Faune de L'Empire Franqais, LaRose, Paris 1946] 5: 1-52 (k). Zimmermann, E. C. A new Phanerostethus from the New Hebrides (Curculionidae). [66] 13: 193-95, ill. HYMENOPTERA Bailey, N. S. Trichopria tabani- uora in Massachusetts (Diapriidae). [73] 54: 142. Good- land, W. S. L. Ants carrying dead. [28] 83: 103-04, ill. Krombein, K. V. An unnoticed subgeneric name in Bom- bus. [65] 49: 170. Pate, V. S. L. The Pemphilidine wasps of the Caribbees. [83] 73: 1-33, ill. (k*). Salt, R. W. (See under Anatomy.) Simmonds, F. J. The bi- ology of the parasite of Loxostege sticticalis in N. Amer., Bracon vulgaris. [19] 38: 145-55, ill. Townes, H. A Eumenes wasp and six adventive Ichneumonidae new to Hawaii. [66] 13: 105-06. Villee, C. A. (See under Anatomy.) SPECIAL Hemming, F., ed. Opinion 16. The status, under rule (d) in article 30, of a pre-binomial specific name, published prior to 1758, in relation to a generic name pub- lished on, or before, 31st December 1930. [59] 1 : Part 25: 255-304, 1947. Hemming, F., ed. Opinion 181 : On the type of the genus Carcharodus Hubner [1819], and its synonym Spilothyrus Duponchel, 1835 (Class insecta, Or- der Lepidoptera), genera based upon an erroneously deter- mined species. [59] 2: Part 51 ; 589-612, 1947. EXCHANGES This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and, only when necessary those at the top (being longest in) are discontinued. Wanted Papers on Cicindelidae of any part of the world, espe- cially South America and Pacific. R. G. Dahl, 3225 Grand Ave.. Apt. 13, Oakland 10, Cal. Chrysididae Wanted for determination in preparation of revision. Wm. G. Bodenstein, Galesville, Maryland. Coccinelidae Wanted from other localities. Will buy or exchange for misc. So. Cal. coleops. F. W. Furry, 1633 Virginia Ave., Glen- dale 2, Cal. Wanted Ataenius and allied Aphodiinae from all parts of the world, especially Mexico, Central and South America. O. L. Cart- wright, Clemson, S. C. Wanted Reprints and unpublished mss. on biological control of mosquitoes; for preparing annotated bibliographies for publication. J. B. Gerberich, Michigan State College, East Lansing, Mich. Wanted Hesperid genus Megathymus for exchange or purchase. P. S. Remington, 5570 Etzel Ave., St. Louis 12, Missouri. Wanted Psychodidae of North America for revisional purposes. Wm. F. Rapp, Jr., 203 Harker Hall, Urbana, 111. Diptera -Tachinidae-Dexiidae wanted, No. Amer. and exotic. Will collect most orders in exchange or will purchase. P. H. Arnaud, 60 Woodrow St., Redwood City, Calif. Will collect Zoological and entomological specimens in tropical and subtropical parts of Peru. Jose M. Schunke, Pucallpa, Peru. Wanted Diplotaxis; will buy or exchange. E. W. Mange, 307 W. Walnut St., Hanover, Pa. Hymenoptera-Aculeata (except ants and bees) for exchange. Will collect other orders in exchange. N. F. de Andrade, Casal Novo, S. Joao do Estoril, Portugal. Meliponidae Wanted, information on the bionomics, culture, and economic importance of the stingless bees, particularly of the Old World. P. Nogueira Neto, Av Cicade Jardim 170, S. Paulo, Brasil. Wasps (Vespoidea, Sphecoidea, Chrysidoidea) of the world by ex- change or purchase. Will collect other orders in exchange. D. G. Shappirio, 4811 17th St., N.W., Washington 11, D. C. Lepidoptera Large quantities of Plexippus, Colias, Cardui, Vanil- lae wanted for cash or exchange for tropical butterflies. G. Mac- Bean, 710 Miller Rd., Sea Island, Vancouver, B. C. ENTOMOLOGISTS! To serve you is our business. Remember we offer Insect collecting and storing equipment designed by Entomologists for Entomologists. Life Histories accurately and attractively assembled. Specimens from all over the world for the general collector and the specialist. Be sure and write us concerning your problems. We are al- ways glad to send our catalogues and lists. WARD'S NATURAL SCIENCE ESTABLISHMENT, INC. P. O. Box 24, Beechwood Station Rochester 9, N. Y. Important Mosquito Works MOSQUITO ATLAS. Part I. The Nearctic Anopheles, important malarial vectors of the Americas, and Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciata MOSQUITO ATLAS. Part II. The more important malaria vec- tors of the Old World: Europe, Asia, Africa and South Pacific region By Edward S. Ross and H. Radclyffe Roberts Price, 60 cents each (U. S. Currency) with order, postpaid within the United States; 65 cents, foreign. KEYS TO THE ANOPHELINE MOSQUITOES OF THE WORLD With notes on their Identification, Distribution, Biology and Rela- tion to Malaria. By Paul F. Russell, Lloyd E. Rozeboom and Alan Stone Mailed on receipt of price, $2.00 U. S. Currency. Foreign Delivery $2.10. For sale by the American Entomological Society, 1900 Race Street, Philadelphia 3, Pa., U. S. A. RECENT LITERATURE FOR SALE BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1900 RACE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. DIPTERA 1135. Cresson (E. T., Jr.) Synopsis of No. Amer. Ephydridae. III. The tribe Notiphilini of the subfam. Notiphilini (72: 227-240, 1946) $ .35 1136. A systematic annotated arrangement of the gen. and spp. of the Ethiopian Ephydridae. I. The subfam. Psilopinae (72: 241-264, 1946) 60 1134. Knight and Laffoon The oriental spp. of the Aedes (Finlaya) Kochi group (72: 203-225, 3 pis., 1946) 70> THE BIOLOGY AND IDENTIFICATION OF TRYPETID LARVAE By VENIA TARRIS PHILLIPS Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, No. 12, 161 pp., 16 pls. r 1946 This is a comprehensive work describing and figuring the important characteristics of the larvae of forty five species of American fruit flies (Diptera). An indispensible work for economic en- tomologists. It includes a glossary of the terms used in the descriptions; a list of 442 species of the family, with their known hosts; a list of their host plants; and an extensive bibliography. The plates contain 192 exquisitely executed figures. Price $5.00 (postpaid, domestic delivery) U. S. Currency, remittance must accompany order. HYMENOPTERA 1132. Pate (V. S. L.) The generic names of the spider wasps (Psammocharidae olim Pompilidae) and their type spp. (72: 65-137, 1946) 1.80 ORTHOPTERA 1128. Rehn (J. A. G.) One new gen. and six new spp. of Central American and Colombian Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera) (72: 1-26, 2 pis., 1946) COLEOPTERA 1133. Benesh (B.) A systematic revision of the Holarctic gen. Platycerus Geoffrey (72: 139-202, 5 pis., 1946) 1.90 1129. Dillon (L. S. & E. S.) Review of the Onocephalini (Ceram- bicidae) (72: 27-48, 1 pi., 1946) 65 1131. Green (J. W.) A new sp. of Enochrus (Hydrophilidae) (72: 61-64, figs., 1946) 20 1130. Robinson (M.) Studies in the Scarabaeidae III (72: 49-59, 1946) 30 LEPIDOPTERA 1125. Jones (F. M.) Platoeceticus Packard, and a remarkable n. sp. of the genus (Psychidae) (71 : 99-124, 4 pis., 1945) 75 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS JULY 1947 IV - U . O . Vol. LVIII No. 1 CONTENTS Calvert Charles Liebeck 165 Hatch Reflections on the subspecies 168 Rau Swarming of Stelopolybia 170 Johannsen A new species of Hydobaenus 171 Sabrosky Rhodesiella 174 Knull New Elateridae and notes on Eucnemidae 177 White A new species of Taphrocerus 181 Freeman New skipper records 184 Current Entomological Literature 187 PUBLISHED MONTHLY, EXCEPT AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER, BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY PRINCE AND LEMON STS., LANCASTER, PA. AND THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA 3, PA. Subscription, per yearly volume of ten numbers: $3.00 domestic; $3.30 foreign; $3.15 Canada. Entered as second-class matter April 19, 1943, at the post office at Lancaster, Pa., under the Act of March 3, 1879. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage prescribed for in Section 1 Act of October 3.' 1917, authorized January 15, 1921. 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LVIII JULY, 1947 No. 7 Charles Liebeck CHARLES LIEBECK, long a resident of Philadelphia, died there on February 24, 1947, after a short illness, at the age of 83 years. In his younger days and in middle life, he was a diligent and enthusiastic collector of Coleoptera and he built up a fine repre- sentative collection of North American beetles, more than 100,- 000 specimens in a goodly number of species. The collection is notable for the long series of variant forms of the same species. He was an excellent preparator and any sample box of his col- lection showed his delicate handling. He was a skilled mechanic and worked all his life at his trade, that of paper scorer, but devoted his spare time to his collection. About ten years ago he had come to the conclusion that he could not continue the care of his collection and at the same time keep up the necessary work at his trade. Being a man of decision he gave his collection outright to a congenial specialist and fellow worker in the same field, Dr. Henry C. Fall of Tyngsboro, Mas- sachusetts, with whom he had been in frequent correspondence for more than 40 years. On the death of Dr. Fall, on November 14, 1939, with Mr. Liebeck's approval, the entire collection went to the Entomological Department of the Museum of Compara- tive Zoology of Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. After parting with his collection, Mr. Liebeck expressed himself repeatedly as well satisfied with his decision. During the last World War and until more than 80 years of age, he worked in an essential plant full time and much overtime. Mr. Liebeck never married, making his home at 1633 W. Columbia Avenue, later at 2000 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, with his sister, Miss Lena Liebeck, who. with two brothers, sur- vives him. (165) )CT 3 1 1947 166 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July, '47 The following incidents in his life were related in a letter to the \vriter shortly before his death : "We lived in Morrisania, suburb of New York City, for a number of years prior to the Centennial and there is one speci- men or was, in my collection labeled Morrisania, 1874, Phanaeus coruifc.v. I had other insects there. . . . "Our folks came here [to Philadelphia] in 1876 April of the Centennial year. I spent only one day at the Exhibition, Pennsylvania Day, which I believe was on the 26th of Sep- tember, as a Grammar School boy, first division, when, with the aid of a white badge, admission was 25 cents instead of the regulation 50 cents. . . . What interested me most was the Colorado building with its exhibit of animals and birds of that state ; the Army and Navy Building with the turret of a Monitor in front of the entrance . . . the Main Building where the two cases of mounted birds caught my eye ; these I believe belonged to Harvard College. . . . "I made some trips to Atlantic City, a small place at that time, via the narrow gauge railway, Phila. & Reading ; on the first trip I was armed with a round pint bottle partly filled with alcohol and I spent my time along the beach front, collecting such Coleoptera as had somewhere fallen into those streams, which run out into the ocean, and then drifted in. This first trip resulted in a solid pint bottle of beetles, large and small, some of which later proved that some of Dr. Leconte's sup- pressed species not only did occur there but were entirely valid. . . . "Like most people of the south end of the city, I used a gun when it was -taller than I. I also mounted birds, possibly over 300, before I gave these up for the Coleopters. . . . "About this time, I became acquainted with Gfeorge] B. Cresson, who at that time had a small print [ing] shop on 7th Street below Arch. He came into the shop where I was work- ing at that time, wanting some pamphlet cases made to hold folders of the Henshaw Check List of Coleoptera which he was printing. . . . He had his grandfather's, James Riding's, collection of Coleoptera, the Crotch duplicates and a large assort- Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 167 ment of other N forth] Afmerican] duplicates, which I suppose were his grandfather's originally. [He later became the ento- mological curator at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Phila- delphia.] He sent me a card one day: 'I saw Dr. [George H.] Horn last night and if you are willing to pin insects in return for specimens, I think we can give you enough to occupy your leisure moments.' Card is dated 1/5 '86. From that time I became a volunteer worker." KATHARINE F. RICHMOND. To the preceding entertaining account by Mrs. Richmond, sister of Dr. Fall, there may be added a few other data concern- ing Mr. Liebeck. He was born in New York City, October 26, 1863, son of Barbara and Henry Liebeck. His sister writes : "There has been no one else in the family interested in natural history the way we understand it he simply took a fancy to collecting and he eventually made a big thing of it." After coming to Phila- delphia, as he has related above, he became a frequent visitor and worker at the Academy of Natural Sciences. He was elected a member of the Academy in January, 1892, and of the American Entomological Society on June 13, 1892. At the time of his death he was the senior member of the Society, al- though he had not been present at a meeting for many years before his death. He served on the Advisory Committee of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS from January, 1893, to December, 1941, and during my editorship I not infrequently asked and received his opinion on papers on Coleoptera. Dr. P. J. Darlington, Jr., Fall Curator of Coleoptera at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, has written : "Mr. Fall spent the last years of his life rearranging his own general collection of North American coleoptera, and during the rearrangement he incorporated into his own collection whatever he needed from the Liebeck collection." The balance of the Liebeck collection that is, the main part will be incorporated into the Museum's general collection of North American coleoptera. Each speci- men will be labelled with a small label reading, 'Liebeck collec- 168 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Juty* '47 tion.' Liebeck's material, as you probably know, was very rich and beautifully prepared." Mr. Liebeck published very little. We have found a note by him on Ban's scolopacca Ger. in the NEWS for April, 1893 (Vol. IV, no. 4, page 121). He took part in several of the joint meetings and collecting excursions of the entomologists of Philadelphia, Newark, Brook- lyn and New York at Jamesburg, New Jersey, on the Fourth of July in the 1890's. A photograph of one of these groups with the names below, on July 4, 1894, is reproduced as Plate VII of the NEWS, for September, 1894. It shows Mr. Liebeck seated in the first row, to the right, a good likeness. PHILIP P. CALVERT. Reflections on the Subspecies By MELVILLE H. HATCH, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. Species in the biological world, just as in the world of the chemical elements, represent systems of relative dynamic sta- bility. They are separated from one another by discontinuous variation, because of the relative instability of the intermediate states. These discontinuous systems are normally detectable from individual examples, provided the examples are of the proper sex and/or stage of development. Instances to the con- trary should be viewed with suspicion as possibly impugning the validity of the alleged species. During the past half century, it has been discovered that the populations that constitute a species are themselves frequently differentiated in different portions of the species' range. This is the result of one or more mutations occurring in one portion of the range and failing to spread or failing to spread evenly throughout all the populations of the species. Such populations have come to be regarded as geographical races or geographical Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 169 subspecies or subspecies. In practice, subspecies are distin- guished from species by the fact that they occupy contiguous rather than identical areas and intergrade with each other along the lines of their contiguity. A great deal of attention has been given to subspecies in ver- tebrates and, more latterly, in insects. As available specimens have increased in number, their study has become more and more intense, and the sorts of characteristics used for the dis- crimination of subspecies have become more and more obscure. In many cases purely average differences in color, size, and shape are involved in their separation, with the result that sometimes a subspecific character is applicable only to a population and frequently or not at all to an individual. At the same time, as authors have become increasingly fa- miliar with subspecies, they have come to regard them in many instances as the taxonomic units, with species as more or less vaguely definable groups of subspecies. The result is that the basic taxonomic unit becomes recognizable only on the basis of a series of specimens. The object of the present note is to deprecate this tendency to emphasize the subspecies and to suggest that we return to the species as the basic unit. Both species and subspecies are populational concepts, but the species can normally be recog- nized on the basis of a single specimen (of the proper age and/or sex). Every subspecies, on the other hand, at least in certain portions of its range, intergrades with one or more other sub- species, and the assignment of an individual specimen is deter- mined by the general complexion of the population of which it is a member. It thus follows that very nearly indistinguishable specimens may belong to diverse subspecies, depending on the populations from which they come! It follows, further, that no selection of specimens of a subspecies short of an extensive nnsclcctcd series is an adequate representation of it. Merely average examples are obviously inadequate. A selection (or a description) of average, intermediate, and extreme specimens, while more satisfactory, is still not entirely so. Complete ade- quacy is secured only by a series extensive enough (or by a de- 170 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July, '47 scription) that shows the relative frequency of the several vari- ants in the different parts of its range. Moreover, collectors and curators should avoid the almost inevitable tendency to select for preservation unnatural numbers of variant specimens, or, if such specimens are selected, some method should be developed for marking them so that they do not pass as normal members of their respective populations. Such considerations show the hopelessness of the old-fashioned synoptic collection with its two, six, or other definite number of specimens of each form. Species may, with considerable inadequacy, be so exhibited, but subspecies hardly at all. As noted above, the present suggestion is that we return to the species as our basic biological units, and leave the subspecies for differentiation in fine print for recognition by those who happen to have adequate material. Moreover, since only a single subspecies by definition occurs in a single geographical region, a specific determination is sufficient for ecological purposes. A Note on the Swarming of Stelopolybia pallipes var. anceps de Sauss. Early in 1946 I received specimens of this social wasp, Ste- lopolybia pallipes var. anceps, belonging to the Polybiinae, from Mr. H. L. Parker, with his notation that they were migrating along the Tiete River at Itaquaquecetuba (Sao Paulo), Brazil, on Jan. 18, 1946. "They were migrating in large swarm for about twenty minutes, going East at 8 A.M. The day was clear with no wind." The specimens were kindly identified by Dr. Joseph Bequaert, who states that all were females, and recalls that R. von Ihering found that swarms of members of this group do not contain males, and further that there is no differentiated worker caste. PHIL RAU. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 171 A New Species of Hydrobaenus (Chaetocladius) from Connecticut with Notes on related Forms. (Diptera, Chironomidae) By O. A. JOHANNSEN, Ithaca, N. Y. A small collection of midg.es submitted to me for determina- tion by Dr. S. W. Bromley contained two species closely resem- bling each other. One of these, Diplocladlus cultrigcr Kieffer, first described from Europe, was recorded by me from New York about ten years ago on the basis of two reared specimens. The other could not be identified with any described species and therefore is herewith described as new. Although resembling each other in color, size, and other superficial features, D. citl- trigcr differs in having short, but densely pubescent eyes, squama without a fringe of hairs, the hypopygium of the male with disti- styles doubled and the basal lobe on the inner side of the basi- styles long and free. All the specimens of both species were col- lected on a warm late afternoon in March as they were swarming over a stony, springy area in the young oak woods about 100 yards north of the laboratory of the Bartlett Tree Expert Co. in North Stamford. The generic name Hydrobaenus adopted here was first used for a small European midge that recently has been considered by the late Dr. F. W. Edwards of the British Museum as con- gerneric with Orthocladius Van der Wulp and Spaniotoma Philippi. Since the term Hydrobaenus was proposed many years before either of the others it takes precedence. Hydrobaenus (Chaetocladius) stamfordi n. sp. Male. Black, including mouth parts, palpi, antennae, legs, and hypopygium ; the narrow margins of the prescutellar space, a narrow longitudinal line in this space, and between the scutel vittae, the humeri, and very narrow incisions of the abdomen, more or less pollinose, most conspicuous when viewed ob- liquely. Halteres gray to blackish. \Yings hyaline, veins brownish. 172 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July, '47 Eyes bare ; palpi four-segmented ; antennal ratio 2.0 to 2.2, no long hairs at apex of terminal segment, a few curved pre- apical sense bristles. Pronotal median incision present. Wings with microtrichia, visible under magnification of 400 to 500 diameters. Costa only slightly produced, first branch of the radius ends at the level of the tip of the second branch of the cubitus, second branch of the radius ends beyond the mid- distance between the tips of the first and third branches, media ends slightly behind the wing tip, r-m crossvein somewhat ob- lique, cubital fork slightly proximad of the crossvein, anal vein produced far beyond the level of the cubital fork. Lobe of wing large and right angled, the cilia ending slightly distad of the middle of the mesal margin of the lobe. Squama fringed. Hy- popygium (Figure 1) with the distal margin of the very promi- nent inner lobe of the basistyle more or less at right angles to the longitudinal axis ; anal point bare, slender, about half as long as the dististyle. Ratio of fore basitarsus to the tibia 0.65- 0.7 ; fore tarsi not bearded ; empodium well developed, nearly as long as the claws. Length 3.5 mm., wing 3.2 mm. Female. Similar to the male in coloring. Antennae seven segmented, seventh segment slightly less than twice the sixth in length ; sense bristles more than a half longer than the diameter of the segment (Figure 2) ; one whorl of long bristles on each flagellar segment except the last, seventh segment with eight to ten sense bristles, other segments with fewer. Wing venation as with the male; the radius and its branches (except the sec- ond) with a row of small, regularly but sparsely placed bristles. Halteres pale gray. Length 2.5 mm., wing 3 mm. North Stamford, CONNECTICUT. March 1945. Dr. S. W. Bromley, collector. Holotype, allotype, and paratypes in the Cornell University collection ; two paratypes in the collection of the U. S. National Museum. This species resembles the European H. pigra Goetghebuer but differs in the antennal ratio of the male and in having a larger and differently formed inner. lobe of the basistyle of the hypopygium. The North American species most nearly resem- bling it have in common the following characters in the male. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 173 \ Black, usually without yellow markings ; unmarked wings ; pos- terior branch of radius extending beyond the level of tip of anterior branch of the cubitus; r-m crossvein slightly oblique; anal vein ending far beyond the level of the cubital fork; fore leg ratio exceeding 0.6 ; fore tarsi not bearded ; a well developed empodium. The males of species recorded from the eastern states most nearly resembling H. stamfordi may be distinguished by the characters given below. Fig. 1. Hydrobaenus stamfordi, hypopygium of male. Fig. 2. H. stamfordi, seventh antenna! segment of female. Fig. 3. H. nivoriundus, hypopygium of male. 1. Anal point of tergite of hypopygium sparsely long haired . . (2) Anal point bare ; wings with microtrichia visible under a mag- nification of 500 diameters (4) 2. Halteres dark ; fore leg ratio 0.8 ; inner lobe of basistyle slen- der, rounded apically nigritus (Mall.) Halteres pale ; leg ratio 0.75 or less (3) 3. Pronotum and humeri yellow ; wings whitish ; leg ratio 0.75 ; length 2.5 mm lacteipennis ( Mall.) Thorax of male dark (of female with yellow between the thoracic vittae) ; halteres yellow; antennal ratio 2; leg ratio 0.7 to .73; inner lobe of basistyle resembling that of H. nivoriundus but broader at base (as shown in Figure 5a, Edwards, 1929, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, page 3_ )( >) ; 174 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [J u ty> '~^ anal point of last tergite more than half as long as the distyle; length 3 mm obmnratus (Joh.) 4. Anal point of hypopygium small and slender (Figure 3), inner lobe of basistyle thumblike ; antennal ratio 2.5 ; leg ratio 0.75-0.8 nivorinndus (Joh.) Anal point about half as long as dististyle, inner lobe of basi- style very prominent (Figure 1) ; antennal ratio 2-2.2; leg ratio 0.65-0.7 Stamford! n. sp. Rhodesiella: A Genus New to the Western Hemi- sphere (Diptera: Chloropidae) By CURTIS W. SABROSKY, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, Agricultural Research Administration, United States Department of Agriculture The genus Rhodesiella Adams (= Macrostyla Lioy pre- occupied, Meroscinis De Meijere, Aspistyla Duda) is a large and common genus that ranges widely in a number of species throughout Ethiopian and Indo-Australian regions. To date, however, no specimens properly referable to this genus have been recorded from the Western Hemisphere. The South American species that have been so identified belong to a dif- ferent genus. It is therefore of interest to record the occurrence in southeastern United States of a characteristic species of true Rhodesiella and to correct the South American records. \Yhen the first specimens were found, in material collected at Orlando, Fla., it was thought possible that it was a species intro- duced from Africa. Later, two specimens of the same species were collected at Raleigh, N. C., by C. S. Brimley. Detailed comparison with African species shows that the American speci- mens represent an undescribed form. Rhodesiella brimleyi, new species Male, female. Shining black, only the antenna (except for the infuscated apex of the third segment), stalk of the halter, knees narrowly, distal fourth to third of all tibiae, and all tarsi, yellow ; fore tibiae paler than the others and not so distinctly Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 175 marked ; tarsi with a slight suggestion of brown on the distal segment ; frontal triangle typically dark bluish black, occasion- ally without the bluish shine but those specimens in poor condi- tion ; all hairs and bristles black. Head of typical Rhodcsiclla habitus, with bare eyes, linear cheeks, relatively small antennae, unusually long aristae (one and one-half times as long as the front), and long orbital and interfrontal hairs; frontal triangle long, attaining the anterior margin of the front, the apex acute ; epistomal margin slightly produced, in profile the vibrissal angle distinct, approximately a 90 angle. Mesonotum relatively short and broad, its length and width subequal ; scutellum large, its length nearly one and one-fourth times its basal width, and two-thirds as long as the mesonotum ; one pair of long strong apical and one pair of short subapical scutellar bristles, all set on stout enlarged bases. Legs slender, the hind femur only slightly enlarged and with no spines or denticles on the ventral surface ; no "sensory area" on the posterodorsal surface of the hind tibia. \Ying venation virtually the same as figured for Macrostyla pluiniyera (Meigen) by Duda (1933, Chloropidae, in Lindner, Fliegen Palaeark. Region, Lfg. 72, pi. 1, fig. 2), the ultimate section of the fourth vein at its base bent forward slightly more than in plitinigcra; length of costal sectors 2 to 4 as 21 : 28 : 12 ; small cross vein approximately opposite the middle of the discal cell. Length, 2 mm. Holotypc: , Raleigh, NORTH CAROLINA, October 21 (C. S. Brimley). Type No. 58383 in the United States National Mu- seum, deposited through the courtesy of the North Carolina De- partment of Agriculture. Paratypes: 1 $, Raleigh, N. C.. June 9, 1942 (C. S. Brimley) [N. C. Dept. Agr. Collection]; 15 (10 J 1 , 55), Orlando, FLORIDA, November 16, 1937, "from cage over pile of grass in corner of grove" (J. T. Bigham) | L". S. Natl. Mus.]. The species is named in honor of the late C. S. Brimley, versa- tile naturalist and keen observer. 176 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Ju* '47 Rhodcsiclla brimleyi belongs to the tarsalis group (cf. Mai- loch, 1931, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 10, 8: 49-69) and is very close to R. nigrijrons Malloch, described from Southern Rhodesia. The latter is distinguished by having the first and second antennal segments black, apex of the frontal triangle truncate (though not as broadly so as in tarsalis), vibrissal angle weak and scarcely evident, and scutellum shorter than in brim- leyi, its length subequal to its basal width and slightly less than half the length of the mesonotum, appearing more broadly rounded apically. Becker (1912, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungarici 10: 129, 177), in his monograph of the neotropical Chloropidae, placed Onycha- spidium Enderlein (type, 0. sc.vdcntatmn End., from southern Brazil) in synonymy under Mcroscinis. In a more recent re- vision of the neotropical species of the family, Duda (1930, Folia Zool. Hydrobiol., Riga 2: 82-83) accepted this synonymy, referred several other species to -the group, and gave a key to six neotropical species of Mcroscinis. Included among them is longiscutellatus Enderlein, the genotype of Lcptopeltastcs End., which had been made a synonym of Gaura.v by Becker (op. cit., p. 199) but which Duda thus refers to Mcroscinis. In my opinion, the neotropical species form a group quite dis- tinct from the genus Rhodcsiclla. I therefore propose to resur- rect Onychaspidium Enderlein, and I agree with Duda that Lcptopeltastcs is a synonym. The synonymy will be as follows : Onychaspidium Enderlein, 1911, Gesell. f. Naturf. Freumle Sitzber., Jahrgang 1911, No. 4, p. 196. Type, O. sc.vdcn- tatum Enderlein. -Mcroscinis De Meijere of Becker (1912) and Duda (1930), for the Neotropical Region. - Leptopcltastcs Enderlein, 1911, 1. c., p. 229. Type. L. longiscutcllata Enderlein. The major generic characters are the following: Onychaspidium: Ocellar bristles short and weak, cruciate at the tips ; eyes densely short pubescent ; notopleural bristles 1 + 2; scutellum relatively small, thin and flattened, Elachiptera- like ; mesopleuron without hairs ; "sensory area" on the postero- dorsal surface of the hind tibia large and, conspicuous. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 177 Rhodcsiclla: Ocellar bristles well developed, strongly diver- gent ; eyes bare ; notopleural bristles 1 + 1 ; scutellum large and conspicuous, not strongly flattened ; mesopleuron with numerous long hairs ; "sensory area" on the hind tibia minute or absent. It may also be noted that Meroscinis quadridentata Duda (1930, 1. c., p. 83) from Brazil is a synonym of Onychaspidium apicalc (Williston) (Oscinis apicalis Will.) [new synonymy]. I have seen the types of both and have found Duda erred in be- lieving apicalc to be a species with only two apical scutellar tu- bercles, thus fedescribing it as quadridentata. The type of the latter is a female, Petropolis, Brazil, November 11, 1924 (Borg- meier), now in the collection of the Institute Biologico in Sao Paulo, and recently loaned for study through the courtesy of Oscar Monte. A series of 14 specimens, Farm La Caja, Costa Rica, were labeled as types of M. quadridentata in the Zoolo- gisches Museum in Hamburg, Germany, but since only Brazil was originally mentioned by Duda (1930), these specimens can- not be considered part of the type series. New Elateridae with Notes on Eucnemidae (Coleoptera) By J. N. IvNULL, 1 Ohio State University Limonius meridianus n. sp. Male. Form, size and color of L. stigma (Hbst.) ; black, head and pronotum with slight bronze luster, base of elytra and humeral angles reddish brown, tarsi light brown, both surfaces moderately pubescent. Head with front somewhat depressed above clypeus, clypeal margin broadly arcuate ; surface coarsely, densely punctured ; antennae extending less than one segment beyond hind margins of pronotum when laid along side ; scape stout, finely, densely punctate ; second and third segments about equal in length, each longer than wide, together slightly longer than fourth; segments four to ten inclusive longer than wide, serrate ; eleventh oval 1 Contribution from Department of Zoology and Entomology. 178 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July. '47 Pronotum longer than wide, narrower at apex than at base ; sides broadly rounded in front, sinuate behind middle, hind angles obliquely truncate ; disk convex, depressed in front of scutellum, hind angles strongly carinate, surface coarsely, densely punctured, punctures in middle separated by less than their own diameters. Scutellum finely, densely punctate, pubescent. Elytra with sides subparallel, broadly rounded in apical third to suture ; disk convex ; surface with striae coarsely punctured, punctures decreasing in size toward apex, separated by less than their own diameters, interspaces convex, densely, finely punctate. Prosternal sutures grooved in front. Abdomen beneath densely, finely punctate. Length 8.5 mm. ; width 2.4 mm. Female. Antennae extending over one and a half segments beyond middle of pronotum. Holotype: J\ labeled Old Man's Cave, Hocking Co., OHIO, May 17, 1936; allotype, Clifton Gorge, Ohio, May 30; paratype from Clifton, Ohio, June 4. 1940. all collected by D. J. & J. N. Knull and in collection of author. Paratypcs in H. W. Wenzel collection, Ohio State University from Charleroi, Pa., Ehrman and Cranberry, N. C., June 9-19, H. W. Wenzel. This species would run to A. crotch! Horn in Van Dyke's key, 2 however punctures of pronotum are not as coarse in the new species. It has been confused with L. stigma (Hbst.) in our collection. The grooved prosternal sutures will separate it. Limonius pubicollis Lee. Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., 1853: 429. This species appears in Leng's list as a synonym of L. a nrip Ills (Say) from which it differs as follows: reddish brown area at base of elytra more evident, lacking in some anripilis; dorsal surface less shining ; legs darker, same color as ventral surface ; light brown and lighter than ventral surface in auripilis. Cly- peus less deeply emarginate. forming a more obtuse angle along 2 E. C. Van Dyke, 1932, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., vol. 20 : 334. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 179 margin. Elytral intervals more densely punctate, punctures narrowly separated, giving elytra an opaque appearance. Specimens examined are from South Carolina, Georgia, Flor- ida, Texas and Oklahoma. Mr. John Wilcox kindly compared specimens with the Le- Conte type for me. Limonius olentangyi n. sp. Female. Short, rather robust ; shining, black, outer margin of elytra and legs dark brown ; pubescence conspicuous especially on dorsal surface. Head with front coarsely, densely punctured ; clypeal margin broadly arcuate; antennae not extending to hind angles of pro- notum when laid along side, scape stout, second and third seg- ments of equal length, short, together slightly longer than fourth, segments four to ten inclusive longer than wide, serrate, elev- enth longest. Pronotum longer than wide, widest back of middle, wider at base than at apex; sides broadly rounded in front, sinuate at base, side margin visible for its entire length from above; hind angles obliquely truncate; disk convex, median depression in front of scutellum, carinae of hind angles faint; surface finely punctate, punctures separated by more than their own diameters in middle, dense at sides. Scutellum densely finely punctate and pubescent. Elytra with sides subparallel, broadly rounded in apical third to suture ; disk flattened in middle ; surface striate, punctures small, well separated, interspaces finely, triseriately punctate. Prosternal sutures grooved in front. Abdomen beneath finely, densely punctate. Length 8.7 mm. ; width 2.7 mm. Holotypc: J, collected in Delaware Co., On TO, May 30, 1945 by D. J. & J. N. Knull, in collection of author. This species would run to /.. conjnsns Lee. in Van Dykr'- key. It can be distinguished by its black color, short, more robust form, wider and less convex finely punctate pronotum. 180 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July, '47 Ludius robinsoni n. sp. Male. Superficially resembling L. bivittatus (Melsh.) in size, form and color. Color dark brown, apex and base of pronotum, base of elytra and wide stripe down each elytron, yellowish brown ; legs lighter than ventral surface ; moderately pubescent. Head densely coarsely punctured ; antennae extending over three segments beyond hind angles of pronotum, second segment shorter than third, fourth longer than third, segments four to ten inclusive gradually lengthening, eleventh longest. Pronotum much longer than wide, widest at base, constricted at apex ; sides broadly rounded in front, divergent posteriorly, hind angles prolonged, angles obtuse ; disk convex, a slight de- pression each side at base, hind angles faintly carinate ; surface densely, coarsely punctured. Scutellum with sides subparallel, broadly rounded posteriorly. Elytra with sides, subparallel, broadly rounded posteriorly, apices rounded ; disk convex ; surface with rows of coarse, closely placed punctures, diminishing in size toward apex, inter- spaces convex, minutely punctured. Abdomen beneath, densely, finely punctate. Length 9 mm. ; width, 2.3 mm. Holotypc: J, labeled Dallas Co., TEXAS, May 11, 1934, J. Robinson collector. Paratypcs same locality May 10-16. This species is evidently confused with L. bivittatus (Melsh.) in collections. It differs by being slightly shorter, pronotum in greater part dark, lacking median and lateral light stripe ; hind angles less divergent, angles more obtuse, side margin not so well marked, and third segment of antenna being considerably shorter than fourth. It would run to L. bivittatus (Melsh.) in Van Dyke's key. s Isorhipis ruficornis (Say) Larvae were found in sap wood of a barked, partly decayed sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) log in Delaware Co., Ohio, March 2. Adults were ready to emerge April 19. a E. C Van Dyke, 1932, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., vol. 20 : 390. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 181 Deltometopus amoenicornis (Say) and rufipes (Melsh.) Reared from badly decayed American beech (Fagus grand i- jolia Ehrh.) log from Delaware Co., Ohio. The species over- winters in larval stage. Dirhagus pectinatus (Lee.) Reared from badly decayed American beech log from Dela- ware Co., Ohio. Nematodes penetrans (Lee.) Reared from fallen limb of American beech from Delaware Co., Ohio. Adults are capable of snapping into the air. A New Species of Taphrocerus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) By BURDETTE E. WHITE, Merced, California While sweeping a meadow of rushes in northwestern Merced County on April 18, 1946, this writer collected a single female specimen of Taphrocerus. Considerable effort failed to reveal any additional specimens at this time. After reviewing Profes- sor Knull's paper on the Taphrocerus * it became apparent that this specimen belonged to an undescribed species. However, a male was necessary to establish this with certainty. Another trip to the area on April 22, 1946, yielded two more examples, one being a male, whose genitalia proved conclusively that here indeed was a new form. Two more females were collected on April 27 but three trips shortly thereafter produced no additional specimens, so it seemed that this was an early season form. With only five examples in hand, but with the prospect of ob- taining additional material the following year, it appeared de- sirable to postpone publication of this find. Two trips to the same area in early spring (March 23. April 1) of 1947 yielded nothing. However, on April 12, a series of *Knull. J. N. The Ohio Journal of Science, 1944, Vol. XLIV, 2. 90-93. 182 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July, '47 fourteen specimens was collected after two hours of vigorous sweeping. Ten additional examples were obtained the next day and two more on April 19. These records plainly indicate the seasonal range of this species. Although there has been dubious reference to the existence of Taphrocerus in California, the writer believes that these speci- mens represent the first authentic record of that fact. Taphrocerus mercedensis, new species Male: Shining black throughout; three times as long as wide, pronotum at basal angles distinctly wider than elytra ; surface sparsely, feebly pubescent without tendency to form concentrated patches ; elytral apices smooth along the margin. Head convex, front feebly concave vertically due to slight median depression ; surface finely alutaceous with large, shallow punctures separated by a distance equal to their own diameters on the vertex ; punctures more sparse on the front between upper two-thirds of eyes ; front at lower third of eyes more densely punctate and noticeably more pubescent than upper head sur- face ; each puncture normally with a short, appressed hair ; front between lower third of eye slightly depressed. Pronotum two times as wide as long, widest at basal angles, gradually narrowing to apex to become equal to width of head ; depressed across basal third ; surface finely alutaceous with large, shallow punctures moderately dense over basal depression, along sides and across apex ; punctures widely separated on disc ; each puncture with a fine, short, appressed white hair. Scutellum triangular, glabrous, impunctate. Elytra narrower than base of pronotum, sides constricted at basal third narrowly exposing abdominal sclerites along middle third; gradually narrowing from middle to near apex, then sharply rounded to suture; apices even (not serrulate) ; surface rather strongly alutaceous but shining ; with coarse punctures arranged in rows and becoming less coarse posteriorly ; the margin of each puncture somewhat rugose ; each puncture nor- mally with an appressed short, white hair. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 183 Ventral surface alutaceous, shining ; with large, shallow punc- tures ; punctures with an appressed white hair. Length 3.35 mm., width 1.25 mm. Female: Differs from male by having the front area between lower third of eyes very much less pubescent. Strikingly similar in all other aspects. 2 Male genitalia of Taphroccrus mcrccdcnsis. 1. Ventral view. 2. Dorsal view. Holotypc male and allotypc collected two miles east of Cressey, Merced County, CALIFORNIA on April 12, 1947 by Burdette E. "White. Twenty-nine paratypes (thirteen males and sixteen fe- males) collected at the same locality (dates cited above). All specimens were swept from an association of June us bal- ticus Willd. and Carcx densa Bailey (determined by the author) ; the majority of the beetles were from the latter plant but there is no positive evidence that either is the true host. Holotype, allotype, and paratypes are in writer's collection. Paratypes are deposited in the following collections: J. N. Knull ; California Academy of Sciences; American Museum of Natural History; L\ S. National MUM-UUI; J. J. du Bois ; A cad- 184 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS u- '47 emy of Natural Sciences at Philadelphia ; Museum of Compara- tive Zoology at Cambridge ; C. A. Frost ; and William Barr. Taphrocerus mercedensis is readily separable from all other species by the distinctive male genitalia (see accompanying fig- ures). However, it is also quite unique in its smooth elytral apices, its broader thoracic base, and its general form. It is the size of T. Intachucanits Knull but its form and color as well as its vestiture and male genitalia are quite different. The male genitalia are most similar to T. howardi Obenb. So far as the writer is aware, mercedensis is found only in the San Joaquin Valley of California and its present recorded range is extremely narrow. However, later surveys may show its existence over a much wider area. New Skipper Records for the United States By H. A. FREEMAN, Pharr, Texas After three years of collecting in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas the writer has come to the conclusion that many of the species of butterflies that occur in the vicinity of Victoria, Tamps., Mexico, will eventually be found to stray up around Pharr, Texas. Many of these species have been found to be native to this area, while others occur here only as stragglers. During 194445 the beautiful species, Astraptcs jiilgcrator Walsh, was found to be very common and it was not unusual for the author to go out and collect as many as thirty or forty speci- mens in one afternoon. During the past year the writer has been unable to get more than two specimens. The past twelve months have been very dry here and this may account partially for the scarcity of that species. Duj'ing 1946 over a hundred specimens of Lerodea tyrtaeus Ploetz were collected, thus estab- lishing the fact that this species is very definitely native to this part of the state. Some of the other species of skippers that have been recorded from down here have failed to show up since the single specimen of each was caught. Examples of such Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 185 stragglers are Astraptes hopfferi (Ploetz), Astraptcs anaphus (Cramer), Pclllcia bromias G. & S., and Cclaenorrhinus fritz- gaertneri (Bailey). Two of these species are very powerful flyers and could have very easily flown up from Mexico, namely Jiopffcri (Ploetz) and anaphus (Cramer), whereas, although the other two are swift of wing, it is more likely that they emerged from their chrysalides somewhere in this area as the specimens were very fresh when collected. Possibly, later stud- ies of this part of Texas will result in the rinding of more speci- mens of all four species. y Aguna asander form panthius (H.-S.) This form differs from typical asander (Hew.) in the follow- ing way : Asander has a well defined silver stripe on the lower surface of the secondaries, extending from the costal margin nearly to the bottom of the wing ; form panthius has this stripe reduced to a very narrow gray band and the silver is heavily overscaled with purplish-gray scales. Mr. E. L. Bell informed the writer that this form occurred wherever the typical species was found. In the examination of some insects collected by members of the writer's class in entomology at the Pharr-San Juan-Alamo High School, a fresh male specimen of this form was found. It was collected by Richard T. Hall and Belva Jean Norman, Oc- tober 21, 1946, at Pharr, Texas. This is the first record of this form having been collected in the United States. Pellicia costimacula H.-S. This species resembles Pellicia bromias G. & S. in some re- spects but can lie distinguished at once by the absence of sub- apical spots. It is somewhat smaller than bromias and slightly darker. The writer caught a fresh male specimen of this species ten miles south of Pharr, Texas, November 28, 1946. This is the first record of this species having been caught in the United States. 186 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [J ur y> '47 ' Gorgythion begga pyralina (Moschler) There has heen considerable confusion centered around the exact status of bcgga (Prittw.) and pyralina (Mschlr.). Some authors consider the two to be specifically distinct, whereas others consider pyralina to be a form of bcgga. In its extreme southern range. Central America to southern Brazil, pyralina does occur as a form of bcgga, whereas in its more northern range, northern Mexico, pyralina takes on a subspecific status as all of the specimens that the writer has seen from that part of Mexico lack the decided white area around the anal angle on the lower surface of the secondaries that characterizes begga. While collecting with Dr. C. D. Michener, of the American Museum of Natural History, twelve miles south of Pharr, Texas, the writer caught a female specimen of pyralina, on March 31, 1946. This is the first recorded evidence of the genus Gorgythion occurring in the United States. To sum up the seventeen new skippers recorded for the United States published by the writer, the following two divi- sions are made : Species that are native to the Rio Grande Valley of Texas : Astraptcs julgerator (Welsh) * SpatJiilcpia clonius (Cram.) Carrhcnes cancsccns (Feld.) Lcrodca tyrtacus Ploetz Lerodea cdata (Ploetz) Synaptc malitiosa (H.-S.) Species that are strays or else poorly established in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas : Urban us doryssus (Swains.) Urbanus auginus auginulus (G. & S.) Aguna asandcr (Hew.) Aguna asandcr form panthius (H.-S.) Astraptcs anaphus (Cram.) Astraptes hopffcri (Ploetz) Pcllicia bromias G. & S. Pcllicia costiinacnla H.-S. Cclaenorrliinus jritzgaertncri (Bailey) GorgytJiion bcgga pyralina (Mschlr.) Pericharcs phocion dolorcs (Reak.) * First recorded by W. D. Field, Jour, of the Kansas Ent. Soc., vol. 13: April 1940; no. 2, page 57. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 187 Current Entomological Literature COMPILED BY EDWIN T. MOUL, RAYMOND Q. BLISS, CHARLES HODGE IV, MAURICE E. PHILLIPS, JOHN W. H. REHN AND HENRY K. TOWNES, JR. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irre.e- vant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species will be recorded. This list gives references of the current or preceding year unless otherwise noted. Continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installment. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record, Office of Ex- periment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Entomology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. NOTE: The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper ap- peared, as numbered in the List of periodicals and serials published in our January and June issues. The number of the volume, and in some cases, the part, heft, &c. is followed by a colon (:). References to papers containing new forms or names not so stated in titles are followed by (*); if containing keys are followed by fk") : papers pertaining exclusively to Neotropical species, and not so indicated in the title, have the symbol (S). Papers published in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS are not listed. GENERAL Amaral, A. do Xota sobre nomenclatura zoologica. [Papeis Avulsos Dept. Zool. Seer. Agr., S. Paulo] 7: 181-94. Light and Weesner Methods for cul- turing termites. [80] 106: 131-32. Tafall, F. O. Ano- taciones sobre algunos aspectos de la hidrologia Mexicana. [79] 7: 139-65. Ward, Ivor Jesmond (Obituary of). [23] 79: 39. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, MEDICAL Anschau, M. Uber das Verhalten der Larven von Hydrobius fuscipes bei der Nahrungsaufnahme. [Oesterreichische Zool. Zeit- schr.] 1 : 165-69, ill. Beebe, W. Notes on the hercules beetle, Dynastes hercules at Rancho Grande, Venezuela, with special reference to combat behavior. [95] 32: 109- 16, ill. Bettini, S. Sul contenuto proteico di riserva dei corpi grassi delle feminine di Anopheles labranchiae var. atroparvus. [Riv. di Parassit.] 8: 45-52, ill. Birch, L. C. Ability of flour beetles to breed in wheat. [26] 28: 322- 24. Burke, F. Studying mosquitoes. I. [51] 6: 212-18. Davidheiser, B.- Observations on the inheritance of sex in Sciara ocellaris. [58] 47: 89-102. DeBach and Smith- Effects of parasite population density on rate of change of host and parasite populations. [26] 28: 29098. Dethier, V. G. The response of hymenopterous parasites to chemi- cal stimulation of the ovipositor. [41 | 105: 199-208, ill. Dobzhansky, Th. A directional change in the genetic con- stitution of a natural population of Drosophila pseudo- 188 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [J urv > '47 obscura. [Heredity, London and Edinburgh] 1 : 19-52. Dobzhansky and Wright Genetics of natural populations. XV. Rate of diffusion of a mutant gene through a popula- tion of Drosophila pseudoobscura. [Genetics] 32: 303-24. Dolley and Golden The effect of sex and age on the tem- perature at which reversal in reaction to light in Eristalis tenax occurs. [12] 92: 178-86. Dubinin and Tiniakov Natural selection in experiments with population inversions. [Jour. Genetics, London] 48: 11-15. Feldman-Muhsam, B. Resistance of larvae and nymphs of Hyalomma savignyi to various conditions of temperature and humidity. [61] 38: 111-15. Flanders, S. E. Elements of host discovery exemplified by parasitic Hymenoptera. [26] 28: 299309. Fraenkel and Bluett The effect of linoleic acid and ara- chidonic acid on the development of the flour moth, Ephestia kuhniella. [Biochem. Jour.] 41 (2) : xvii. Freeman, T. N. -The external anatomy of the spruce budworm, Choristo- neura fumiferana (Tortri.). [23] 79: 21-31, ill. Frisch, K. v. Die Tanze der Bienen. [Osterreichische Zool. Zeit- schr.] 1 : 1-48, ill. Goetsch, W. Vitamin "T", ein neu- artiger Wirkstoff. [Osterreichische Zool. Zeitschr.] 1 : 49- 57, ill. ; Darm-Symbionten als Eiweissquelle und Vitamin- spender. Ibid. : 58-86, ill. ; Der Einfluss von Vitamin T auf Gestalt und auf Gewohnheiten von Insekten. Ibid. : 193-274, ill. Herms, W. B. Some problems in the use of artificial light in crop protection. [Hilgardia] 17: 359-75, ill. Knowlton, G. F. Boxelder bug "bites" man (Corerd.). [18] 42: 33. Kupka, E. Uber Bremsvorrichtungen an den Laufbeinen der Blattodea. [Oesterreichische Zool. Zeit- schr.] 1: 170-75, .ill. Lawrence, R. F. Some observations on the post-embryonic development of the Natal forest centipede, Cormocephalus multispinus. [Ann. Natal Mus.] 11: 139-56, ill. Michelmore, A. P. G. A popular miscon- ception regarding humidity and the need for closer liaison between meteorologists. [Jour. Ecology] 34: 107-10. Pat- terson, J. T. Studies in the genetics of Drosophila. V. Isolating mechanisms. [Univ. of Texas Publication, Aus- tin] No. 4720: 1-184. Salt and James Low temperat ire as a factor in the mortality of eggs of Mantis religiosa. [23] 79: 33-36. Schaerffenberg, B. Poikilosmotische Landtiere. [Osterreichische Zool. Zeitschr.] 1: 176-78. Scott, T. L. Bee anatomy. Internal. Sect. 4. |51| 6: 217-21. Sein and Adusar Transmission of the bunchy top disease of papaya (Carica papaya) by the leaf hopper Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 189 Empoasa papayae. [80] 106: 130. Simmonds, F. J. The biology of Phytodietus pulcherrimus (Ichneumonid) para- sitic on Loxostege sticticalis in N. America. [61] 38: 150- 56, ill. Tiegs, O. W. The development and affinities of the Pauropoda, based on a study of Pauropus silvaticus. [74] 88: 165-267. Warren, E. On the genital system and gut of the oribatid mite, Cephus tegeocranus, and the re- action of these organs to a ray-fungus parasite. [Ann. Natal Mus.] 11: 1-36, ill. Wene, G. An effect of sub- lethal doses of cryolite on Mexican bean beetle larvae, Epilachna varivestis. [58] 47: 117-18. Whiting, P. W.- Some experiments with Melittobia and other wasps (Chal- cid, Scelionid). [42] 38: 11-20. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA Chamberlin, R. V. -T\vo new species of Trichomorpha from Panama. [63] 60: 63-65, ill. Feldman-Muhsam, B. (See under Anat- omy.) Lawrence, R. F. (See under Anatomy.) Scares e Scares Contribuic,ao ao Estudo das aranhas do Espirito Santo (Arachnida). [Papeis Avulsos Dept. Zool. Sec. Agr., S. Paulo] 7: 51-72, ill.; Um novo conceito do genero Ilhaia (Opiliones, Gonyle'ptidae). Ibid.: 73-78; Novos opilioes de Banhado (Estado do Parana). Ibid.: 101-12; Novos op- ilioes do Estado do Espirito Santo e um novo opiliao do Estado do Para. Ibid.: 195-212; Um novo opiliao do Es- tado de Sao Paulo (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae). Ibid.: 213- 16, ill. ; Uma nova especie de Camarana e alotipo de Eusar- cus mentis (Opil., Gonylep.). Ibid.: 221-26; Um novo genero e duas novas especies de opiloes (Opil., Cosmetid., Gonylep.). Ibid.: 227-32, ill.; Novos opiloes do Estado do Espirito Santo coligidos na fazenda Chaves (Opil., Gony- lep.). Ibid.: 233-42, ill. Scares, H. E. M. Um novo Tomisida brasileiro (Araneae, Thomisidae). [Papeis Avul- sos Dept. Zool. Seer. Agr., S. Paulo] 7: 267-70, ill. Tiegs, O. W. (See under Anatomy.) Warren, E. See under Anatomy.). SMALLER ORDERS Bonet, F. Mas hipogastruridos anoftalmos de Mexico (Collembola). [79] 7: 51-62, ill. (k*). Cesare, C. II genere Paradoxuroecus ea il suo gen- ero-tipo (Mallophaga). [Ill] 7: 247-49, ill. Light 'and Weesner (See under General). Santos, N. D. dos Mi- crothyria borgmeierei n. sp. (Libellulid). [Ill] 7: 215-18. Walker, J. D. List of the Stoneflies (Plecoptera) known to occur in s.e. Ohio. [58] 47 : 134-36. Westfall, M. J., Jr.- new Macromia from North Carolina. [38] 63: 32-36. 190 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Juty, '47 ORTHOPTERA Kupka, E. (See under Anatomy.) Liebermann, Jose Sobre una colleccion de Acridoideos Brasileiios del Institute Oswaldo Cruz. [Ill] 7: 165-71. Salt and James (See under Anatomy.). HEMIPTERA Carvahlo, J. C. M. Dois generos de Isometopidae da fauna neotropica. [Ill] 7: 255-60, ill. DeLong and Hershberger The genus Exitianus in N. America incl. Mexico (Cicadellid). [58] 47: 107-16. Es- selbaugh, C. O. Some notes on the biology of Hymenarcys aequalis (Pentatom.). [18] 42: 25-30. Knowlton, G. F.- (See under Anatomy.) Sein and Adusar (See under Anat- omy.) LEPIDOPTERA Bohart, R. M. Sod webworms and other lawn pests in California (Pyralid). [Hilgardia] 17: 267-308. Clarke, J. F. G. New North American Species and new assignments in the genus Chionodes (Gelechiidae). [48] 37: 243-54 (ill.). Fra^enkel and Bluett (See under Anatomy.) Freeman, T. N. A new generic assignment for Anchips fumiferana, the spruce budworm (Tortric.). [23] 79: 21. (See also under Anatomy.) Hayward, K. J. Hesperiidae capturados em Porto Cabral duranta uma segunda excursao a margem paulista do Rio Parana. [Papeis Avulsos Dept. Zool. Seer. Agr., S. Paulo] 7: 129- 42. Herms, W. B. (See under Anatomy.) McDunnough, J. The agrotid genus Agrotiphila and its genotype. [23] 79 : 3839. Travossos, L. Contribuiqao ao conhecimento dos Arctiidae. XII. Genero Isia Walker 1856. [Ill] 7: 181-94, ill. Travassos Filho, L. Notas de Nomenclatura. I. Estado atual dos generos Methysia e Metamya, novo nome para Paramva (Ctenuchid). [Papeis Avulsos Dept. Zool. Seer. Agr., S. Paulo] 7: 257-66. Wind and Clench New Indo-Australian Lycaenidae. [18] 42: 1-16. DIPTERA Alexander, C. P. New or little known Tipu- Hdae from Sao Paulo, Brasil. [Papeis Avulsos Dept. Zool. Seer. Agr., S. Paulo] 7: 1-43, ill. Alexander, C. P. New species of Ptychopteridae. III. [18] 42: 19-24. Carrera, M. Duas novas especies de Cyrtidae do Brasil. [Papeis Avulsos Dept. Zool. Seer. Agr., S. Paulo] 7: 79-86, ill.; Pequenas notas sSbre Asilidae. III. Redescriqao de Dis- smeryngodes anticu e dercriqao do alotipo de Othoniomyia triangularis (Laphriinae). Ibid.: 93-100, ill.; Sobre algu- mas especies do genero Atoniomyia Hermann, 1912 (Asilid). Ibid.: 113-28, ill.; Sobre o genero Cerozodvis (Asilid). Ibid.: 7: 247-56, ill. Bettini, S. (See under Anatomy.) Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 191 Davidheiser, B. (See under Anatomy.) Dobzhansky, Th. -(See under Anatomy.) Dolley and Golden (See under Anatomy.) Knight, K. L. A new species of Aedes (Chris- tophersiomyia) from the Philippines. [63] 60: 73-76, ill. (k). Michener, C. D. Mosquitoes of a limited area in southern Mississippi. [1] 37: 325-74. Patterson, J. T.- (See under Anatomy.) Phillip, C. B. A catalogue of the blood-sucking fly family Tabanidae. [1] 37: 257-324. Pritchard, A. E. North American gall midges of the tribe Micromyini ; Itonididae (Cecidomyiid). [27] 27: 1-86 (k*). Sacca, G. Revisione dei Phlebotomus della col- lezione Rondani : Un punto fermo sulla questione del P. minutus. [Riv. di Parassit.] 8: 53-62, ill. Shewell, G. E.- A male of Diachlorus ferrugatus (Taban.). [23] 79: 32. Steyskal, G. Notes on the genus Dolichopus. Paper 3. [18] 42: 3438. Diostracus prasinus in Tennessee (Doli- chopod.). Ibid. p. 16. COLEOPTERA Anschau, M. (See under Anatomy.) Araujo, R. L. Notas sobre o genero Tiphaura e descriqao de uma nova especie (Cure., Erirrhin.). [Papeis Avulsos Dept. Zool. Seer. Agr., S. Paulo] 7: 87-92. Barber, H. S. A new Schematiza on Cordia in Trinidad (Chrysomcli- dae). [48] 37: 242-43 (*). Barr, W. F. A new sp. of Cymatodera from California and Oregon (Clerid). [18] 42: 17-18. Birch, L. S. (See under Anatomy.) Beebe, W. (See under Anatomy.) Frost, C. A. Octhephilum fracticorne (Staph.). [18] 42: 18. Lane, F. Sobre os tipos e a sinonimia de alguns Canthonini (Scarab). [Pa- peis Avulsos Dept. Zool. Seer. Agr., S. Paulo] 1 : 171-79. Navajas, E. Os genotipos de fam. Fulcidacidae (Chryso- mel.). [Papeis Avulsos Dept. Zool. Seer. Agr., S. Paulo] 7 : 243-45. Parker, F. H. A new Paratyndaris from Ari- zona (Buprest.). [18] 42: 31-33. Strand, H. Nord- norges Coleoptera. [Troms0 Mus. Arshefter, Naturhistor- isk Avd. Nr. 34] 67 (1944) nr. 1: 1-629. Wene, G. (See under Anatomy.). HYMENOPTERA Araujo, R. L. Angiopolybia nom. n. para o conceito revalidado de Stelopolybia Ducke, 1914 (Vespidae). [Papeis Avulsos Dept. Zool. Seer. Agr., S. Paulo] 7: 165-70. Dethier, V. G. See under Anatomy.) Flanders, S. E. (See under Anatomy.) Frisch, K. v. (See under Anatomy. ) Simmonds, F. j. (See under Anat- omy.) Smith, M. R. A generic and subgeneric synopsis of the United States ants, based on the workers. [1] 37: 521-647, ill. Whiting, P. W. (See under Anatomy.). EXCHANGES This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for advertisements of goods for sale or services rendered. Notices not exceeding three lines free to subscribers. These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new ones are added at the end of the column, and, only when necessary those at tht top (being longest in) are discontinued. 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CONTENTS Chermock The Euptychia pyracmon group 193 Personal 204 Alexander Western crane-flies, Part VIII 205 Knull New Hippomelas and other Buprestids 210 Enns Corrodopsylla hamiltoni on shrews 212 La Rivers Synonymy in Coniontellus 213 Review Plant Diseases 214 Entomological Literature 215 PUBLISHED MONTHLY, EXCEPT AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER. BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY PRINCE AND LEMON STS., LANCASTER, PA. AND THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA 3, PA. Subscription, per yearly volume of ten numbers: $3.00 domestic; $3.30 foreign; $3.15 Canada. Entered as second-class matter April 19, 1943, at the post office at Lancaster, Pa., under the Act of March 3, 1879. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage prescribed for in Section 1, Act of October 3. 1917, authorized January 15, 1921. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS is published monthly, excepting August and September, by The American Entomological Society at 1900 Race Street, Philadelphia 3, Pa., U. S. A. 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See bottom of this page. The Editor requests that authors state the number of separates desired in a letter accompanying their manu- script. SEPARATES of articles without covers, without extraneous matter, will be furnished by the printer at the following prices: 1-4 pages, 25 copies, $2.75; 50 copies, $2.75; 100 copies, $3.30. 5-8 pages, 25 copies, $4.40; 50 copies, $4.40; 100 copies. $5.23. 9-12 pages; 25 copies, $6.88; 50 copies, $6.88; 100 copies, $7.98. Covers: first 50, $3.03; additionals at .022 cent- each. Plates, printed on one side: first 50, $2.20; additional at .0165 cents each. Transportation charges will be extra. THE LANCASTER PRESS, INC., Lancaster, Pa. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOL. LYIII OCTOBER, 1947 No. 8 A Revisional Study of the Euptychia pyracmon Group By RALPH L. CHERMOCK, Ithaca, N. Y. Doctor Nabokov, in 1942, 1 published the results of his studies of Neonympha hcnshawi and its relatives in the United States. In studying this work, I became interested in the suggested clas- sification and tried to correlate his findings with the Mexican and Central American members of the group and to corroborate and supplement his data on the distribution of those species found in the United States. This study was facilitated by the cooperation of Dr. Walter Sweadner of the Carnegie Museum, who kindly permitted me to study its extensive series ; Dr. C. D. Michener, who loaned me material from the collection of the American Museum of Natural History; Mr. William D. Field, who loaned me specimens of Central American species from the collection of the U. S. National Museum; Mr. F. H. Chermock, whose collection was helpful in providing additional data on distribution; Mr. Don. B. Stallings, who kindly furnished me with paratypes of Euptychia gemma jrccmani and its form in- ductnra; Mr. Louis Schellbach, who sent me topotypes of Eup- tychia dorothca dorothea; Mrs. R. L. Chermock, who collected extensive series in southeastern Arizona for study; and Dr. W. T. M. Forbes of Cornell University, whose suggestions proved to be most valuable and helpful. To all of these, I offer my sincerest thanks. The genera Xconympha, Alcc/isto, and Euptychia were erected by HiibmT simultaneously in 1818, in his "Verzeichniss bekann- ter Schmettlinge," the latter having "page priority." Cissia Doubleday, 1848, has also occasionally been used as applying to members of this group. Felcler described the genus Cyllopsis 1 Psyche, vol. XLIX, nos. 3-4. (193) 194 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct., '47 in 1869, in Verb. Zool.-Bot. Gesellsch. Wien, vol. 19, p. 474, the genotype being C. hcdemanni Felder, 1869, by monotypy. After studying tbe genotypes of these five genera, I feel that they all represent one genus, since they are extremely similar morphologically. The oldest available name is Euptychia Hiib- ner, 1818 and should be applied to this genus. On the basis of genitalic structures and maculation, this genus can be further divided into two groups. The first group which includes the genotypes of Euptychia, Megisto, Neonympha, and Cissia is easily separated from the other which includes the genotype of Cyllopsis and the other species considered in this paper. Conse- quently I will refer to these species as belonging to the genus Euptychia, and subgenus Cyllopsis. Whether the remainder of this genus constitutes a single subgenus or not, I leave to future workers. However, the name Neonympha, which has often been applied to pyracmon, henshaun, etc. by other authors, is incorrect ; and the name would more appropriately be consid- ered as a synonym of Euptychia. I have also studied the genotype of Taygctis Hiibner, 1816, which is mermeria Cramer 1779, along with related species; and I am inclined to include this genus also in Euptychia, although it may constitute another distinct subgenus. The genitalia are very similar to those of Euptychia hcrsc, and the maculation is such that it substantiates the opinion. Subgenus Cyllopsis, Felder The upper side of both sexes has a general brown ground color, frequently with a reddish suffusion, which changes to yellow in philodicc. Two black marginal spots are usually present on the secondaries, one between M. 1 and M.,, the other between M 2 and M s . In some specimens, only one spot is present, that between M 2 and M 3 ; while in other specimens, an additional spot is found between M 3 and Cu t . These marginal spots are not found in any other Euptychias. The males of many of the species have an androconial patch extending from the inner margin of the primaries to the end of the cell. On the lower surface, the primaries are crossed by four dark transverse lines (see figure 2) : the first discal passing through the cell ; the Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 195 second discal passing around the end of the cell ; a submarginal band distal to this ; and a marginal band along the outer margin. On the secondaries, these bands still persist but are usually less well defined ; and the submarginal band is heavily marked with silver. The marginal spots of the upper surface are ocellate on the lower surface, often pupilled or surrounded with silver. In many species, these spots are bordered basally by a blue-white patch traversed by fine striae. This maculation may be desig- nated as a marginal patch and does not occur in other Eup- tychias. The male genitalia of Cyllopsis (see figures 3-11) are basically similar to those of the other Euptychias with the excep- tion of the structure of the socii. In Cyllopsis, the socii are short, unarticulated, and curved concavely upward. In all other Euptychias (see figures 1 and 12) and Taygetis studied, which included the various genotypes, the socii are articulated at the base; the tips are strongly directed upwards, often extending dorsad to the uncus, and are either straight or reversely curved. The distinctive genitalic characters coupled with the basic pat- tern differences are the most diagnostic features of this subgenus. In contrast to the studies of Dr. Nabokov, my observations have convinced me that the names he listed constitute only two species. In addition, I include several species not considered in Nabokov's paper, in the subgenus Cyllopsis, and will discuss my conclusions in the following pages. Euptychia pyracmon Butler, was described from Oaxaca, Mexico, and, on the basis of specimens examined and records in Godman and Salvin, ranges from Chiriqui, Panama, north to southern Mexico. A specimen examined from Guatemala, col- lected by Schaus and now in the Carnegie Museum, agrees very well with Godman and Salvin's figure of typical pyracmon on Plate 107, figures 11 and 12, and is used as a basis for com- parison. Nabokov recorded pyracmon from Palmerlee, Cochise Co., Arizona; Globe, Gila Co., Ariz.; and Paradise, Ariz. The author lias, in his collection, a specimen from Palmerlee which agrees perfectly with Nabokov's description and comes from the same locality as the plesiotype of that species in the American Museum. On the upper side, it -differs from the Guatemalan specimen by having smaller, less accentuated, paired marginal 196 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct., '47 spots on the secondaries. On the lower surface, the basic pat- tern is identical in color and shape of markings, although the transverse bands of the Guatemalan specimen are much more heavily accentuated and broader. The Guatemalan specimen agrees with the original description of pyracmon, comes from an area nearer the type locality, and I consider it as being more typical than the Arizona specimens. Euptychia hilaria de- scribed by Godman and Salvin is a synonym of pyracmon as far as I can determine from the original description. E. pyracmon is a polytypic species, the typical form being found in the 'area cited above, while henshawi (Edwards) repre- sents the northern subspecies found in southern Arizona and extending south into Sonora. The basic patterns of the two are similar, with henshawi tending to have more red on the upper surface and less intense transverse bands on the under- side. The genitalia of pyracmon and henshcewi (see figure 3) are identical save that the uncus of the latter is proportionally slightly longer. The pyracmon of Nabokov is nothing more than a color form of p. henshawi within the limits of the range of variation of that subspecies. Euptychia pephredo Godman and Salvin, is found in southern Mexico and Guatemala; and specimens from the latter country were used for comparison. Although this species ex- hibits certain characters similar to pyracmon, to which it is un- doubtedly closely related, it can readily be distinguished by the characters given in the key. The male genitalia of pephredo (see figure 5) have a much shorter valve and uncus. The dis- tributions of the two species overlap, but each species apparently remains distinct with no interbreeding. E. dorothea. Nabokov distinguished another species be- longing to this group which he named dorothea, and the evi- dence I have substantiates his findings. Maniola, however, which he described as a distinct species, is only a subspecies of dorothea. Biologically, dorothea is distinct from Jienshazvi al- though their ranges overlap. The latter is definitely double- brooded in Arizona, one brood occurring in June and the other in late August and early September. Intensive collecting by Mrs. R. L. Chermock in the areas where both species were Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 197 flying together in June, yielded large series of hcnshawi but no dorothca in the fall. On the basis of maculation, the two may also be separated by the characters mentioned in the key. The genitalia of dorothca, maniola, cdwardsi (see figure 4), and avicula are all identical. I have in my collection topotypical material of all of the sub- species of dorothea described by Nabokov. Dorothca came from Grand Canyon, Arizona; cdwardsi from Gila Co., Ariz.; avicula from Fort Davis, Texas ; 2 and maniola from the Chi- ricahua Mts., Ariz. Maniola is the most distinctive member of this polytypic species and represents the subspecies found in the Chiricahua, Santa Rita, and Baboquivari ranges of south- eastern Arizona. However, the characters given by Nabokov to separate the remaining subspecies vary tremendously and can be found in any population throughout the range of distri- bution. Although there exist certain trends in these variations, they are insufficiently limited to any geographical area to merit subspecific designation. For this reason, I believe it wiser to consider them as synonyms. The intensity of the transverse markings on the underside of the wings and the extent of the red suffusion on the upper side vary in all populations, and no constant diagnostic features can be found. Maniola, however, is relatively constant and can be recognized by the characters given in the key. Nabokov also emphasized in his work the importance of the distribution of the androconial patches in the male. This char- acter, as in many Satyrids, is subject to great variation; and the stress which was placed on their distribution in separating henshawi, pyracmon, maniola, and dorothca was found to be unjustified. The most reliable character, I found, for species determination was the male genitalic structures, coupled with the actual basic pattern, not color or intensity. Euptychia gemma Hiibner, is also a member of this sub- genus, exhibiting the same basic pattern of maculation and geni- talic structure (see figure 6). However, its diagnostic specific - Wind in Pan. Pac. Ent. redescribed this subspecies naming it tc.rana from the same locality, thus automatically making it a synonym. 198 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct., '47 characters given in the key make it easy to recognize. It ranges throughout southeastern United States into Texas. In the tropical belt around Brownsville and Pharr, Texas, it occurs as the subspecies jrcemani Stallings and Turner, extending south along the coast into Mexico. The genitalia of freemani and gemma are identical, but the characters of maculation and color are sufficient to separate them. Freemani represents the winter brood, but Stallings and Turner also separated the sum- mer brood giving it the form name inductura. As- 1 feel that variation within a population, whether it be due to environ- mental influences or the expression of slight genie differences, does not deserve recognition in our nomenclatural system, I am considering it as a synonym. This summer brood is extremely close to typical gemma in its general characters, although the brighter ground color of the wings, along with the slightly heavier transverse bands, can be 1 used to distinguish it. The typical winter form is more easily recognized, having dark, broad, transverse bands and a yellowish suffusion on the lower surfaces. It is advisable to mention here two specimens which I have had the privilege of examining, each representing an undescribed species. Although I believe it is usually inadvisable to base descriptions on single specimens, I feel that these have suffi- ciently diagnostic characters to justify their being named. Euptychia (Cyllopsis) nayarit, new species Length of wing measured from base to the apex of the pri- maries, 177 mm. In general, the appearance, color, and macu- lation of the upper surface, similar to gemma, but possessing a well defined androconial patch on the primaries. Lower sur- face of secondaries : the metallic markings are reduced ; the sec- ond discal band is heavily margined distally with bright yellow- orange ; this same color is found on the submarginal band between M 3 and Cu 15 and on the marginal band; the marginal patch is smaller than in gemma, extending only halfway to the second discal band as in maniola. The genitalia have a short, straight uncus ; and the valves have a distinct process on the lower portion of the tip (see figure 10), not found in any other Iviii, '47J ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 199 EXPLANATION OF FIGURES 1. Eitptychia (Euptychia} heriucs, Venezuela, R. Chermock Collection. 2. Diagrammatic drawing of lower surface of E. pephrcdo: a, first discal band ; b, second discal band ; c, submarginal band ; d. marginal band ; e, marginal patch. 3. E. pyracmon hcnshazvi, Santa Rita Mts., Ariz., R. Chermock Col. 4. E. dorothca dorothca, Globe, Ariz., R. Chermock Col. 5. E. pephrcdo, Guatemala, Carnegie Museum Col. 6. E. gemma, Crail- hope, Ky., R. Chermock Col. 7. E. rogersi, Los Bajos, C. R., U. S. Nat. Mus. Col. 8. E. argentclla, Mt. Poas, C. R., U. S. Nat. Mus. Col. 9. E. philodicc, Turrialba, C. R., U. S. Nat. Mus. Col. 10. E. nayarit, Type, Cornell Col. 11. E. pscudopcphrcdo, Type, Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. Col. 12. E. hcrse, Brazil, Cornell Col. 200 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct., '47 members of Cyllopsis. Apparently, this species is between gemma and pephredo. Type: Male, Compostela, Nayarit, MEXICO, Oct. 30, 1942. Cornell University Collection. Euptychia (Cyllopsis) pseudopephredo, new species Length of fore wing, 17 mm. General ground color of upper surface same as in gemma., and also lacking the androconial patch on the primaries. The hind wings, however, are slightly more angulate, suggestive of pephredo. The ground color of the lower surface is yellowish-tan, traversed by short, heavy, dark striae. The transverse bands are well defined. -Lower surface of secondaries : the marginal patch is reduced as in pephredo; the second discal band is slightly margined distally with yellow. The male genitalia are distinct (see figure 11), the valves being relatively broad and terminated by a bluntly upturned tip. This species is fairly closely related to pephredo although the genitalia seem to indicate specific distinction. Type: Male, S. Angel, D. F. MEXICO, June 1910 (C. C. Hoffmann), collection of the American Museum of Natural History, New York City. Euptychia hedemanni, of which I have two specimens before me from the U. S. National Museum, ranges from south- ern Mexico to Guatemala and Costa Rica. It is the largest member of this subgenus, wing length 22-26 mm. The pri- maries tend to be falcate, the secondaries angled, with a some- what crenulate margin. Other characters which can be used to identify the species are given in the key. Although somewhat modified in appearance from the majority of the members of this subgenus, its genitalic characters, coupled with its basic maculation, indicate its close relationship. Mr. Field of the U. S. National Museum was also kind enough to lend me speci- mens of rogersi, argentclla, and philodice from Costa Rica, all of which belong to Cyllopsis; and their distinctive characters are also outlined in the key. Their genitalia are represented in figures 7 to 9. I have been unable to obtain specimens of Euptychia nelsoni or E. clinas for study. However, there is no question in my Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 201 mind that they are also referable to Cyllopsis, and the characters included in the key are based on Godman and Salvin's illustra- tions of the types. It appears that clinas, which comes from Guerrero, Mexico, is more closely related to hedemanni; nelsoni, which was described from Cerro de Zunil, Guatemala, is prob- ably a subspecies of philodice. KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF CYLLOPSIS * Marginal patch on loivcr surface of secondaries incomplete: the ocelli are not divided; no patch basal to tlie ocelli con- trasting with the ground color of the wing. 1. Apex of primaries angulate, outer margin strongly concave. Average length of forewing measured from base to apex usually greater than 221/2 mm 2 Apex of primaries never angulate, outer margin either straight or convex ; length of forewing less than 22 mm 3 2. Cu : of hindwing elongated into a short broad tail ; a single marginal eyespot between M 3 and Cu : on both surfaces of secondaries. Upper surface : mouse brown, with second discal band pinkish. Lower surface : first and second discal bands straight ; area between base of wing and first discal, and also between discal and submarginal bands, lighter and yellowish in color hedemanni Outer margin of hind wing round, slightly crenulate ; anal angle elongated into a broad point ; 2-3 marginal dark spots on upper side of secondaries. Lower surface of secon- daries : 2 well developed marginal ocelli between M 2 and AL, M 3 and Cu 1 ; first and second discal bands irregularly jagged ; area between second discal and submarginal bands pale in color t . clinas 3. Upper surface : 1 black marginal spot between M 2 and M 3 , occasionally a smaller one between M t and M 2 ; color, mouse-brown. Lower surface of secondaries : a single well developed ocellus between M 2 and M 3 ; occasionally a rudi- mentary one between M l and M 2 ; silver band incomplete rogersi Two subequal marginal spots on both surfaces between M 2 and M,, and M, and Cu 1; sometimes very reduced in the females 4 4. Lower surface of secondaries : a broad, straight, yellow-white band, 2 mm. in width, distal to second discal band; mar- ginal ocelli of female reduced; silver submarginal band broken . . 5 202 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct., '47 No broad yellow band on secondaries ; marginal eyespots of female not markedly reduced 6 5. Bright yellow markings on upper side of secondaries distal to the second discal band. Lower surface of primaries : area between second discal and submarginal bands heavily tinged with yellow-white philodice philodice No bright yellow markings on upper surface. No yellow- white between second discal and submarginal bands on lower surface of primaries philodice nelsoni **Marginal patch on lower surface of secondaries well developed consisting of two marginal eyespots, each in turn bisected, lying between M 2 and M 3 , and M 3 and Cu l ; bordered basally by a pale colored patch, often bluish, and traversed by fine striae. 6. Lower surface of secondaries : second discal band bordered distally by irregular, dentate, orange-yellow markings ; the submarginal band bordered basally by similar markings . . 7 Second discal and submarginal bands not bordered with orange-yellow, marginal patch, bluish white 9 7. Outer margin of primaries straight ; outer margin of sec- ondaries straight from Sc to M a , giving them an angulate shape. Lower surface of primaries : second discal band straight and parallel to outer margin, curving abruptly basad to meet the costal margin ; submarginal band well developed, the central portion bowed away from the outer margin. Male with an androconial patch ; genitalia as in figure 5. Wings brownish-gray above pcphrcdo Outer margin of primaries convex ; secondaries very weakly angulate. Lower surface of primaries : second discal and submarginal bands parallel, usually very weakly developed. Wings delicate ; mouse-gray above 8 8. Male with an androconial patch, genitalia as in figure 10. Lower surface : cross bands narrow, reddish in color ; wings brownish with very few dark striations nayarit Male without androconial patch, genitalia as in figure 11. Cross bands broad, though incomplete, brown in color. Ground color of lower surface yellow-tan, traversed by numerous heavy striae pseudopephrcdo 9. No androconial patch in male ; wings on upper surface ho- mogeneous gray or gray-brown ; body and wings delicate ; genitalia as in figure 6; length of primaries in males, 1517 mm. ; in females, 17-20 mm 10 Male with an androconial patch ; w r ings on upper surface of a brownish-gray color, with some red suffusion on both surfaces. Transverse bands on lower surface usually with Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 203 brick-red suffusion. Length of primaries in males, 18-22 mm. ; in females, 18-25 mm 11 10. Ground color on upper surface brownish-gray, lower sur- face also brownish-gray, sometimes suffused with yellow- ish ; transverse bands frequently heavy and complete gemma jreemani Ground color on both surfaces grayish, rarely having a brown- ish cast on lower surface ; transverse bands usually weakly developed gemma gemma 11. The second discal band of the lower surface of secondaries straight, outwardly toothed, extending to the costal margin where it connects with the second discal of the primaries. The valves of the male genitalia terminate in a point as in figure 3 12 The second discal band on the lower surface of secondaries ir- regularly curved away from the outer margin and extending to the costa where it appears to meet the submarginal band of the primaries. The valves of the male genitalia termi- nating in a dorsally turned hook as in figure 4 13 12. Transverse bands on lower surface of primaries well de- fined, brownish in color. Upper surface : male ground color more or less homogeneous brown with only a slight suffusion of red pyracmon pyracmon Transverse bands on under side of primaries reddish ; the first and second discal thin; subcostal almost obsolescent con- sisting of a row of small, thin, disconnected spots. Both sexes usually suffused with red on the upper surface pyracmon henshawi 13. The marginal patch basal to the ocelli on lower surface of secondaries is bright gray, traversed by regular dark striae, and extends to or almost to the second discal band dorothea dorotliea The marginal patch of the underside of secondaries extends only halfway to the second discal band, with very little gray, but more of the ground color invading the area, and is traversed only by a few irregular dark striae dorotliea maniola CHECKLIST OF SUBGENUS CYLLOPSIS Genus Euptychla Hiibner, 1818, Ver. Bekannt. Schmett., page 54. Genotype: Papilla herse Cramer. 1775. Subgenus Cyllopsls Felder, 1869, Verb. Zool.-Hot. Gesellsch. \Yien~ vol. 19, p. 474. Genotype: C \llopsls hedemanni Felder, 1869. 204 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct., '47 gemma gemma (Hiibner) Zutr. Ex. Schmett., 1818, f. 7, 8. gemma freemani (Stallings & Turner) 1946, Can. Ent., vol. 78, p. 136. Synonym as form inductura (Stallings & Turner) ibid. dorothea dorothea (Nabokov) 1942, Psyche, vol. 49, p. 64. Synonym edwardsi (Nabokov) ibid. p. 66. Synonym avicula- (Nabokov) ibid. p. 67. Synonym texana (Wind) 1946, Pan. Pac. Ent., vol. 22, p. 27. " dorothea maniola (Nabokov) 1942, Psyche, vol. 49, p. 68. pephredo Godman & Salvin, 1882-1902, Biol. Cent. Am., Ins. Lep., vol. 2, p. 657. pseudopephredo R. Chermock, in this paper. nayarit R. Chermock, in this paper. pyracmon pyracmon (Butler) 1866, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 499. Synonym hilaria Godman & Salvin, Biol. Cent. Am., Ins. Lep., vol. 2, p. 658. pyracmon henshawi (Edwards) 1876, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., vol. 2, p. 658. hedemanni Felder, 1869, Verh. k.k. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, p. 474. Synonym ithama Butler, Lep. Ex., p. 9. Synonym vetones Godman & Salvin, 1878, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 265. clinas Godman & Salvin, 1889, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, p. 352. rogersi Godman & Salvin, 1878, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 265. argcntella Butler & Druce, Cist. Ent., vol. 1, p. 98. philodice philodice Godman & Salvin, 1878, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 264. philodice nclsoni Godman & Salvin, Biol. Centr. Amer., p. 91. Personal Mrs. Ethel Melsheimer Miller, librarian for the Depart- ment of Entomology at the Ohio State University, has retired from active service but is planning a cumulative index of the Ohio Journal of Science and its predecessor, the Ohio Natural- ist. Mrs. Miller is a great, great granddaughter of Frederick Valentine Melsheimer, one of America's entomological pioneers. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 205 Undescribed Species of Crane-Flies from the Western United States and Canada (Dipt. : Tipulidae) . Part VIII By CHARLES P. ALEXANDER, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts The preceding part under this title was published in ENTO- MOLOGICAL NEWS, 58: 61-67. Most of the species discussed herewith were taken by me in California and the types are pre- served in my personal collection of these flies. One further species was found in the California Academy of Sciences and was loaned to me for study by Dr. E. S. Ross, curator of the insect collections. Tipula (Oreomyza) sequoicola new species Size small (wing, male, less than 10 mm.) ; general coloration light gray, the praescutum with four narrow reddish brown stripes ; claws of male toothed ; wings with a pale grayish tinge ; no squamal setae; cell M ^ about three times the length of its petiole ; male hypopygium with the ninth tergite entirely pale, its caudal margin with a deep and narrow median notch, the broad lateral lobes truncated ; outer dististyle pale, the distal third narrowed; beak of inner dististyle slender, the retracted lower beak terminating in a rounded blackened knob ; eighth sternite terminating in two separate groups of long reddish setae, the apical margin between produced into a long median lobe that is only a little shorter than the setae, its surface with abundant small hairs. J 1 . Length about 8.5 mm.; wing 9.5 mm. Frontal prolongation of head testaceous yellow ; nasus dis- tinct ; palpi with basal segments obscure yellow, the outer ones brown. Antennae with the scape and pedicel yellow, flagellum brown ; flagellar segments with the basal enlargements only feebly indicated ; segments about equal in length to the verticils. Head light gray. Pronotum and mesonotum light gray, the praescutum with four narrow reddish brown stripes, the intermediate pair sepa- rated by a space that is wider than either stripe ; scutal lobes 206 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct., '47 variegated with reddish brown. Pleura and pleurotergite uni- formly pale gray. Halteres with stem pale, knob darkened. Legs with all coxae pale gray; trochanters yellow; remainder of legs pale brown, the outer tarsal segments darker ; tarsal claws (male) toothed. Wings with a pale grayish tinge, the short-oval stigma darker; obliterative areas inconspicuous or lacking; veins brown. Venation: Rs nearly twice m-cu; cell MI_ about three times its petiole ; m oblique, the outer end of cell 1st Mo pointed; M 3+4 short, about three-fifths as long as the basal section of M 1+2 ; m-cu close to the fork of M ; cell 2nd A wide. Abdomen testaceous yellow, unpatterned or virtually so. Male hypopygium with the tergite entirely pale, without ventral or marginal armature ; posterior border with a deep and rela- tively narrow median notch, the broad lateral lobes truncate, provided with short scattered setae only. Ninth sternite with its appendage a subglobular lobe that is cushioned with coarse subspinous setae. Outer dististyle elongate, pale, the outer third narrowed, the lower margin and apex with relatively short setae, the dorsal portion with fewer long coarse bristles. Inner dististyle with the beak slender, the lower beak far retracted, at base of the former, terminating in a rounded black knob ; dorsal crest with the corrugations widely spaced, the setae nearest the beak very small, becoming longer and coarser outwardly; pos- terior crest high but very pale to hyaline, the posterior corruga- tions more crowded ; outer basal lobe short, more or less sclero- tized, near apex with three or four setae that are stronger than the others. Eighth sternite near posterior margin with two separated groups of long reddish setae; near margin between these two groups an elongate median structure, appearing as a long tail-like pale lobe, the surface with abundant short hairs. Habitat. CALIFORNIA. Holotypc: $, Sequoia National Park, Giant Forest near Sunset Camp, altitude 7000 feet, July 18, 1946 (C. P. Alexander) ; in grove of Jeffrey Pine, Finns jef- freyi Murray, resting on trunk of this species. This small fly seems to be most nearly allied to Tipula (Oreo- mysa) mandan Alexander, despite the tmproduced basistyle of Iviii, '47 J ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 207 the male hypopygium. The elongate median appendage of the eighth sternite is distinctive. Limnophila (Elaeophila) nupta new species Mesonotal praescutum gray with four brown stripes ; wings relatively narrow, faintly tinged with yellow, conspicuously pat- terned with brown, the areas restricted to the vicinity of the veins ; Sc -short, Sc t ending a short distance before the fork of Rs; abdomen bicolored ; male hypopygium with the basistyle at apex provided with a brush of long yellow setae ; outer dististyle entirely blackened, the spine of the outer margin strong, the outer third of style more narrowed, with six or seven spines before the strong apical point ; phallosome on either side of the small aedeagus produced into a strong black spine. J 1 . Length about 6.5 mm. ; wing 7.4 mm. Rostrum and palpi brownish black. Antennae with the basal segments black, the scape pruinose, flagellum paler ; antennae of moderate length ; verticils longer than the oval segments. Head gray; anterior vertex broad. Pronotum gray. Mesonotal praescutum light gray, with four darK brown stripes that are separated by narrow gray lines; pseudosutural foveae black, conspicuous ; posterior sclerites of notum somewhat darker gray, the scutum weakly patterned with darker. Pleura gray. Halteres with stem pale, knob dark brown. Legs with the coxae and trochanters yellow; femora yellow basally, broken at near midlength. \Yings relatively nar- row, faintly tinged with yellow, more saturated in the prearcular and basal costal fields ; a conspicuous brown pattern, including about six larger costal areas, the second at origin of Rs, and the third at tip of Sc relatively close together and confluent in the costal cell ; other dark areas over cord, outer end of cell 1st M z> over the supernumerary crossvein in cell M, and at ends of the longitudinal veins, all dark areas being restricted to the vicinity of the veins ; veins brown, slightly darker in the patterned areas, light yellow at the wing base. Venation : Sc short, Sc ending a slight distance before the fork of Rs, Sc. 2 about opposite two- thirds Rs, the latter angulated and long-spurred at origin ; cell M! subequal to its petiole; cell 1st M., small with ui-cit at about one-third its length. 208 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct., '47 Abdomen bicolored, the bases of the segments yellow, the nar- rower apices dark brown, the pale color clearer on the more proximal segments. Male hypopygium with the outer apical angle of basistyle slightly produced into a blackened obtuse lobe that bears a group of long yellow setae that are subequal in length to the outer dististyle. Outer dististyle entirely black- ened, relatively narrow, the spine of the outer margin strong, placed at near two-thirds the length ; outer third of style more narrowed, the apex a strong curved spine with about six or seven smaller teeth on margin back from this spine. Inner dististyle an oval pale lobe with abundant pale setae but with no modified brush or pencil. Phallosome on either side of the small aedeagus produced into a strong black spine that is about three-fourths as long as the aedeagus itself. Habitat. CALIFORNIA. Holotype: $, Yosemite National Park, Bridalveil Creek, altitude 7075 feet, July 22, 1946 (C. P. Alexander). The most similar species is Limnophila (Elceopliila) angustior Alexander which agrees most closely in the shape and coloration of the wings and in the general structure of the male hypopyg- ium, including the brush of setae at apex of the basistyle. It differs in all other details of the hypopygium, including the outer dististyle and the lack of the spines subtending the aedeagus. Elephantomyia (Elephantomyia) curtirostris new species Mesonotum yellow, the praescutum with three brown stripes ; rostrum unusually short, only about two-fifths as long as the wing ; antennae black ; wings with a faint yellow tinge, restrict - edly patterned with brown, including very narrow seams over most of the veins ; abdomen yellow, the tergites with a narrow pale brown central stripe, widened on the proximal two seg- ments ; sternites yellow, the lateral borders brownish black. 5- Length, excluding rostrum, about 10.5 mm. ; wing 10.5 mm. ; rostrum 4 mm. Rostrum unusually short, dark brown throughout, about two- fifths as long as the wing; palpi dark brown. Antennae with the scape black, sparsely pruinose ; pedicel piceous brown ; flagel- lum black ; fusion-segment more than twice the length of the Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 209 succeeding segment. Head light gray; anterior vertex (female) narrow, about one-fourth greater than the diameter of the scape. Pronotum obscure yellow. Mesonotal praescutum yellow, with three brown stripes, the median one broad and distinct, the laterals more diffuse ; posterior interspaces obscured ; centers of the scutal lobes and the mediotergite dark brown, the scu- tellum darkened medially, the remainder of mesonotum yellow. Pleura yellow, with a major brown area on the mesopleura. Halteres broken. Legs with the coxae and trochanters yellow ; femora yellow, the tips dark brown, broadest on the fore pair where more than the outer half is included, narrowest on the posterior legs where about the outer tenth is included; tibiae obscure brownish yellow, the tips narrowly darkened ; tarsi brownish yellow, the terminal two segments dark brown ; tibial spurs present. Wings with a faint yellow tinge, restrictedly patterned with brown, including pale brown cells C and Sc, a long darker brown stigma, and very narrow but evident pale brown seams over most of the veins, lacking on 1st A; veins brown. Venation : Sc relatively short, the strong Sc ending a short distance before the outer end of Rs, the weak Sc l at its tip ; branches of Rs extending generally parallel to one another, diverging slightly at their outer ends ; in-cu at midlength of the lower face of cell 1st M. 2 . Abdomen yellow, the lateral borders of the sternites brownish black, more or less interrupted on the narrow basal rings of the segments; on the seventh sternite the posterior border is simi- larly darkened ; tergites with a delicate pale brown median line, more extensive on segments one and two, on the latter more or less hour-glass shaped. Ovipositor with the valves, especially the cerci, elongate. Habitat. ARIZONA. Holotype: $, Chiricahua Mountains, Cochise Co., Rustler Park, altitude 8500 feet, July 26, 1927 (J. A. Kusche) ; California Academy of Sciences. The present fly is very different from the other regional spe- cies, including the only other Nearctic species, the genotype, Elephantomyia (Elephantomyia) tscslu'oodi Osten Sacken and rather numerous Mexican forms. From all of these it differs especially in the unusually short rostrum which is only about two-fifths as long as the wing. 210 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct., '47 A New Species of Hippomelas with Notes on Two other Buprestidae (Coleoptera) By J. N. KNULL, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio Hippomelas brunneata n. sp. Female. Short, robust; head, prothorax, scutellum, ventral surface and legs dark bronze, elytra brown, pubescence short, inconspicuous, irregularly clothed with white flocculent material. Head convex, median line on vertex extending down front; clypeus deeply, broadly emarginate ; surface densely, finely punctured ; antennae extending beyond middle of pronotum when laid along side, scape stout, second segment longer than wide, third as long as fifth and sixth taken together, fourth shorter than third, segments five to ten inclusive as long as wide, eleventh with appendicle, serrate from fourth segment. Pronotum wider than long, widest in front of middle ; sides broadly rounded in front, sinuate near base, lateral margin ex- tending from base, not reaching middle ; anterior margin with broad lobe ; posterior margin sinuate, median lobe broad ; disk convex, a median depression separating two smooth callosities in front, transversely depressed in front of scutellum ; surface irregularly coarsely punctured. Scutellum much wider than long, rounded in rear. Elytra back of base wider than widest part of pronotum ; sides sinuate in front, converging to subtruncate apices, serrulate on apical third ; disk convex ; surface densely punctured, punc- tures same size as those on head, indistinctly striate on apical fourth. Abdomen beneath convex ; surface finely densely punctate. Posterior tarsi shorter than tibiae, first segment as long as third and fourth together, other segments decreasing in length. Length 13 mm. ; width 4.2 mm. Described from unique female specimen in collection of author labeled Palm Springs, CALIFORNIA, June 30, 1946, D. J. and J. N. Knull collectors. Iviii, '47 J ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 211 This species is close to H. calijornica (Horn) and can be separated by its larger size, brown elytra, more deeply emargi- nate clypeus and wider, shorter, less parallel sided metaepi- sternum. CHRYSOBOTHRIS MULTISTIGMOSA Mann. 1. Male genitalia, dorsal view. 2. Ventral view of No. 1. 3. Male an- tenna. 4. Clypeus. Acmaeodera lataflava Fall Reared from dead flower stems of Agave consociata Trel. collected on Pinyon Flat, Santa Rosa Mountains, California. Chrysobothris multistigmosa (Mann.), 1 Fis^s. 1, 2, 3 and 4. Colobogaster multistigmosa Mannerheim, 1837, Bui. Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes Mosc., 10 (8) : 82. 1 Determination by W. S. Fisher, U. S. N. M. 212 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct., '47 Type locality of this species is Oaxaca, Mexico. Specimens are at hand from Arizona : Wickenburg, July 8, 1937, August 20, 1938; Congress Junction, July 7, and Baboquivari Moun- tains, Sept. 1, 1938, all collected by D. J. and J. N. Knull. This species looks very much like C. basal is Lee., and will run to it in Fisher's key. 2 The male can be distinguished by the elongate third antennal segment and by the genitalia. A Note on the Occurrence of the Flea, Corrodopsylla hamiltoni Traub, on Shrews By W. R. ENNS, Department of Entomology, University of Missouri On 11 March 1947, a specimen of Cryptotis parva Say, 1 the little short-tailed shrew, was taken at Columbia, Missouri by the writer. On this shrew several pairs of fleas were found which were determined by Major Robert Traub of the U. S. Army Medical Museum, Washington, D. C., as Corrodopsylla hamiltoni Traub. This flea was described in 1944 from specimens taken on B I arm a in Illinois. According to Major Traub, two females of the flea are known which were taken on Cryptotis in New York. Mr. E. W. Jameson, Jr., of Cornell University, has informed me that he took forty-seven specimens of C. hamiltoni on Cryp- totis and eight specimens on Blarina brcvicauda at Lawrence, Douglas County, Kansas in 1946. 2 It has not been determined whether Cryptotis and Blarina are parasitized to the same degree by this flea but in view of Jame- son's records, it would appear that Cryptotis is the more com- mon host. Apparently it is restricted to shrews. 2W. S. Fisher, 1942, Misc. Pub. U. S. D. A., 1-274. 1 Determined by Dr. William H. Elder, Assistant Professor of Zoology, University of Missouri. - To be published as part of a thesis on the prairie vole in the Museum of Natural History Publication, University of Kansas. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 213 Some Synonymy in Coniontellus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) By IRA LA RIVERS, University of California, Berkeley In 1908, Col. Thomas L. Casey described three species from a series of the nondescript genus Coniontellus collected in and about Reno, Nevada (Washoe County), C. liystrix, C. longi- pennis and C. ainpliatus. Previously (1890), he had described C. inflatns from the same locality, also from material he had col- lected. The late Dr. Frank E. Blaisdell, Sr., recognized the species longipennis, ainpliatus and inflatns among my material from Reno and vicinity. In his 1908 key to the species, Casey distinguished between hystrix-longipennis and inflatus-ampliatus by integumental col- oration alone, listing the first two as "castaneous in color," and the remaining two species as "black." During a familiarity of nearly fifteen years with the genus as it is represented in the Truckee Meadows (in which Reno is situated), I was led to a perusal of the status of the four described species by the facts that (a) all of Casey's descriptions seemed to be rather arbi- trarily drawn up with respect to the characters used in differ- entiating the species, (b) all his descriptions seemed to fit equally well any and all specimens of the very large series I had accumulated, and (c) such variation in size and coloration was exhibited by my specimens, some of it obviously seasonal, as to render these characters, as used by Casey, of little taxo- nomic significance. After studying several hundred specimens of the genus from in and about Reno, I am convinced that but one species is pres- ent, a species exhibiting considerable variation in size and col- oration, but no more abnormal in these respects than other spe- cies of Coniontellus and the closely-related and much larger genus Coniontis, with which Casey also experimented. Cas- taneous specimens are merely tenerals. The synonymy should be indicated as : 214 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct.. '47 Coniontellus inflatus Casey 1890 C. hystrix Casey 1908 C. longipennis Casey 1908 C. cnnpliatus Casey 1908 As I have mentioned before (1946), no lasting interpretation of either Coniontis or Coniontellus (and related groups) will be possible until the taxonomic possibilities presented by the chae- totaxy of larvae are thoroughly investigated. And even then, it will be a major task to correlate such larvae with the adult de- scriptions of Casey. A consideration of the extensive synonymy in the now large genus Coniontis will be reserved for a future time. REFERENCES CASEY, THOMAS L. 1890. Coleopterological notices II. Ann. N. Y, Acad. Sci., 5: 307-504. . 1908. A revision of the tenebrionid subfamily Coniontinae. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 10: 51-166. LA RIVERS, IRA. 1946. On the genus Trogloderus (Coleoptera: Tene- brionidae). Ent. News, 57 (2) : 35-44. Review NATURE AND PREVENTION OF PLANT DISEASES. By K. Starr Chester. 2d ed. Blakiston Company, Philadelphia. 1947. Pp. xi + 525, 224 figs. $5.00. Entomologists that are fascinated with the complex life- histories of certain insects, e.g., Adclgcs, Micronialthus, will be amazed at the involved life-history of the organism causing stem rust of wheat that begins this text. Many other plant diseases are also described as to recognition, etiology and con- trol. The book is a practical one but it also expounds clearly the scientific principles of plant pathology that are necessary for a true understanding of the disease-producing organisms. Some insect vectors mentioned are the leafhoppers that carry sugar-beet curly top, bees that carry fire-blight and the beetles that carry Dutch elm disease. In one instance at least, in peach yellows, the causative virus is transmitted in no other way except through the feeding of the leafhopper Macropsis trimacnlata, in the body of which the virus must undergo an incubation period of from 8 to 28 days, after which it is found in the saliva. The book is exceptionally well written, is concise yet very readable. R. G. SCHMIEDER. Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 215 Current Entomological Literature COMPILED BY EDWIN T. MOUL AND RAYMOND Q. BLISS. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania, pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrele- vant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species will be recorded. This list gives references of the current or preceding year unless otherwise noted. Continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installment. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record, Office of Ex- periment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Entomology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. NOTE: The figures within brackets [ ] refer to the journal in which the paper ap- peared, as numbered in the List of periodicals and serials published in our January and June issues. The number of the volume, and in some cases, the part, heft, &c. is followed by a colon (:). References to papers containing new forms or names not so stated in titles are followed by (*); if containing keys are followed by Ck): papers pertaining exclusively to Neotropical species, and not so indicated in the title, have the symbol (S). Papers published in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS are not listed. GENERAL Bailey, J. W. Report on the status of the entomological collections in certain European museums, 1945. [5] 40: 203-12 Blackwelder, R. E. The dates and editions of Curtis' British Entomology. [82] 107: No. 5: 1-27, ill. Chamberlain, F. K. Frederick Edward Winters (obituary). [18] 42: 72-74. Grensted, L. W. On the formation of family names. [28] 83: 137-^-1. Light and Weesner Methods for culturing termites. [SO] 106 (2745) : 131. Olsen and Davies The story of Syrphus weidemanni, a fly, magnified in plastic. [45] 55: 107-13. Peyer, B. An early description of Drosophila. [42] 38: 195-99. Talbot, C. -A little-known method for preserving larvae of Lepidoptera and other insects in the dry state. [28] 83: 152. Van Cleave and Ross Use of trisodium phosphate in microscopical technique. [80] 106 (2748) : 194. Weiss, H. B. Entomological medicaments of the past. [45] 55: 155-68. Williams, C. B. The field of re- search in preventive entomology. (Pres. address, Assoc. Appl. Biol.) [4] 34: 175-85. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, MEDICAL Anon.- Dry-cleaning fluid and the kelp-fly. [45] 55: 114. Davi- ault, L. Action de la temperature et de 1'humidite stir la biologic de Pristiphora geniculata (Tenth ed.). [Rev. Canad. de Biol.] 6: 366-68. Davis, R. A. Notes on tirti- cating lepidopterous larvae becoming of some medical im- portance. [68] 22 : 3-4. Dustan, Armstrong and Put- man The influence of air currents on the insecticidal action of DDT, benzene hexachloride, hercules toxicant 385<\ and velsicol 1608. [23) 79: 45-50, ill. Gier, H. T. Growth 216 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct., '47 rate in the cockroach Periplaneta americana. [5] 40: 303 17. Judd, W. W. The proventriculus of a ground beetle, Chlaenius sp. (Carabid). [23] 79: 58-60, ill. Krause, J. B. The development of the gonads of the wood-eating beetle Passalus cornutus Fab. (Passal.). [5] 40: 172-202, ill. Leone, C. A. Systematic serology among certain in- sect species. [12] 93: 64-71. Murray, D. Some unusual forms of genitalia. [29] 59: 90, ill. Reiter, R. The col- oration of anther and corbicular pollen. [58] 47: 137-51, ill. Richards, A. G. Studies on arthropod cuticle. [5] 40: 227-40. Roebuck, Broadbent and Redman The be- haviour of adult click beetles of the genus Agriotes (A. obscurus, A. lineatus and A. sputator). [4] 34: 186-96. Russell, W. C. Biology of the dermestid beetle with refer- ence to skull cleaning. [Jour, of Mammalogy] 28: 284-87. Sautet, Levavasseur et Vuillet Action biologique des ul- tra-sons sur les culicides. [Rev. Canadienne de Biol.] 6: 179-210, ill. Schneirla, T. C. A study of army-ant life and behavior under dry season conditions with special reference to reproductive functions. [2] 1336: 1-20, ill. Simmonds, F. J. Improvement of the sex-ratio of a parasite by selec- tion. [23] 79: 41-44. Smith, R. I. The action of elec- trical stimulation and of certain drugs on cardiac nerves of the crab. Cancer irroratus. [12] 93: 72-88, ill. Snodgrass, R. E. The insect cranium and the "epicranial suture." [82] 107: 7: 1-52, ill. Squire, F. A. Genetic behaviour of the red form of Dysdercus discolor Walker in the West Indies. [68] 22 : 5-7. Williams, J. L. The comparative anatomy of the internal genitalia of some Tineoidea (Gracil- Tisch). [68] 22: 8-17, ill. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA Ewing and Baker Myonyssus jamesoni a new liponyssid (Acar., Laelapt.) from Blarina brevicauda. [46] 33 : 376-79, ill. (k). Cooley, R. A. Dermacentor dissimilis, a new species of tick from S. Mexico. [2] 1332: 1-3, ill. Goodnight, C. J. and M. L. Studies of the phalangid fauna of Central America. [2] 1340: 1-21, ill. (*) ; Studies of the phalangid fauna of Trini- dad. [2] 1351 : 1-13, ill. (*). Grandjean, F. fitude sur les Samarisidae et quelques autres firythro'ides (Acariens). [Arch, de Zool. Exp. et Gen.] 85: 1-126, ill. (*). Grant, D. C. N. Amer. mites of the genus Laelaps (Acar., Parasit.). [50] 12: 1-21, ill. (k*) ; Redescription of a snake-infesting mite (Parasit.). Ibid.: 22-24, ill. Moore, E. R. and G. C. -The helminth parasites of cottontail rabbits in Alabama with notes on the Arthropod Linguatula serrata (Penta- Iviii, '47] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 217 stomidae). [Jour, of Mammalogy] 28: 279-84. Muma, M. H. North American Agelenidae of the genus coras Simon. [2] 1329 : 1-20, ill. (*) ; North American Agelenidae of the genus Wadotes. [2] 1334: 1-12, ill. (*). Petrunke- vitch, A. Fossil spiders in the collection of the Amer. Museum of Natural History. [2] 1328: 1-36, ill. (*). Wharton, G. W. Studies on N. A. chiggers. 2. The sub- families and Womersia strandtmani n. g., n. sp. [46] 33 : 380-84, ill. (k). SMALLER ORDERS Ahmad, M. New termites from the Indo-Malayan and Papuan regions. [2] 1342: 1-7, ill. (*). Borror, D. J. Notes on Ypirangathemis Santos (Libellul.) with a description of the female of Y. calverti Santos. [5] 40: 247-56, ill. (S). Broadhead, E. New species of Liposcelis (Corrodentia) in England. [88] 98: 41-58, ill. Fraser, F. C. The Odonata of the Ivory Coast based on the mission of Dr. R. Paulin and P. Lepesme. [88] 98: 19-39, ill. (*). Klots, E. B. Chinese dragonflies in the Amer. Museum of Natural History. [2] 1341 : 1-15, ill. (*). Light and Weesner Methods for culturing ter- mites. [80] 106 (2745) : 131. ORTHOPTERA Chagnon, G. The cockroaches of the Province of Quebec. [23] 79: 57-58 (k). Gier, H. T. -(See under Anatomy.) Leone, C. A. (See under Anat- omy.) Rehn, J. A. G. African and malagasy Blattidae. Part IV. [62] 99: 59-92, ill. (k*). Strohecker, H. F.- Some southwestern Gryllacrididae. [5] 40: 241-46 (*). HEMIPTERA DeLong, D. M. A new genus and spe- cies of Mexican leafhopper related to Mesamia (Cicadell.). [18] 42: 63-64, ill. DeLong and Hershberger The genus Mesamia in Mexico (Cicadell.). [5] 40: 257-65, ill. (*). Esselbaugh, C. O. Some notes on the biology of Hy- menarcys aequalis Say (Pent.). [18] 47: 25-30. Evans, J. W. -A natural classification of leaf-hoppers (Jassoidea). Part 3. Jassiclae. [88 J 98: 105-271, ill. (k). Kiiowlton, G. F. Schizolachnus pini-radiate. [18] 42: 62; Two poplar aphids. Ibid.: 71; Myzus aphid notes. Ibid.: 74; A few aphids. [Ibid.]: 77; Geocoris notes. Ibid.: 79. Mathis, W. Biology of the Florida red scale in Florida. |31| 29: 13-35. Miliiron, H. E. (See under Hym.) Pritchard, A. E. Hoplopleura oenomydis Ferris, a louse found on do- mestic rats in the U. S. "[46] 33 : 374-75. Sampson, W. W. Additions and corrections to "a generic synopsis of the Aleyrodoidea." [18] 42: 45-50 (k). Squire, F. A. (See 218 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Oct., '47 under Anatomy.) Usinger, R. L. Classification of the Cryphocricinae (Naucor.). [5] 40: 329-43 (k*S). LEPIDOPTERA Bell, E. L. New species and sub- species of neotropical Hesperiidae. [2] 1330: 1-9, ill. Carpenter, G. D. H. The geographical distribution of the forms of the African nymphaline butterflies Charaxes etesipe and Ch